SEWAGE WATER TREATMENT

1. Sewage systems use water to carry waste away in

pipes. They can improve community health, especially in
crowded urban areas. Sewage treatment is costly, and
more often than not, sewage is dumped without being
treated. This spreads waste and all the germs, worms, and
toxic chemicals it may contain, causing health problems
such as hepatitis, cholera, and typhoid in places where
sewage is dumped, (Conant, 2008).
2. Treatment of wastewater depends upon the
impurities. The impurities presents are physical,
chemical, and biological and accordingly the
treatment given physical, chemical, and biological.
Chemical Treatment of Wastewater is
normally preferred when the wastewater
discharge is very small liked that produced
by industries, which contain chemicals.
Chemical Treatment takes place in units
which are called reactors, Chemical
Treatment of the industrial wastewater can
be achieved from one of the following
methods Chemical Coagulation
Chemical Precipitation, Oxidation &
Reduction , Neutralization , Ion
exchange,
(Environmental Engineering, R Shah).
4. Unit of Operation in Waste Water Treatment
Preliminary treatment-consisting of Screening and
,
grit removal
Primary Treatmentconsisting Primary Sedimentation
Tank
Secondary treatment-consisting of trickling filter and
secondary sedimentation tank and disinfection unit,
(Environmental Engineering, R Shah).

Biological Treatment fully Utilizes the micro-organism for

treatment of the wastewater.
Depending upon the type of microbes used the biological
treatment is classified as:
Aerobic Treatment using aerobic organism; Anaerobic
Treatment,
(Environmental Engineering, R Shah).

3. Physical treatment unit. A unit of removal

5. Unit of Operation in Wastewater Treatment
impurities is taking place due to physical processes
like gravity settling etc. Mechanical straining takes When the treated Wastewater is intended for recycling or
place in screen gravity Settlings takes place in Reuse as Domestic water Supply for Swimming pool use,
clarifiers. Clarifiers are also known as Sedimentation the tertiary treatment is given to the Wastewater. The
Basin or Settling tanks, phosphorus & Nitrogen content of Wastewater are
reduced to unobjectionable level in tertiary Treatment. It
(Environmental Engineering, R Shah).
should be remembered that tertiary treatment is given
after preliminary, primary and Secondary Treatment,
(Environmental Engineering, R Shah).

ARISTOTELES, JAMES KARLO

ARRM 1 (3065)