Arajo 1
DISCIPLINA
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 6
3 2 1b
t
.d =
( n ).d
Teorema da Divergncia (Gauss) para Simplesmente Conexa
3 2
d = ( n ).d 1c
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 7
3 3
t
.d = d 2a
Equivalentemente, temos :
3
t + d = 0 2b
Como este resultado vale independentemente do tamanho e
forma de , o integrando deve ser nulo por toda parte :
2c
+ = 0
t
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 8
3 3
t
.d = d 2a
Equivalentemente, temos :
3
t + d = 0 2b
Como este resultado vale independentemente do tamanho e
forma de , o integrando deve ser nulo por toda parte :
Leva EDP aps entrada de e 2c
+ = 0
t Operao da respectiva Divergncia
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 9
+ = 0
t
Exemplo 5.1 : Conduo de Calor em Slidos
Energia Interna ( kJ )
Temperatura ( K )
K T : Fluxo Condutivo ( kW / m 2 ) via Lei de Fourier
K Condutividade Trmica ( kW / K .m ) const .
T
C P . .
t t
Cap . calorfica molar C P ( kJ / gmol .K ) const .
Densidade molar ( gmol / m 3 ) const .
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 10
T T
+ = 0 CP . . + ( K T ) = 0 C P . . = K 2
T
t t t
T K
= 2T = Difusividade Trmica (m 2 / s )
t CP
T 2T 2T 2T
= 2 + 2 + 2 3
t x y z
+ = 0
t
Exemplo 5.2 : Contra-Difuso Binria A+B de Massa
Nmero de Mols de " A" ( gmol )
C A : Concentrao de " A" ( gmol / m 3 )
C A : Concentrao de " A" ( gmol / m 3 )
D AB C A : Fluxo Difusivo de " A" ( gmol / s .m 2 ) via Lei de Fick da Difuso
D AB Difusividade de " A" em " B" ( m 2 / s ) const .
C A
t t
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 12
C A C A
+ = 0 + ( DAB C A ) = 0 = DAB 2C A
t t t
C A 2C A 2 C A 2C A
= DAB + + 2
4
t x
2
y 2
z
n n 2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 15
n n 2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
n n 2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
n n 2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
Termo de No-Homogeneidade
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 18
n n
2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
n n
2 (.) n
(.)
L Aij ( x ) + Bi ( x ) + C( x )(.)
i =1 j =1 xi x j i =1 xi
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 19
n n
2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
n n
2 n
Aij ( x ) x x + Bi ( x ) x + C( x ) = D( x )
i =1 j =1 i j i =1 i
D( x ) = 0 EDP Homognea
A, B , C No dependem da Varivel Dependente EDP 2 Linear
Caracter de A( x ) det er min a o tipo da EDP 2
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 21
Resoluo
Conhecida como a Equao de Laplace
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 23
x
Varivel Dependente : T , Variveis Independentes : y
z
1 0 0
Termo O( 2 ) : A = 0 1 0 , Termo O( 1 ) : B = 0
0 0 1
Termo O( 0 ) : C = 0 , No Homogeneidade : D = 0.
EDP 2 Linear Homognea com Coeficientes Cons tan tes .
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 24
Resoluo
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 26
2 2
2
2
+ a2 2 + 2 + 2 =0
t 2 x y z
t
x
Varivel Dependente : , Variveis Independentes :
y
z
1 0 0 0
0 a2 0 0
Termo O( 2 ) : A = 2 , Termo O( 1 ) : B = 0
0 0 a 0
0 0 0 a2
Termo O( 0 ) : C = 0 , No Homogeneidade : D = 0.
EDP 2 Linear Homognea com Coeficientes Cons tan tes .
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 30
2 2
2
2
+ a2 2 + 2 + 2 =0
t 2 x y z
t
x
Varivel Dependente : , Variveis Independentes :
y
Classifica ndo o Tipo : z
1 0 0 0
0 a2 0 0
Eq. Carac . = 0 ( + 1 )( a 2 )3 = 0
0 0 a2 0
0 0 0 a2
Autovalores 1 = 1, 2 = 3 = 4 = a 2 A Indefinida
EDP 2 Hiperblica
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 31
O problema passa a ser obter soluo para cada uma das novas
variveis dependentes separadas Xk( xk ).
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 34
n
( x ) = X i ( xi ) =X 1( x1 )* X 2 ( x2 )* ...* X n ( xn )
i =1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 36
2 = 0 C .C .1 x 1 = 0 , C .C .2 ... etc
L = D( x ) , C .C . x = 0
N
D( x) = Dk ( x)
Quebra-se D( x ) em N contribuies + simples k =1
N
Aps resolvidos cada um destes PVCs, ( x ) = k( x )
reconstitui-se a soluo original pelo PSS k =1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 41
L = 0 , C .C . x = F ( x )
N
Quebra-se F( x ) em N contribuies + simples F ( x) = Fk ( x)
k =1
Dando N EDP-2 homogneas com C.C. + simples
L k = 0 , C .C . x k = Fk ( x )
N
Aps resolvidos cada um destes PVCs, ( x ) = k( x )
reconstitui-se a soluo original pelo PSS k =1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 42
L = D( x ) , C .C . x = F ( x )
N
F ( x ) = Fk ( x )
k =1
Quebrar F( x ) e D( x ) em N termos + simples: N
D( x ) =
Dk ( x )
Dando N PVCs + simples: k =1
L k = Dk ( x ) , C .C . x k = Fk ( x )
N
Aps resolvidos cada um destes PVCs, ( x ) = k( x )
reconstitui-se a soluo original pelo PSS k =1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 43
2T 2T
+ 2 =0
x 2
y
y T = TB
C.C.1 : x = 0, y, T = TA
C.C.2 : x = L, y, T = TA
C.C.3 : y = 0, x, T = TA L
T = TA
C.C.4 : y = L, x, T = TB > TA
T = TA
L x
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 44
T TA
( x, y ) = T = TA + ( TB TA ). ( x , y ) 5a
TB TA
PVC Torna-se :
2T 2T 2 2
+ 2 =0 2
+ 2
=0
x 2
y x y
C.C.1 : x = 0, y, T = TA C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = 0
5b
C.C.2 : x = L, y, T = TA C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0
C.C.3 : y = 0, x, T = TA C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , = 0
C.C.4 : y = L, x, T = TB C .C .4 : y = L ,x , = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 46
( x , y ) = X ( x ).Y ( y ) 5c
2 2
Derivadas da EDP : = X ( 2 ) .Y , = X .Y ( 2 )
x 2 y 2
2 2
Substituio na EDP : + = 0 X ( 2 ) .Y + X .Y ( 2 ) = 0
x 2 y 2
X(2) Y(2) 5d
Resulta : =
X Y
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 47
X(2) Y(2)
= =
X Y
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 48
X(2) Y(2) 6a
= =
X Y
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = 0 X ( 0 ).Y ( y ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0 X ( L ).Y ( y ) = 0
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , = 0 X ( x ).Y ( 0 ) = 0 6b
C .C .4 : y = L ,x , = 1 X ( x ).Y ( L ) = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 49
X(2)
=
X
X(2) Y(2)
= = C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 0 ) = 0
X Y
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( L ) = 0
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , X ( 0 ).Y ( y ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y , X ( L ).Y ( y ) = 0 Y(2)
=
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , X ( x ).Y ( 0 ) = 0 Y
C .C .4 : y = L ,x , X ( x ).Y ( L ) = 1 C .C .3 : y = 0 , Y ( 0 ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 50
X(2)
=
X
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 0 ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( L ) = 0
X ( 2 ) .X = 0 PSL
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 0 ) = 0 r( x ) = 1, p( x ) = 1, q( x ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( L ) = 0 a = 0, b = L
a1 = b1 = 1, a2 = b2 = 0
D Famlia { X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 51
X ( 2 ) .X = 0 PSL : p( x ) = 1, a = 0 , b = L
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 0 ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( L ) = 0
X ( x ) = exp( .x )
Soluo :
Eq. Caracterstica : 2 =0
Razes : =
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 52
Razes : =
Soluo EDO Hom. : X H ( x ) = C1 exp( x ) + C2 exp( x )
C1 + C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 exp( L ) + C2 exp( L ) = 0
S Sol. Trivial : C1 = C2 = 0 X H ( x ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 53
Razes : = =0
Soluo EDO Hom. : X H ( x ) = C1 + C2 .x
C1 + C2 .0 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 + C2 .L = 0
S Sol. Trivial : C1 = C2 = 0 X H ( x ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 54
Razes : = = ( ) = i
Soluo EDO Hom. : X H ( x ) = C1 cos( x ) + C2 sen( x )
C1 + C2 .0 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 cos( L ) + C2 sen( L ) = 0
Razes : = = ( ) = i
Soluo EDO Hom. : X H ( x ) = C1 cos( x ) + C2 sen( x )
C1 + C2 .0 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 cos( L ) + C2 sen( L ) = 0
X ( 2 ) .X = 0 PSL : p( x ) = 1, a = 0 , b = L
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 0 ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( L ) = 0
n 2 2 PVC(x) Finalizado.
n = ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L2 n , Xn Obtidos.
nx
X n ( x ) = sen( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L
{ X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 57
Y(2)
=
Y
C .C .3 : y = 0 , Y ( 0 ) = 0
n 2 2 nx
PVC(x) finalizou com n = , X n ( x ) = sen( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L2 L
Yn( 2 )
= n Yn( 2 ) + nYn = 0 ( n = 1,2 ,...)
Yn
C .C .3 : y = 0 , Yn ( 0 ) = 0 C .C .3 : y = 0 , Yn ( 0 ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 58
Soluo : Yn ( y ) = exp( n . y )
Eq. Caracterstica : n2 + n = 0
n
n = n n =
Razes Reais : L
n y ny
Soluo EDO Hom. : Yn ( y ) = C1n exp( ) + C2 n exp( )
L L
C1n + C2 n = 0 C2 n = C1n
Aplicando CC3 :
ny ny
Resulta : Yn ( y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( )
L L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 59
n 2 2
n = 2
( n = 1,2 ,...)
L
nx
X n ( x ) = sen( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...) , { X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
L
ny ny
Yn ( x ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 60
( x , y ) = X ( x ).Y ( y ) 5c
( x , y ) = X n ( x ).Yn ( y )
n =1
n y ny
Yn ( x ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L L
nx
X n ( x ) = sen( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
L
{ X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 61
ny ny nx
( x , y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ).sen
n =1 L L L
nx
{ sen( )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 62
ny ny nx
( x , y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ).sen
n =1 L L L
nx
{ sen( )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
L
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , = 0
Resta Aplicar CC4 C .C .4 : y = L ,x , = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 63
ny ny nx
( x , y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ).sen
n =1 L L L
nx
1 = C1n {exp( n ) exp( n )}.sen
n =1 L
L
nx
sen( L ).dx
0
C1n = L
nx 2
{exp( n ) exp( n )} sen ( ).dx
0
L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 65
T = TA + ( TB TA ). ( x , y ) 7a
ny ny nx
( x , y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ).sen 7b
n =1 L L L
2( 1 ( 1 )n ) 7c
C1n =
{exp( n ) exp( n )}n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 67
PVC Linear 2
T = TA L x
vars independ. T = TC
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 71
TD
L 0 0
L L
TA TB TA A 0
0 B TB
TC L
0 L 0 L
+
0 TD
L L
0 C 0 0 D 0
TC L 0 L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 72
TD
L 0 0
L L
TA TB TA A 0
0 B TB
TC L
0 L 0 L
T ( x , y ) = T ( A )( x , y ) + T ( B )( x , y ) + T ( C )( x , y ) + T ( D )( x , y )
TD 0 TD
L L L
TB 0 B TB 0 D 0
TA
TC L 0 L 0 L
0 0
L L
TA A 0 0 C 0
0 L TC L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 74
2T 2T 0
+ =0 L
2 2
x y
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y ,T = TA TA A 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y ,T = 0
0 L
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x ,T = 0
C .C .4 : y = L ,x ,T = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 75
2T 2T 0 2 2
+ =0 L + =0
2 2 2 2
x y x y
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y ,T = TA TA A 0 C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y ,T = 0 C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0
0 L
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x ,T = 0 C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , = 0
C .C .4 : y = L ,x ,T = 0 C .C .4 : y = L ,x , = 1
2.TA ( 1 ( 1 )n )
Cn( A ) = 8b
{exp( n ) exp( n )}n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 77
2T 2T 0
+ =0 L
x 2 y 2
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y ,T = 0 0 B TB
C .C .2 : x = L ,y ,T = TB
0 L
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x ,T = 0
C .C .4 : y = L ,x ,T = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 78
2T 2T 0 2 2
+ =0 L + =0
2 2 2 2
x y x y
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y ,T = 0 0 B TB C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = 0
C .C .2 : x = L ,y ,T = TB C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0
0 L
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x ,T = 0 C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , = 0
C .C .4 : y = L ,x ,T = 0 C .C .4 : y = L ,x , = 1
( B ) nx nx ny
T (B)
( x, y ) = Cn exp( ) exp( ).sen 9a
n =1 L L L
2TB ( 1 ( 1 )n ) 9b
Cn( B ) =
{exp( n ) exp( n )}n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 80
2TC ( 1 ( 1 )n )
Cn( C ) = 10b
{exp( n ) exp( n )}n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 83
ny ny nx
T (D)
( x, y ) = Cn( D ) exp( ) exp( ).sen 11a
n =1 L L L
2TD ( 1 ( 1 )n ) 11b
Cn( D ) =
{exp( n ) exp( n )}n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 86
Rocha impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 90
L
gua
Rocha impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 91
L H
P = P0
y
x rocha impermevel
Referencial
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 92
x rocha impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 93
Eq . da Difuso em MP
Regime Estacionrio
MP MP = 0
+ MP = 0
t
2 P = 0 Lei de Darcy
( Eq . de Laplace ) MP = K P
2 Dimenses
independentes : x, y
2P 2P
2
+ 2
=0
x y
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 94
P = P0 + g ( H y )
P = P0
L H
P = P0
y
x rocha impermevel
Referencial
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 95
Condies de Contorno
P = P0 + g ( H y )
P = P0
n MP = 0
L H
P = P0
y
x rocha impermevel
Referencial
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 96
PVC torna-se
2 2
2
+ 2
=0
x y
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,y , = H y
C .C .2 : x = L ,y , = 0
C .C .3 : y = 0 ,x , =0
y
C .C .4 : y = H ,x , = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 98
( x , y ) = X ( x ).Y ( y ) 12a
2 2
Derivadas da EDP : = X ( 2 ) .Y , = X .Y ( 2 )
x 2 y 2
2 2
Substituio na EDP : + = 0 X ( 2 ) .Y + X .Y ( 2 ) = 0
x 2 y 2
Y ( 2)
=
X ( 2) Y (2) Y
= =
X Y C.C.3 : y = 0, Y (1) (0) = 0
C.C.1 : x = 0, y, X (0).Y ( y ) = H y C.C.4 : y = H , Y ( H ) = 0
C.C.2 : x = L, y, X ( L).Y ( y ) = 0
C.C.3 : y = 0, x, X ( x).Y (0) = 0 (1) X ( 2)
=
X
C.C.4 : y = H , x, X ( x).Y ( H ) = 0
C.C.2 : x = L, X ( L) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 101
Y ( 2 ) + Y = 0 PSL
C.C.3 : y = 0, Y (1) (0) = 0 r ( y ) = 1, p( y ) = 1, q ( y ) = 0
C.C.4 : y = H , Y ( H ) = 0 a = 0, b = H
a1 = 0, a2 = 1, b1 = 1, b2 = 0
Y ( 2 ) + Y = 0 Soluo : Y ( y ) = exp( . y )
C.C.3 : y = 0, Y (0) = 0 (1) Eq. Caracterstica : 2 + =0
C.C.4 : y = H , Y ( H ) = 0 Razes : =
Caso 1 : < 0 Razes Reais Distintas
Razes : =
Soluo EDO Hom. : YH ( y ) = C1 exp( y ) + C2 exp( y )
C1 C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 exp( H ) + C2 exp( H ) = 0
S Sol. Trivial : C1 = C2 = 0 YH ( y ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 103
C1.0 + C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 + C2 .H = 0
S Sol. Trivial : C1 = C2 = 0 YH ( y ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 104
C1.0 + C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 cos( H ) + C2 sen( H ) = 0
2n 1
Sol. No Trivial com cos( H ) = 0 H n = ( ) ( n = 1,2 ,...)
2
( 2 n 1 )2 2
n = 2
( n = 1,2 ,...)
C1 0, C2 = 0 4H
(2n 1)y (2n 1)y
YH ( y ) = C1 cos( y ) Yn ( y ) = cos( ) = cos( )
2H 2H
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 105
X ( 2)
=
X
C.C.2 : x = L, X ( L) = 0
X n( 2 )
= n X n( 2 ) n X n = 0 (n = 1,2,...)
Xn
C.C.2 : x = L, X n ( L) = 0 C.C.2 : x = L, X n ( L) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 107
(2n 1) 2 2
n = (n = 1,2,...)
4H 2
(2n 1)y
Yn ( y ) = cos (n = 1,2,...) , {Yn ( y )} em [0, H ] sob p ( y ) = 1
2H
( 2n 1)y
Yn ( y ) = cos ( n = 1,2,...) , {Yn ( y )} em [0, H ] sob p ( y ) = 1
2H
( 2n 1)x (2n 1)L (2n 1)x
X n ( x) = C1n exp( ) exp( ). exp( ) ( n = 1,2,...)
2H H 2H
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 110
(2n 1)y
cos em [0, H ] sob p ( y ) = 1
2H
H
( 2 n 1 )y
( H y ) cos( 2 H ).dy
0
C1n = H
( 2 n 1 )L 2 ( 2 n 1 )y
1 exp cos ( ).dy
H 0 2H
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 113
H 2
H
( 2 n 1 )y 2H ( 2 n 1 )y 2 H 2 ( 1 )n1
H . cos
2 H
.dy =
( 2 n 1 )
sen
2 H
=
( 2 n 1 )
0 0
H H
( 2 n 1 )y 2H ( 2 n 1 )y
y.cos 2 H .dy = ( 2n 1 ) .y.sen 2 H
0 0
H
2H ( 2 n 1 )y
( 2 n 1 ) sen 2 H .dy
0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 114
H 2
H
( 2 n 1 )y 2H ( 2 n 1 )y 2 H 2 ( 1 )n1
H . cos
2 H
.dy =
( 2 n 1 )
sen
2 H
=
( 2 n 1 )
0 0
H 2 n 1 2 H
( 2 n 1 )y 2 H ( 1 ) 2H ( 2 n 1 )y
y . cos
2 H
.dy =
( 2 n 1 )
+
( 2n 1 )
cos
2H
=
0 0
2H 2 2
= ( 1 )n1
( 2 n 1 ) ( 2 n 1 )
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 115
1 8H
C1n = ( n = 1,2 ,...)
( 2 n 1 )L ( 2 n 1 )2 2
1 exp
H
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 116
P( x , y ) = P0 + g ( x , y )
(2n 1)x (2n 1)L (2n 1)x (2n 1)y
( x, y ) = C1n exp( ) exp( ). exp( ). cos
n =1 2H H 2H 2H
1 8 H
C1n =
( 2n 1 )L ( 2n 1 )
2 2
1 exp
H
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 117
L/2 Em t=0, CA = 0
Pelcula impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 122
Eq . da Difuso Eq . da Difuso 1 D
Em 1-D
C A C A 2C A
= D AB 2C A = D AB
t t x 2
L/2 Em t=0, CA = 0
Pelcula impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 123
Condies de Contorno
n A = 0
Pelcula impermevel
L/2 Em t=0, CA = 0
Pelcula impermevel
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 124
C A ( t , x ) = T ( t ).X ( x ) 13a
2C A C A
Derivadas da EDP : = X ( 2 ) .T ( t ) , = X ( x ).T ( 1 )
x 2 t
C A 2C A (1) (2)
Substituio na EDP : = 2
X ( x ).T = D AB . X .T
t x
X ( 2 ) 1 T(1)
Resulta : = 13b
X D AB T
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 126
X(2) 1 T(1)
= =
X D AB T Neste estgio, o PVI
C A apresenta-se como :
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,t , = 0 X ( 1 )( 0 ).T ( t ) = 0
x
C A
C .C .2 : x = L ,t , = 0 X ( 1 )( L ).T ( t ) = 0
x
0, x>L/2
C .I . : t = 0 ,C A = g( x ) =
C A0 , 0 x L / 2
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 127
X(2)
=
X
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X ( 1 )( 0 ) = 0
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( 1 ) ( L ) = 0
(2) PSL
X X = 0
r( x ) = 1, p( x ) = 1, q( x ) = 0
(1)
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X (0 ) = 0
a = 0, b = L
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( 1 ) ( L ) = 0 a1 = 0 , a2 = 1, b1 = 0 , b2 = 1
D Famlia { X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 129
X ( 2 ) X = 0 Soluo : X ( x ) = exp( .x )
C .C .1 : x = 0 , X (1)
(0 ) = 0 Eq. Caracterstica : 2 =0
Razes :
C .C .2 : x = L , X ( 1 ) ( L ) = 0 =
Caso 1 : > 0 Razes Reais Distintas
Razes : =
Soluo EDO Hom. : X H ( y ) = C1 exp( x ) + C2 exp( x )
C1 C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 exp( L ) + C2 exp( L ) = 0
S Sol. Trivial : C1 = C2 = 0 X H ( x ) = 0
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 130
C1 .0 + C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 .0 + C2 = 0
H Sol. no Trivial : C1 0 ,C2 = 0 X H ( x ) = C1
C1 .0 + C2 = 0
Aplicando CCs :
C1 sen( L ) + C2 cos( L ) = 0
Sol. No Trivial com sen( L ) = 0 L n = n ( n = 1,2 ,...)
n 2 2
n = 2
( n = 1,2 ,...)
C1 0 , C2 = 0 L
nx nx
X H ( y ) = C1 cos( x ) X n ( x ) = cos( ) = cos( )
L L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 132
n 2 2
n = 2
( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
n x
X n ( x ) = cos ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L PVC(x) Finalizado.
{ X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1 n , Xn(x) Obtidos.
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 133
T(1)
= n 2 2
D AB .T n = 2
( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
nx
PVC(x) finalizou com X n ( x ) = cos ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
{ X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
n 2 2 D AB .t
Tn ( t ) = Cn exp( 2
)
L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 134
n 2 2
n = 2
( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
nx
X n ( x ) = cos ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...) , { X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
L
n 2 2 D AB .t
Tn ( t ) = Cn exp( 2
) ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
n 2 2
n = 2
( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
nx
X n ( x ) = cos ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...) , { X n ( x )} em [ 0 , L ] sob p( x ) = 1
L
n 2 2 D AB .t
Tn ( t ) = Cn exp( 2
) ( n = 0 ,1,2 ,...)
L
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 136
C A 2C A
= D AB
Checando CCs do PVI ... t x 2
0, x>L/2
C .I . : t = 0 ,C A = g ( x ) =
Resta Aplicar CI C A0 , 0 x L / 2
C A
C .C .1 : x = 0 ,t , =0
x
C
C .C .2 : x = L ,t , A = 0
x
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 137
t = 0 ,C A = g ( x )
nx
g ( x ) = Cn . cos
n =0 L
L/ 2
L/ 2 nx
C A0 .dx C A0 . cos(
L
).dx
0
0 C A0 Cn = ( n 1)
C0 = = L
L 2 2
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 139
C A0
C0 =
2
0 ( n > 0 , par )
2C n
Cn = A0 .sen =
n 2 n 1
2C A0 ( 1 ) 2
, ( n > 0 , mpar )
n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 140
0 ( n > 0 , par )
Cn =
n 1
2C A0 ( 1 ) 2
, ( n > 0 , mpar )
n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 141
C A0 n 2 2 D AB .t nx
C A( t , x ) = + Cn exp
. cos
2 L 2 L
n =1
0 ( n > 0 , par )
Cn =
n 1
2C A0 ( 1 ) 2
, ( n > 0 , mpar )
n
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 142
C A0 ( 2n 1 )2 2 D AB .t ( 2n 1 )x
C A( t , x ) = + C2 n1 exp
. cos
2 L2 L
n =1
2C A0 ( 1 )n 1
C2 n 1 = ( n = 1,2 ,3 ,...)
( 2n 1 )
J.L. de Medeiros & Oflia Q.F. Arajo 143