DEFINITION OF ABDOMEN
A region of the body bounded by
the following regions:-
Superiorly thorax
Inferiorly pelvis/perineum
Posteroinferiorly back
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SKIN FASCIA
Loosely attaches to the (L. panniculi apron)
superficial fascia, except at the
umbilicus. Composed of fatty tissues and
fibrous connective tissue
Varies in texture - wrinkle,
rough, smooth, scars. Divided into two layers
(1) Superficial
Thin in front and thick at the (2) Deep covers abdominal
back muscles
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Inferior to umbilicus
Reinforced by collagen and
elastic fibers
Thus 2 layers
(1) Superficial fatty layer
(Campers fascia)
Same elsewhere
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O: external surfaces of 5th 12th ribs O: thoracolumbar fascia, ant 2/3 of iliac crest, lat 1/3 of inguinal ligament.
I: linea alba, pubic tubercle, ant of iliac crest I: inferior borders of 10th 12th ribs, linea alba, pecten pubis, conjoint tendon.
N: thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11 spinal nerves), subcostal nerve. N: thoracoabdominal nerves (T6-T12 spinal nerves), L1 nerve
A: compresses the abdomen to provide support for abdominal organs. A: compresses and supports abdominal viscera
O: thoracolumbar fascia, internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages, iliac crest, O: pubic symphysis & pubic crest
lat 1/3 of inguinal ligament. I: xiphoid process & 5th-7th costal cartilages
I: linea alba, pubic crest, pecten pubis, conjoint tendon. N: thoracoabdominal nerves (T6-T12 spinal nerves)
N: thoracoabdominal nerves (T6-T12 anterior rami of spinal nerves), L1 nerve A: flexes trunk, compresses and supports abdominal organs, prevents pelvic
A: compresses and supports abdominal viscera tilting
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Dense connective tissue layer , devoid of fat, that covers the muscles
and their aponeurosis.
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Splitting of internal oblique, Posterior wall ends slightly below the umbilicus arcuate line of
lateral to rectus abdominis Douglas.
semilunar line.
The rectus abdominis is covered by the transversalis fascia posteriorly.
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NERVES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL VESSELS OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL
VEINS & LYMPHATICS OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL FUNCTIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
Form a strong expandible
(1) Subcutaneous venous plexus
support for the wall
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