UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CAJAMARCA

Norte De La Universidad Peruana

INGENIERIA CIVIL

CURSO : ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES.

TEMA : SOLUCION DEL SEGUNDO EXAMEN.

CICLO : IV.

DOCENTE : LIC. ELADIO SANCHEZ CULQUI.

INTEGRANTES :

BARRANTES TROYES, CYNTHIA MARILI.

CORTEZ DIAZ LUCERO DEL ROCIO.

Jan Per
2015
 SOLUCION DEL EXAMEN DE ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES

1) Determinar la solucin general de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales:

a) + = ( + ) + () + ()

Polinomio caracterstico:

() = 3 2 2 5 + 6 = 0
() = ( 1)( 3)( + 2)
Donde: 1 = 1; 2 = 3; 3 = 2

Solucin complementaria:
= 1 + 2 3 + 3 2

Solucin particular:
= ( 2 + 1)2 + (2) + cos(3)

= 4 + 2 2 + 1 + (2) + cos(3)

= 4 + 2 2 + + Dcos(3) + (2)

= 4 4 + 2 2 4 2 3D sen(3t) + 2(2)

= 16 4 8 2 + 8 2 9D cos(3t) 4(2)

= 64 4 + 24 2 16 2 + 27D sen(3t) 8(2)

64 4 + 24 2 16 2 + 27D sen(3t) 8(2)

2[16 4 8 2 + 8 2 9D cos(3t) 4(2)]
5[4 4 + 2 2 4 2 3D sen(3t) + 2(2)] +
6[ 4 + 2 2 + + Dcos(3) + (2)] = 4 + 2 2 + 1 +
(2) + cos(3)
6 = 1
1
=
6

64 32 + 20 + 6 = 1
1
=
70

24 + 16 10 = 2
1
=
15

8 + 6 = 1
1
=
14

18 + 6 = 1
 1
=
24

1 2 1 1 1
= 70 4 + 15 2 + 6 + 24 cos(3) + 14 (2)
= +
1 4 2 1 1 1
= 1 + 2 3 + 3 2 + 2 + cos(3) + (2) +
70 15 24 14 6

b) ( ) + =

Hacemos cambio de variable:

1 =
2
= 2 [ ]
2
3 2
3
= [ 3 3 2 +2 ]

Reemplazando:
1
( 1) + 2 =
2 2
3
2
2
. 3 [ 3 3 2 + 2 ] + 2 2 [ 2 ] = 2( +1)2

3 2 2 3
3 + 2 + 2 2 =
3 2 2 2( + 1)2
3 2 3
=
3 2 2( + 1)2
Polinomio caracterstico:
() = 3 2 = 0
( 1)( + 1) = 0
1 = 0; 2 = 1; 3 = 1

Solucin complementaria:
= 1 + 2 + 3

Para :
3 1 (2 + 1)
= ( )
2( + 1)2 2 2 + 2 + 1
1 2 1
= [ ( )]
2 ( + 1) ( + 1)2
1 1
= +
2 + 1 ( + 1)2

Para 2 : =
1 1
Para +1: = +1
1 1
Para ( +1)2: = ( +1)2
 1 1
= + + (
+1 +1)2
= +
1 1
= 1 + 2 + 3 + + +1 + ( +1)2

2. Determinar la solucin general de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales:

+
) + =

:
Dando forma:
2 + 2 = 2 1 + 2 4 3 6 4
Hallando :

() = 3 2 2 + 2 = 0

1 -2 -1 2
r=1 -1 -1 -2
1 -1 -2 0

( 1)( 2 2) = 0
( 1)( 2)( + 1) = 0

1 = 1 ; 2 = 1 ; 3 = 2

= 1 + 2 + 3 2

Hallando :

= 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

= 2 23 3 4 4 5

= 2 3 + 64 + 12 5 + 20 6

= 6 4 245 60 6 120 7

Reemplazando en la ecuacin diferencial e igualando:

2 + 2 = 2 1 + 2 4 3 6 4

6 4 245 60 6 120 7 2(2 3 + 64 + 12 5 + 20 6 )

( 2 23 3 4 4 5 ) + 2( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 )
= 2 1 + 2 4 3 6 4
 2 = 2 + 2 = 1 4 + 2 + 2 = 4 6 12 + 3 + 2 = 6
=1 =0 =0 =0

= 1

1
= + = 1 + 2 + 3 2 +

b) = + ( + )
:
Hallando :

() = 2 1 = 0

1 = 1 ; 2 = 1
= 1 + 2

Hallando :

= ( + ) + ( + ) + + ( 2 + + )

= [ ( + )] + [ + ( + ) ]
+ [ + ] + [ (3 2 + 2 + ) + ( 3 + 2 + ) ]

= { [ + ( + )] } + {
+ [ + ( + ) ] + [ + + ]
+ [ (6 + 2) + (3 2 + 2 + )
+ ( 3 + 2 + ) ]

= { 2
( + ) cos }
+ { 3 cos ( + ) } + { 2 + } + { 3 2
+ (6 + 2) + ( + 2 )}
+ { 3 + 2 (3 + ) + (2 + ) + }
Reemplazar e igualar:

= + (1 + 2 )

= +