INTRODUCTION

Guidance and counselling are twin concepts & have emerged as essential elements of every
educational activity, however, they are not synonymous term because counselling is a part of guidance.
Guidance in educational context, means to indicate , point out, show the way , lead out & direct, while
Counselling is a specialized service of guidance. It is the process of helping individuals to learn more
about themselves and their present and possible future situations to make a substantial contribution to
the society.

DISCUSSION

WHAT IS GUIDANCE?

Arthur J. Jones

says that guidance involves personal help given by someone; it is designed to assist individuals to
decide where they want to go, what they want to do, or how they solve problems for the individuals but
helps to solve them.

Carter Good

guidance is a form of systematic assistance, aside from regular instruction, to pupils, students, or
to others to help them acquire knowledge and wisdom, free from compulsion or prescription, and
calculated to lead self-direction.

Hamrin & Erickson

Guidance is an assistance made available by a competent counselor to an individual of any age

to help him direct his own point of view, make his own decision and carry his own burden.

Ruth Strang

Guidance is a process of helping every individual, through his own effort to discover & develop
his potentialities for his personal happiness & social usefulness.

Glenn F. Smith

Counselling is essentially a process in which the counselor assists the counselee to make
interpretations of facts relating to a choice, plan or adjustment which he needs to make.

Carl Rogers

Counselling is a series of direct contacts with the individual which aims to offer him assistance in
changing his attitude & behaviors.
William J. Bennet

sees guidance as a process of assisting individuals to determine their physical, social, intellectual
and personality assets and liabilities as well as to know the conditions, requirements, and opportunities
of the situation confronting them so that possessed of these two types of knowledge, they can make
wise and intelligent choices and adjustments and embark upon suitable courses of action as regards
their problems, their needs, and their opportunities.

Gary Kelly

defines the term as that phase of the educative process which consist in the appraisal of the
abilities, interests and needs of individual pupils in order to counsel them concerning their problems, to
aid them in formulating plans for realizing their capacities, and to assist them in making decisions or
adjustments which will promote their well-being in school, in life and in eternity.
Prepared by:

Angela Dominique t. Lomagdong