Biblical
Hebrew
Joel 2:30
(3:3)
Grammar
%
Basics
You are free to copy this material
without alteration, as often as you like,
provided you
give it away for free & do not to sell it.
:*
Yeshua said in Matthew 10:8,
freely give
Note: Each slide will be introduced with the slide number for those who want to follow the audio with the PDF printout on DVD.
Introduction
Why Learn Hebrew now?
For the Glory of Yeshua HaMashiach Ha
Ben Elohim. He is the Word after all.
For the equipping of the Kadoshim (saints).
For the raising up of the remnant of the ten
tribes of the Lost House of Israel.
Introduction.
Lessons
Lessons & Lesson Structure.
Prologue. (Free Study Aids).
1.
8 Aleph-Bet, Vowels, Verb Roots, Maqqef
2. Gender, Plurals, Duals, Numbers
3.
L Def. Article, Conjunction, Prepositions
E Direct Object, Person, Pronouns
4.
S
5.
S Questions, Pronominal Suffix
6.
O Qal Perfect, Vav Relative
7.
N Qal Imperfect, Vol., Infin., Participle, Vocab.
S Verbal Stems, Weak Verbs
8.
Books & Websites.
Epilogue (What Now).
Lessons Lessons
Lesson Structure
On the DVD videos each Lesson is divided in half, with a talk in between.
Part 1 of Lesson.
Talk about various issues.
Practical information about what to do during the
turmoil of World War 3 and the regathering of the
Lost Tribes.
Biblical History regarding the Lost Tribes.
Biblical Prophecy to be fulfilled during the
regathering of the Lost Tribes.
Biblical Prophecy about the more distant future.
Torah from a Biblical Prophecy Perspective.
Part 2 of Lesson.
Each lesson has a list of exercises from two popular textbooks.
Lessons
Prologue
Lessons
Free Biblical Hebrew Grammar Course DVD's
10losttribes.com
Yes! This Course!
8 Video Lessons on
8 DVD Video Disks
Each Lesson has Adobe PDF
& mp3 Audio
Yeshua said,
Freely
you have received,
freely give
Matthew 10:8 Remember, Yeshua became
poor that we could be rich.
Free Biblical Hebrew DVD & CD's
Audio - Hebrew Tenach (Old Testament) as mp3's (also available as a CD see next slide)
Books - Hebrew Grammar books
Cue Cards & Word Lists - for printing out and learning Hebrew letters and words
Hebrew Blessings - rabbinical or Messianic Prayers for those that way inclined
Software - freeware bible and hebrew learning programs(mostly for Windows PC's)
Videos - free videos for learning hebrew downloaded from 'YouTube' website etc
Free Hebrew Bible (TNK) Audio CD
Audio MP3 CD
Hebrew Tenach
(Old Testament) as mp3's
Davar 3
www.davar3.net
Hebrew, English & Greek
scripture bible program.
Flash Cards
crosswire.org
Hebrew and Greek words with Multiple choice answers
-may require free Java software installed
Bible Programs
Davar 3
www.davar3.net
Hebrew and English and Greek scripture bible program.
Cue Cards Has audio of Ecclesiastes synchronised to text, more can be
www.wadeb.com/cuecard downloaded, read the help for instructions once installed.
This free software program combined with Hebrew ISA Interlinear Scripture Analyser
words and their audio pronunciation enables you to www.scripture4all.org
quickly master the pronunciation of the various Hebrew and English and Greek scripture bible program.
Hebrew words and their vowels.
e-Sword Bible Software
www.e-sword.net
Hebrew and English and Greek scripture bible program.
Prologue
The End
Free Study Aids
8 DVD Hebrew Grammar Videos
Software & other Videos DVD & CD
Hebrew Bible (TNK) Audio CD
Software - Hebrew Cue Cards CD
We are now ready to begin the first of 8 Lessons.
Further Notes
At the end of Lesson 8 there is a list of useful Hebrew Books
that you can purchase online. These include;
Hebrew-English Interlinear Bibles,
Dictionaries
Biblical Hebrew Text books and exercise workbooks.
There is also a list of websites for learning Hebrew.
Lessons
The End
of Prologue
Part 1 Lesson 1 part 1
Aleph-Bet
BeGeD KeFaT ( ) Letters
Final Forms
Part 2
Vowels
Verb Roots
Sheva, Maqqef & Full Stop (Period)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON I Section 1: The Basics of Hebrew writing
LESSON II 1. The Hebrew Alphabet
LESSON III 2. The Hebrew Vowels
3. Syllabification and Pronunciation
Lessons
Hebrew Aleph-Bet 1
How to How to
Letter Name Pronunciation Letter Name Pronunciation
write it write it
t as in toy
th as in thin 2. A dot in a BeGeD KeFaT letter will be
a dagesh lene whenever that letter is not
immediately preceded by a vowel.
The dot is called a Dagesh Lene.
Lene 3. A dot in a BeGeD KeFaT letter will be
/ a dagesh forte whenever that letter 14
- (verb) to stress, emphasize is immediately preceded by a vowel.
Letters with Final Forms 1
There are 5 letters that are written differently when at the end of a word.
These are called, Final Forms
called
Vowels
Verb Roots
Sheva, Maqqef & Full Stop
(Period)
17
Gardening
Independence
Come out of Babylon I don't care
Follow Yeshua
what the
Study and keep His word
economy is
Learn Hebrew & Torah
Dig a garden
doing,
Share
or,
Natural Disasters,
Pestilence, Terrorism,
NWO, World War 3,
Famine, Aliens.
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON I Section 1: The Basics of Hebrew writing
LESSON II 1. The Hebrew Alphabet
LESSON III 2. The Hebrew Vowels
3. Syllabification and Pronunciation
Lessons
Vowels a e i o u
Unchangeable
Long
Seghol Yod
a as in My e as in They i as in Marine o as in Row u as in Rule
3 letter verb root
means 'word'
means 'they will speak' 21
Practice with Vowels 1
Melek
King Yam
Sea
Yom
Day Kodesh
Holy
Shamayim
Heaven Makom
Place
Navi
Prophet Sadeh
Field
Mizbeach
Altar Mayim
Water
22
Sheva, Maqqef, Full Stop (Period) 1
Sheva
Two vertical dots under a letter is called a Sheva,
Sheva
A Sheva denotes either;
the end of a syllable (called a Silent Sheva) e.g. vaYav - del
or a short 'eh' sound (called a Vocal Sheva). e.g. veHaAretz
Maqqef W Y
Horizontal line, like a Hyphen and used in a similar way.
Can also mean 'of'. i.e. House of Israel Exodus 16:31
Genesis 1:1
Completed
Part 1 Lesson 1
Aleph-Bet
BeGeD KeFaT ( ) Letters
Final Forms
The Aleph Bet Song
Part 2
Vowels
Verb Roots
Sheva, Maqqef & Full Stop (Period)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON I Section 1: The Basics of Hebrew writing
LESSON II 1. The Hebrew Alphabet
LESSON III 2. The Hebrew Vowels
3. Syllabification and Pronunciation
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 1
Lesson 2 part 1
Part 1 Part 2
Gender Numbers
Plurals Cardinals & Ordinals
Duals Days of the Week & Months
Adjectives Numeric values of letters
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON VII Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON VIII and Nominals
LESSON XIII 4. Hebrew Nouns
7. Hebrew Adjectives
11. Hebrew Numbers
Lessons
Gender 2
In Hebrew, unlike English, words / things / nouns have gender,
masculine or feminine.
Feminine nouns can be identified because they have a tacked on the end of them.
(There are some exceptions to this general rule.)
king queen
prophet prophetess
horse mare
26
Nouns - Plurals 2
In English if we want to say more than one of something we put an 's'
at the end of the word, this is called a plural.
For example,
singular plural
House Houses
Book becomes Books
Law Laws
In Hebrew there two letters that are added to the end of the word to signify a plural.
And there are two types of plural endings,
one called Masculine and another called Feminine.
Masculine plural endings, have the letters added to the noun (word for name or thing).
Feminine plural endings, have the letters added to the noun (word for name or thing).
27
Let's look at some examples...
Nouns - Plurals Gender: Masculine 2
Masculine plural endings, have the letters added to the noun (word for name or thing).
singular noun plural noun
horse horses
song songs
word words
book books
king kings
man D men
people peoples
statute % statutes
son sons
28
cloud D clouds
Nouns - Plurals Gender: Feminine 2
Feminine plural endings, have the letters added to the noun (word for name or thing).
singular noun plural noun
mare mares
law laws
comman
dment command
ments
spirit spirits
mother mothers
daughter daughters
soul souls
father fathers
29
D dream D dreams
Summary of Noun Endings 2
Let's summarise what we have just seen regarding Noun Endings.
Singular
Plural
There are exceptions to these rules, for instance the Masculine singular word for
Hebrew adjectives have the same plural and gender as the noun they are describing.
(Except for irregular plurals)
irregular
a good woman
plurals
irreg. pl
Part 1 Part 2
Gender Numbers
Plurals Cardinals & Ordinals
Duals Days of the Week & Months
Adjectives Numeric values of letters
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON VII Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON VIII and Nominals
LESSON XIII 4. Hebrew Nouns
7. Hebrew Adjectives
11. Hebrew Numbers
Lessons
)Numbers Cardinals (1-10) & Ordinals (1st-10th 2
Numbers like everything else in Hebrew occur as Masculine & Feminine.
)Cardinals (1 ,2 ,3 etc )Ordinals (1st ,2nd ,3rd etc
Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine
1 1st
2 2nd
3 3rd
4 4th
5 5th
6 6th
7 7th
8 8th
9 9th
10 10th 36
Numbers Days of the Week 2
2nd MON
second day Gen 1:8
4th WED
fourth day Gen 1:19
5th D THUR
D fifth day Gen 1:23
7 th SAT
on the seventh day Gen 2:2
Shabbat
(rested)
37
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19 38
Numbers - Months 2
1st Nissan Neh 2:1, Est 3:7
2nd Iyyar
3rd Sivan Est 8:9
4th Tammuz
5th D Av
6th Elul Neh 6:15
7th Tishrei
8th Cheshvan
9th Kislev Zec 7:1, Neh 1:1
13th Adar 2 39
Numbers - Cardinals 20-99 2
The Hebrew word for 20 is simply the plural of the word for 10, , that is,
The words for 30, 40, 50 etc to 90 are simply the plural forms of 3, 4, 5 etc to 9.
That is, we add to them.
20
Numbers between 20 & 30 etc are stated as
20 & 1 for 21 or 20 & 2 for 22 and so forth.
30 Examples
40 = 21 (lit. 20 & 1)
50
or
60
70 = 22 (lit. 20 & 2)
80 = 48 (lit. 40 & 8)
90 Joshua 21:41
40
Numbers - Cardinals Hundreds & Thousands 2
Hundreds Thousands
100 1,000
200 Dual 2,000 Dual
300 3,000
Revelation 13:18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number 42
of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.
Completed
Lesson 2
Part 1 Part 2
Gender Numbers
Plurals Cardinals & Ordinals
Duals Days of the Week & Months
Adjectives Numeric values of letters
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON VII Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON VIII and Nominals
LESSON XIII 4. Hebrew Nouns
7. Hebrew Adjectives
11. Hebrew Numbers
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 2
Lesson 3 - part 1
Part 1 Part 2
Special Letters in front of Prepositions
Words in, by, with
Definite Article 'the' as, like,
Conjunction 'and' according to
to, for, at
from
that / which
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON V Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON VI and Nominals
5. Definite Article and Conjunction Waw
6. Hebrew Prepositions
Lessons
Special letters in front of Words 3
the There are a number of letters that when added to the start of a
word modify its meaning as follows...
and, but
Word + Modifying letter = Modified meaning
in, on,
by, with In English when we want to say 'the boys' we have a separate word,
THE, which we add to the word BOYS, i.e., The boys.
to, for
In Hebrew we don't have a separate word, THE.
We simply have a letter that we add,
Word + Modifying letter = Modified meaning
like, as,
according to
+ =
from
boys the the boys
that,
which We will look at these in detail. 45
Special letters in front of Words 3
the The Definite Article '( the')
plurals
47
Special letters in front of Words 3
The Conjunction '( and' or 'but')
and, but
Note
Before , or it is spelled with Shureq
+ = and a king
+ = and Pharaoh
+ = and Samuel
48
Special letters in front of Words 3
The Conjunction '( and' or 'but')
The Vav with short vowels and qamets
D or ) *it is spelled
Before Hateph vowels (short vowels e.g.
or )
with the corresponding short vowel ( e.g.
D + = D and men
*+ = * and truth
+ = and sheep
+ = and bread
49
Special letters in front of Words 3
The Conjunction '( and' or 'but')
and, but Summary
Basic Form
Before
Before Vocal Shewa
Before Hateph Vowels / D
Before Monosyllabic
50
o n e!
D
Have a Cool Refreshing Break !
Weelll
...You Deserve It !!!
Lessons
Special letters in front of Words 3
The Preposition '( in', 'on', 'by' or 'with')
Word + Modifying letter = Modified meaning
in, on,
by, with
a field + = in a field
a truth * + = * in truth
a temple + = in a temple
like, as,
according to
) gets absorbed when is added.
The Definite article ( 'the'
from a king
also mean 'of'. i.e.House of Israel
Exodus 16:31
because I
that,
which
58
Special letters in front of Words - Example Texts 3
the * :
Genesis 1:1
and, but * D
in, on,
by, with - - -:
Genesis 1:26
to, for * -
D D
like, as,
according to -:
Genesis 1:7
from
D D -
that,
which D - - :59
Song 3:4
Completed Lesson 3
Part 1 Part 2
Special Letters in front of Prepositions
Words in, by, with
Definite Article 'the' as, like,
Conjunction 'and' according to
to, for, at
from
that / which
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON V Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON VI and Nominals
5. Definite Article and Conjunction Waw
6. Hebrew Prepositions
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 3
Part 1
Lesson 4 - part 1
Sign of the Direct Object -
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Pronouns
Independent Personal Pronouns
(I, thou, you, he, she, we, they)
Part 2
Demonstrative Pronouns
(this, that, these, those)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
Lessons
The Sign of the Direct Object - 4
22 66 books Verb
Hebrew
letters
= 22 x 3 *
Noun Noun
:
Genesis 1:1
MOVIE > Dr Larry Ollison - Aleph & Tav So the is the agent of creation,
Yochanan puts it this way, John 1:1 the Word ( ) of God.
62
Examples of Unclean Food 4
Verb Leviticus 11:4-7
D
4
Noun
)(thing
D
i
D
5
D
6
D
7
Verb (doing word) in red, eg
i
that points to the followed by the
63
Noun (thing) in red, e.g.
Examples of Raising the Tabernacle - 4
Exodus 40:1-5
)Noun (thing Verb
D
%
D
D %
Verb (doing word) in red, eg
followed by the that points to the
nd
You 2 person (You, Thou)
You
... addresses the subject of the verb
You did You (pl) did
(Thou) You know You (pl) know
You went You (pl) went
rd
She
He 3 person (He, She, They) They
talks or writes about the subject of
the verb
He did They did
He went They went
65
She went
Examples of this 'Person' terminology is on the following slide >>>
Independent Personal Pronouns (I, thou, you, he, she, we, they) 4
person
gender s i n g u l a r p l u r a l
1st
common
,D I
1cs D We
1cp
Thou
2nd
masculine (You) You
2mp
2ms
2nd
feminine Thou , You
(You)
2fs 2fp
3rd
masculine
He
3ms
, They
3mp
66
1st Person = I (s), We (p) 2nd Person = Thou (s), You (s/p) 3rd Person =He, She, They (p)
Independent Personal Pronouns (I, thou, you, he, she, we, they) 4
examples
Learn these words 1cs
D I am Yahweh (the Lord).
3ms
He is a righteous prophet.
2ms
You are a good king.
1cp
D We are brothers
2fs
D She is a wise woman.
2mp
You are in the great city.
3fp
For they [fp] are holy (Ezk 42:14)
1cs
D And I heard about you (Gn 41:15)
1cs
D I am YHWH that healeth thee. (Ex 15:26)
2mp
When you cross the Jordan (Nu 33:51)
3ms
* YHWH [he] is [the] God (1 Kg 18:39)
3fs
now she had not known a man (Jg 11:39)
68
o n e!
D
Have a Cool Refreshing Break !
Weelll
...You Deserve It !!!
Demonstrative Pronouns
(this, that, these, those)
69
Church History
& the
10 Lost Tribes
of Israel
I I
W.
W
I
. & the Return
of the
Lost Tribes
i
W W q
Y
t tu tW
W Wt t
Y t tu
x
)Joel 2:30 (3:3
Y t W t tY
% Wt W W t
{ t Y
*: Y
)Hosea 2:23 (25 Jeremiah 23:7-8
Part 1
Lesson 4 - part 2
Sign of the Direct Object -
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Pronouns
Independent Personal Pronouns
(I, thou, you, he, she, we, they)
Part 2
Demonstrative Pronouns
(this, that, these, those)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
Lessons
Demonstrative Pronouns (this, that, these, those) 4
singular plural
masc that
lit. he
ms , those mp
fem that
lit. she
fs , those fp
73
Demonstrative Adjectives (this, that, these, those) 4
Hebrew demonstratives may be used either as
adjectives or as pronouns.
Demonstrative Adjectives follow (listed after) the noun while Demonstrative
Pronouns precede (listed before) the noun.
Demonstrative Adjectives
follow the noun and agree in
gender, number and definiteness
examples (has 'the' in front).
ms [the] this man
mp
After these things (Gn 15:1)
fs
D and the gold of that land is good (Gn 2:12)
75
Demonstrative Pronouns (this, that, these, those) 4
Now lets look at Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative precede the noun and agree
Pronouns... in gender and number but not
definiteness (does not have
examples
the - 'the' in front).
ms
That [lit. he] is the man.
mp
D These are the good men.
fs
That [lit. she] is the woman.
fp
Those are the good women.
ms
D This is the thing (word) which the
LORD hath commanded. (Nm 30:1(2)) 76
Demonstrative Pronouns (this, that, these, those) 4
Examples from scripture Demonstrative Pronouns
ms
This is the (lit. 'a') book of the generations
of Adam. (Gn 5:1)
fs ms
This is not the way, nor is this the city
(2 Kgs 6:19)
fs
This is the land (Nu 34:2)
fs
D This is now bone of my bones, (Gn 2:23)
fs
D that [ she ] is the well whereof the LORD
spake (Nm 21:16)
fs
That [ she ] is the great city (Gn 10:12)
mp
These are the names (Ex 1:1)
mp
that [lit. those] is the water of
Meribah in Kadesh (Nu 27:14)
77
Completed
Part 1 Lesson 4
Sign of the Direct Object -
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Pronouns
Independent Personal Pronouns
(I, thou, you, he, she, we, they)
Part 2
Demonstrative Pronouns
(this, that, these, those)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 4
Lesson 5 part 1
Part 1 Part 2
Questions Pronominal Suffixes
Yes / No More examples
What Blessings
Who
Pronominal Suffixes
Masculine
Feminine
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON XIII and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
9. Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes
Lessons
Questions 5
The question mark
A question with a yes or no type answer in Biblical Hebrew is denoted by putting a
Heh, in front of the sentence.
What
What is your name?
Gn 32:27(28)
Who
who art thou, my son?
Gn 27:18
Elohim ( God ) *
Elohainu ( our God )
The LORD our God spake unto us (Dt 1:6)
mitzvah ( commandment )
mitzvot
( commandments )
mitzvotav ( his commandments ) and keep his commandments (Dt 5:10)
ben ( son )
benei ( sons )
banekah ( thy sons )
thou, and thy sons, and thy wife (Gn 6:18)
ishah ( wife ) 81
You may wish to print this table out for handy reference.
1cs my / me
1cp our / us
3mp
1cp our / us
3ms
in their lands (Gn 10:5)
continue with...
Pronominal Suffixes
86
Edom's
New World Order
the
Serpent's Seed
W
Lesson 5 part 2
Part 1 Part 2
Questions Pronominal Suffixes
Yes / No More examples
What Blessings
Who
Pronominal Suffixes
Masculine
Feminine
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON XIII and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
9. Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes
Lessons
Pronominal Suffixes 5
More examples from scripture
2fs you with you me, you, him, her, us, them.
This perhaps hints at the fact that if
3ms him with him we are in Yeshua then we become
one with Him as He is one with the
father, which is what he prayed for to
3fs her with her the father before his crucifixion on on
the cross.
1cp us with us And now I am no more in the
world, but these are in the
2mp you with you world, and I come to thee.
24 your / you
% 25 his / him
26 my / me
peace to and he to you faces Yahweh he shall
you shall put of him lift
D D your / you
D 27
Bread + Wine
our
Bread
,
.
"Blessed are you, YHVH, our God, King of the
universe, who brings forth bread from the earth."
Wine
,
.
"Blessed are You, YHVH, our God, King of the
universe, who creates the fruit of the vine." 94
Pronominal Suffixes - Blessings 5
Blessing for
Lighting Shabbat Candles
Rabbinic
,
. ,
"Blessed are you, YHVH, our God, King of the universe, who sanctified us
with his commandments and commanded us to kindle the sabbath candles."
our Messianic
his
him
/
,
,
.
"Blessed are You, YHVH, our God, King of the universe, who sanctified
us with his commandments, and commanded us to be a light to the 95
nations and who gave to us Yeshua our Messiah the light of the world."
Pronominal Suffixes - Blessings 5
Blessing for
Reading Torah
Before Reading Torah
,
.
.
"Blessed are you, YHVH, our God, King of the universe, who chose us from all the
peoples and gave to us His Torah. Blessed are You, YHVH, giver of the Torah."
our After Reading Torah
his
him
/ ,
. *
.
"Blessed are You, YHVH, our God, King of the universe, who gave us the Torah96of
truth and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are you YHVH giver of the Torah."
Completed
Lesson 5
Part 1 Part 2
Questions Pronominal Suffixes
Yes / No More examples
What Blessings
Who
Pronominal Suffixes
Masculine
Feminine
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON IX Section 2: The Basics of Hebrew Nouns
LESSON XIII and Nominals
8. Hebrew Pronouns
9. Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 5
Lesson 6 part 1
Part 1
Qal Perfect (Past Tense)
Part 2
Vav Relative
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XII Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew
Verbs and the Qal Stem
13. Qal Perfect Strong Verbs
17. Waw Consecutive
Lessons
Qal Perfect 'past tense' completed action 6
In the previous Lesson (5) on Pronominal Suffixes we learnt that in Hebrew we can add
some letters to the end of a noun (name or thing). These letters at the end are called suffix.
For example,
Well a similar thing is done with verbs (doing words) -we add a suffix to the verb.
But instead of who something belongs to we are interested in who has done (verb) something.
For example,
If I want to say he guarded, I would write, . (all three letter verb roots are 'past tense')
If I want to say she guarded then I add a Heh, to becoming ( she guarded).
Similarly,
If I want to say you guarded then I add a Tav, to becoming ( you guarded).
Or,
If I want to say I guarded then I add a Tav-Yod, to becoming (I guarded).
99
These suffixes can be written in a table as follows...
Qal Perfect 'past tense' completed action 6
singular
Here is a table of all the suffixes that we add to the
verb, in this example for the verb he guarded
3ms he guarded
There are singular verb forms and plurals. 3fs she guarded
The suffixes shown here are for what is called the
Qal Perfect of the Strong Verb. 2ms you guarded
(to a man)
The word Qal means light (not heavy) &
denotes the type of verb,
what letters and vowels it uses.
2fs you guarded
(to a woman)
We will only use Qal strong verbs and
tables in the examples here.
1cs I guarded
But;
It can mean 'present tense', depending on the context.
2mp you guarded
(to men)
And;
It can be changed to a future tense word by adding
2fp you guarded
(to women)
an 'and'
and (using the letter vav)
vav to the beginning.
(We will look at this later).
1cp we guarded
100
2fs *
you guarded
(to a woman) the fire of God [she] is fallen
2ms
* thou servedst not YHWH thy
God with joyfulness (Dt 28:47)
2fs
Nay; but thou didst laugh
(Gn 18:15) - Angel to Sarah
1cs with all my power
D I have served
your father. (Gn 31:6)
101
More
Qal Perfect 'past tense' 6
plural examples
3cp they
guarded
3cp
the sons of Israel [they]
you walked (Jos 5:6)
2mp guarded
3cp
(to men)
you
but the sons of Israel [they] did
2fp guarded
(to women)
not remember YHWH (Jg 8:34)
2mp
1cp we
guarded ye have taken my silver and my
gold (Joel 3:5)
2mp
and ye would not hear
(Gn 42:22)
2fp
And ye know that with all my
power
1cs
D I have served your father. (Gn
31:6) - Jacob speaks to his wives
1cp
We have found water.
(Gn 26:32)
102
o n e!
D
Have a Cool Refreshing Break !
Weelll
...You Deserve It !!!
continue with...
The Vav Consecutive (Relative)
& Time
The Vav Consecutive
& The Qal Perfect
103
The Rise & Fall
of
Babylon
Daniel 2:43
YY tu Y
~ Y xY Y
Y
tu W Y Y
Babylon
&
Star Trek
Lesson 6 part 2
Part 1
Qal Perfect (Past Tense)
Part 2
Vav Relative
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XII Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew
Verbs and the Qal Stem
13. Qal Perfect Strong Verbs
17. Waw Consecutive
Lessons
Vav Relative (Consecutive) - 6
Strangely, in biblical Hebrew if we write the letter Vav, , for 'and' at the
beginning of a verb it will change from 'past tense' to 'future tense'.
This property of the Vav is called the Vav Consecutive or Vav Relative.
This is why the Qal Perfect is called a perfect and not just a past tense verb.
- It is usually a past tense verb,
- but when a vav, , (meaning 'and' or 'but') is added the verb becomes a 'future tense' verb.
This may seem quite illogical to a western minded person.
But it has deep meaning in the Word of God, and we will look at this shortly.
For now, let's just see a few examples.
the beginning and the ending,
saith the Lord,
the Almighty.
And he can take his servants the bible prophets and show them things in the future!!!
shall stand, and I will do all
So the end, , is in the beginning
W. my pleasure: Isaiah 46:9-10
*W PAST
PRESENT
:
Genesis 1:1 FUTURE
The events of the book of Revelation are heading towards the events of Genesis W
.
There, in the beginning, W , the Heavens & Earth were created, later Babel was built,
then it was destroyed (Rev. 18) and a New Heaven and Earth is created (Rev. 21).
i.e. we have come full circle. Yahweh's will is finally done on earth as it is in Heaven.
Therefore,
111
we should not at all be surprised that the vav, , that connects the Heaven & ( ) Earth when put at
the beginning of a verb changes a verbs tense from last to first, from past to future (or future to past!).
The Vav , that Connects Heaven & Earth 6
*
: t W YY W
Genesis 1:1
of God.
('Mary'). He existed inunderstanding
heaven and often count
. Let
8:58) himHe
Before that hath
was
The First Aleph Tav relates the creator to the heavens and so = Son of God
Note - In Biblical Hebrew two different words spelt with the same letters but in a different order have a related meaning.
*
:
t W YY W
Genesis 1:1
Now the Sabbath reminds us that Yahweh is creator and it is related to the word, sign,
i D i
i
t Y Y
Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath
throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.
It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made
heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed. (Ex 31:17)
& is also related to the Sabbath and thus to time!, through the presence of the Vav, in the .
Vav Consecutive/Relative - - examples with Qal Perfect 6
I have perhaps given you a taste of the unusual nature of the Hebrew Grammar in relationship
to time. Now that you can begin to see the otherworldliness and heavenly dimension of the
word of God in Hebrew, let's get back down to earth and look at some more examples of the
Vav Consecutive changing the Qal Perfect 'past tense' verb into the 'future tense'.
3ms
Note:
often the Vav and [ he shall ] say unto the
woman (Nm 5:19)
changes the 2ms
'past tense'
to the D Then thou shalt say, They be thy
servant Jacob's (Gn 32:18 (19) )
'present
1cs
tense'
also.
-
and I will say to them which were
not my people (Hos 2:23 (25) )
3cp
- it is easy to
tell by the that [and] they shall say,
This is his wife (Gn 12:12)
context.
2mp
D D D and [you shall] say unto them,
we are your servants (Jos 9:11)
1cp
D and we will say, Some evil beast
hath devoured him: (Gn 37:20)
You will come across the Vav Consecutive,, on almost every verse so it is important,
and it can be confusing when first learning the perfect and imperfect verb forms. 114
The Next lesson (7) will be about 'future tense' words using the Qal Imperfect
(They are changed to 'past tense' verbs using the Vav Consecutive.)
Completed
Lesson 6
Part 1
Qal Perfect (Past Tense)
Part 2
Vav Relative
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XII Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew
Verbs and the Qal Stem
13. Qal Perfect Strong Verbs
17. Waw Consecutive
Lessons
The End
of Lesson 6
Lesson 7 part 1
Part 1 Part 2
Qal Imperfect Volitives
(Future Tense) Imperative
Cohortive
Jussive
Infinitive
Participle
Vocabulary
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XV Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew Verbs
LESSON XVI (just the Vav Consecutive) and the Qal Stem
LESSON XIX 15. Qal Imperfect Strong Verbs
20. Qal Infinitive Construct
21. Qal Infinitive Absolute
22. Qal Participle
Lessons
Qal Imperfect 'future tense' 7
Remember the Qal Perfect 'past tenses' that were
in the last lesson had suffixes attached to the ends
3ms
he
hewill
guarded
guard
2fp
opposite occurs, the 'future tense' is changed to a (to women)
'past tense' completed action or 'present tense' etc.
Again, practice makes perfect. You should be
1cp
we
wewill
guarded
guard
reading the word slowly and painstakingly. 117
2ms
YHWH, thou wilt ordain peace
for us: (Is 26:12)
2fs
% Rejoice not thou [fem], whole
Palestina, (Is 14:29)
1cs
I will require it of him.
(Dt 18:19)
1cs
D I will not rule over you 118
(Jdg 8:23)
Qal Imperfect 'future tense' 7
3mp they will
guard
3mp plural examples
neither shall they wear a
3fp they will
guard rough garment (Zec 13:4)
3fs
And she said unto him, I am the
daughter of Bethuel (Gn 24:24)
2ms
q *
and thou hast said, I am a God, I
sit in the seat of God (Ezk 28:2)
2fs
* and thou saidst, I will not
transgress (Jr 2:20)
1cs
D And I said unto my master,
(Gn 24:39)
You will come across the Vav Consecutive,, on almost every verse so it is important,
120
and it can be confusing when first learning the perfect and imperfect verb forms.
Vav Consecutive/Relative - - with Qal Imperfect 7
3mp they will
guard
Here are some plural examples of the Vav with the Qal
Imperfect verb, changing it from future tense to past
tense.
3fp
they will
guard
3mp
And all the people shouted, & [they]
said, God save the king. (1Sa 10:24)
3fp
E D and they said, Is this
Naomi? (Ruth 1:19)
1cp
D And we said unto my lord, We have
a father, an old man, (Gn 44:20)
2mp
r and ye have said unto him
(1Sa 10:19)
You will come across the Vav Consecutive,, on almost every verse so it is important,
121
and it can be confusing when first learning the perfect and imperfect verb forms.
Comparison of Qal Perfect & Imperfect 7
Qal Perfect 'past tense' Qal Imperfect 'future tense'
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference.
3ms he guarded 3ms he will guard
2fs
you guarded
(to a woman) 2fs you will guard
(to a woman)
122
1cp we guarded 1cp we will guard
o n e!
D
Have a Cool Refreshing Break !
Weelll
...You Deserve It !!!
So Volitives express the will of the speaker. (The word Volitive comes from the
Latin volo to will and it is related to the English word volition = will)
Hebrew has three volitives:
Imperative: volitive of the 2nd person,
for example, Listen!
We will look at
Cohortative: volitive of the 1st person, these in a little
for example, Let me listen! more detail in the
Jussive: volitive of the 3rd person,
for example, Let him listen! next 3 slides.
Don't get too bogged down with the following slides.
It's really just for your information.
Just be aware that Hebrew grammarians have a special classification for everything.
And in this case when you want to express a wish for someone to do something, the
verbs have a certain form. It's not actually that necessary for you to remember all
the vowels in these volitives to identify them since the context should help.
127
At least now you know Volitives exists and you can refer to them here if you wish.
Volitives Imperative (2nd Person): a command! 7
2ms You Guard
(to a man) An imperative is basically a command
to do something.
2fs You Guard
(to a woman) Thus it only appears in the 2nd person
(you do such and such).
2mp You Guard
(to men) You can usually tell it's an imperative
(command) just from context.
2fp You Guard
(to women)
2ms
imperative examples
2fs
say of me, He is my brother
(Gn 20:13)
2mp
...buy us a little food.
(Gn 43:2)
2fp
cry, ye daughters of 128
Rabbah (Jer 49:3)
Volitives Cohortative (1st Person): a wish, request.. 7
Like the Imperative the Cohortive is used to express a wish, request
or command. - Let us make man in our image (Gn 1:26).
Cohortative Imperfect
Volition in the 1st person (I, me, us).
Let me
write. 1cs Used to express purpose or result.
Translated:
Let us
write. 1cp Let me or Let us do such & such
So that's it for the Volitives, - Imperative (2nd), Cohortative (1st), Jussive (3rd).
Infinitive (Absolute & Construct) 7
An Infinitive in English is a phrase to do something, for example;
to hear Notice that these phrases are verbs, and notice that although they
to judge are doing words, they are not speaking in 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person.
to learn And they are not specifically to a man or woman, singular or plural.
-so they're called infinitives because they're not marked for person, gender or number.
Infinitive Construct -a verbal noun. Infinitive Absolute -unlike construct, the absolute
As Verbal, it is translated with a never takes a preposition. It has a number of uses. Two
preposition plus a verb, i.e. to learn of the most common are as follows.
to rule
*D
As a Noun it can be used as Can be used in place of an imperative to express a
The subject: command. e.g. Ex 20:8
to learn is hard work Remember the Sabbath to keep it holy. 131
The object of the verb:
I want to learn
Participle (Active & Passive) 7
In English a Participle is formed by adding -ing to a verb.
i.e. walking, cycling, eating, sleeping. -These are called Active Participles.
judging shedding blood
Active guarding
Passive guarded
There is much more to participles than described here. If you would like 132
to know more about Hebrew Participles then please consult a text book.
Final notes on Learning Hebrew: Vowel Pointing 7
The Hebrew Scriptures may be written without vowels, in which case it is called
'Unpointed' text, or it may be written with vowels, called 'Pointed' text. Finally it may be
'Pointed with Cantillation' marks for chanting.
Vocabulary
The vocabulary list on the following slides are ordered with the most common words first.
It is strongly recommended that you learn these words, the most common first, so that
you can begin reading the Hebrew bible. Print them out from the pdf file of these slides. 134
The vocabulary is also available on the cue cards software program. Vocab slides 135-154.
Vocabulary words occurring over 2000-10,000 times in bible 7
man, husband Israel
not (negates a specific action) as, even as, when
for, because, that, indeed, surely,
god, God, (the god) El when, (intro to quote)
* God, gods
all, each, every, any
mother (f)
not (general prohibition) or negation
of single word
if, or, either
G: to confirm, support; H: to believe, saying (introduces a quotation)
trust to be full
to say
messenger, angel
(rel pr) who, which, what; (cj) that, so
that, since, because, for king
you (fs) to reign, rule
house (m) above (compound preposition)
son, grandson; (fig.) member, one (of
a category) above (compound preposition)
sons (irreg mp) Moses
he, it % oracle
Judah witness 135
LORD, YHWH
Vocabulary words occurring over 1000-1999 times in bible 7
human, humanity, person, people, Adam before
or from where?
wickedness, trouble, sorrow who?
one water (always dual)
these (cp) blow, strike
land, earth, country (f) from the presence of, because of
( she-)ass (f) deed
also, even, moreover, yea, although self, person, breath, will (f)
David still, yet, again, else
that (ms)-demonstrative from indep pronoun H: to bear witness, testify
to be, come to pass/about, happen people
today with
here, is/are, (traditionally: lo!, behold!) to do, make, perform
sea Sheol, the underworld
thus, here there
priest name (f) 136
so, thus, therefore, accordingly year (fem with masc-looking plural)
Vocabulary words occurring over 500-999 times in bible 7
poor, needy gold commandment (f)
sign, mark (masc with
fem-looking plural) good, beautiful Egypt
under (compound
however, surely, indeed day preposition)
I) thousand, II) ox daily, by day to give, deliver, set,
seas (reg mp easily permit
( ms) nose, face, anger confused with 'days') around; (adj:) round
about, around
also, even, indeed days (irreg mp)
eternity, perpetuity
fire (f) Jacob ten
you (mp) Jerusalem
wealth
to understand, perceive bread, food pharaoh (king of
between Egypt)
to do battle; N: to fight
daughter (f) therefore host, army
to command, charge,
to speak (mostly D) in order that, so that appoint
word, thing, affair, voice, sound,
matter ( muchness), very,
exceedingly(with prep) thundering
way, road (m and f) desert, wilderness,
wasteland spirit, wind, breath (f)
this (fs) meeting-place, assembly second
this (ms); (archaic under, beneath,137
poetry:) which from the presence of,
because of instead of, in place of
Vocabulary words occurring over 400-499 times in bible 7
138
Vocabulary words occurring over 300-399 times in bible 7
then, at that time to count, write; D: recount, relate, tell
men, husbands (irreg mp) servant, slave
four to serve, work, till, worship
covenant, treaty, alliance (f) tree, wood (has masculine plural)
territory, boundary opening, entrance
mountain righteous
alive, living; (noun:) living much, many,
animal abundant, mighty
sword (f) abundance
hand, power (f) evil, bad, ugly
because, on account of friend, neighbor
hundred only
since (that time) thin
battle, war wicked, criminal
number peace, well-being, wholeness
judgment, justice, right,
custom three (f) gate 139
large cattle
to dwell, sit,
remain seraph (a winged-cobra)
morning (m) vessel, instrument, to burn
weapon
flesh seven (f)
inside to send, stretch out, let
to make known,
bring news go
why?
that (fs) - far
death % table heaven, sky ( dual)
demonstrative from 140
indep pronoun to die three to hear, listen, obey
Vocabulary words occurring over 150-199 times in bible 7
to become light; H: to
illumine, shine
wise in front of
to fly
weighty,
important, rich
Vocabulary words occurring over 60-69 times in bible 7
uprightness,
food straightness
evening
to be whole, healthy,
to come, enter
lamb complete, at peace;
without to be complete, be D: to make whole,
D: to seek finished; D: to make amends,
complete, finish recompence
pride tongue, language to drink
sojourner
measure,
deep, ocean, abyss
measurement (m or f)
dream (f) the morrow; the next
N: to be profaned; E day; time to come
D: to profane;
H: to begin sight, appearance
heat, rage banquet
to be dry to vow
to bear, beget river (both f & m plural)
boy, child to stretch out, extend,
incline
to go down,
descend to fall
straight, just,
upright
burnt offering
love moon
idiom: innumerable,
those (mp & fp) - far to discipline, chasten
infinite demonstratives from
prisoner indep pronouns because, because of
solitude to have
to pour out
to be ashamed D: to praise, boast to form
to test, try to kill
to choose to teach, instruct,
cast
(ms; fs, fs; in archaic
not yet, before poetry:) which to throw, cast; H: to
throw, teach, point
to weep prostitute,
promiscuous woman there is/are
how? (lit., by what?) to act like a
prostitute, be numerable 153
(only Job 25.3)
promiscuous
Vocabulary words occurring over 10-19
continued
times in bible 7
to spread out to heal
to be hard pressed, left, left hand, left side
be in distress
to gather to rejoice, be happy
to encounter, meet to ask about (someone's) well-
being
to rend, tear to put, set
first (f) to forget
ten thousand female servant
H: to shout to pour out
compassion ( rel pr) who, which, what; (cj)
that, so that, since, because, for
to wash sixth (f)
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XIV Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew Verbs
LESSON XVI and the Qal Stem
Then if you want to get into all the details 14a & b. Qal Perfect Weak Verbs
do all LESSONS from XVII to XXXI Then rest of section if you need practice.
& Section 4: Intro to Derived Stems
Lessons
Verb Characteristics 8
Verbs are at the heart of the Hebrew dictionary.
We have already looked at Perfect Imperfect
singular
verb characteristics such as; 3ms
Person
he will guard he guarded
Volatives
1st Imperative 3fs she will guard she guarded
2nd Jussive you will guard you guarded
(to a man)
3rd Cohortive 2ms
(to a man)
Gender Infinitive you will guard you guarded
(to a woman)
2fs
male Absolute (to a woman)
female Construct 1cs I will guard I guarded
Number Participle plural
singular Active
3mp they will guard
plural Passive 3fp they will guard they guarded
Time you will guard
Stem you guarded
Perfect
?
2mp (to men) (to men)
Imperfect
you will guard you guarded
Another characteristic is called 2fp (to women) (to women)
the verb Stem which conveys 1cp we will guard we guarded
something called Action & Voice.
157
So what is a verb Stem?
And what are Action & Voice all about anyway? Let's take a look... Stems
Verbs: Action & Voice 8
So before we discuss verb Stems, let's first look at Action & Voice.
Action
Remember, verbs are 'doing words', they are all about action.
And so the term Action, describes, well, action! Object & Subject
In order to describe voice more
In Hebrew Grammar there are 3 types of Action. fully we need to discuss two
Simple He killed grammar terms, object & subject.
Intensive He slaughtered!
Causative He caused to kill David defeated the enemy.
David is the subject of the verb
Voice defeated
The term Voice is about who is doing what to whom.
e.g. David defeated Goliath. David was defeated by the enemy.
David is no longer performing the
There are also 3 types of Voice. action of the verb but receiving the
Active He killed verbal action.
Passive He was killed
David dressed himself.
Reflexive He killed himself David subject is both receiving &
performing the action. Reflexive.
% Intensive Passive %
He was
Pual slaughtered
-committed suicide
Verb Stems Qal: Simple Active 8
Qal Stem Y Qal - Perfect
Active
Simple action
(This is the basic verb stem
3ms He guarded
Perfect.
For the sake of brevity, we will
2fp You guarded
(to women)
look at the Qal Imperfect at
the end of this Lesson.
1cp We guarded 162
Stems
Verb Stems Niphal: Simple Passive/Reflex. 8
Niphal Stem Y Identifying characteristic
Simple action with either passive or of Niphal Stem;
reflexive voice (the passive or reflexive of Qal).
Qal Niphal
- prefix
He killed He was killed
(reflexive)
Same spelling for both
He heard He heard himself
(passive)
meanings, Context of verse
determines which meaning.
He was heard
3ms
The snorting of his horses
was heard from Dan: Jer 8:16
3cp
- - for they were destroyed before the
LORD 2 Chr 14:12
3fs
My way is hid from the LORD Is 40:27
Stems
Verb Stems Niphal: Simple Passive/Reflex. - prefix 8
Qal - Perfect Niphal Perfect simple/ Mid.-Reflex. Reflexive
Active Passive meaning meaning
You guarded
(to a man)
2ms You were guarded
(to a man)
...etc...
You guarded
(to a woman)
2fs You were guarded
(to a woman)
You guarded
(to men)
2mp You were guarded
(to men)
You guarded
(to women)
2fp You were guarded
(to women)
Stems
Verb Stems Piel: Intensive Active 8
Piel Stem W Identifying characteristic
1cs
D I sought him whom my soul loveth
Son 3:1
3cp Imperfect
though they speak fair 165
words unto thee. Jer 12:6
Stems
The vowel pattern Hireq or
Verb Stems Piel: Intensive Active pathach under the 1st radical 8
Daghesh forte in the 2nd radical
Qal - Perfect Piel - Perfect
Active Intensive Act.
You guarded
(to a man) 2ms You really guarded
(to a man)
You guarded
(to a woman) 2fs You really guarded
(to a woman)
You guarded
(to men) 2mp You really guarded
(to men)
You guarded
(to women) 2fp You really guarded
(to women)
Stems
Verb Stems Pual: Intensive Passive 8
Pual Stem Yq Identifying characteristic
Passive of the Piel. of Pual Stem;
Intensive action with a passive voice.
Piel Pual Dagesh Forte in second
He
slaughtered
% He was
slaughtered
radical
Qibbuts-Pathach under
He smashed
into pieces % He was smashed
into pieces the first consonant
E
3ms Howl, ye ships of Tarshish: for your
% % strength is laid waste. Is 23:14
3cp %
praise him according to his
excellent greatness. Ps 150:2
2ms
u
% D till thou return unto the ground; for
out of it wast thou taken: Gn 3:19
imperfect 3ms it shall be accounted to
%
167
the Lord for a generation.
Ps 22:30(31) Stems
Daghesh Forte in second
Verb Stems Pual: Intensive Passive radical 8
Qibbuts-Pathach under
Qal - Perfect Pual the first consonant
Active - Perfect Intensive Pass.
You guarded
(to a man)
2ms % You were really
guarded (to a man)
You guarded
(to a woman)
2fs % You were really
guarded (to a woman)
You guarded
(to men)
2mp % You were really
guarded (to men)
You guarded
(to women)
2fp % You were really
guarded (to women)
Stems
Verb Stems Hiphil: Causative Active 8
Hiphil Stem Identifying characteristic
Causative action with active voice. of Hiphil Stem;
Qal Hiphil
-prefix
He killed He caused
to kill
Hireq yod stem vowel
He reigned or
He was king He caused to reign or
He made someone king
3ms
* for the LORD God had not
caused it to rain upon the earth.
Gn 2:5
1cs so have I caused to cleave unto
me the whole house of Israel.
Jer 13:11
2ms
thou hast made thy servant king.
1Ki 3:7
imperfect 1cs I will make thy name to
be remembered in all
169
You guarded
(to a woman)
2fs You caused to guard
(to a woman)
You guarded
(to men)
2mp You caused to guard
(to men)
You guarded
(to women)
2fp You caused to guard
(to women)
Stems
Verb Stems - Hophal: Causative Passive 8
Hophal Stem Y Identifying characteristic
The passive form of the Hiphil. of Hophal Stem;
Causative action with a passive voice.
Hiphil Hophal
- prefix as in the Hiphil
He caused
to kill
He caused
to be killed
The Hiphil and Hophal
are distinguished by their
prefix and stem vowels.
He made
someone king
He was
made king
2ms
But thou art cast out of thy grave
like an abominable branch Is 14:19
1cs
I was cast upon thee from
the womb: Ps 22:10 (11)
You guarded
(to a man)
2ms You were caused
to guard (to a man)
article ) .
You guarded
(to a woman)
2fs You were caused
to guard (to a woman)
You guarded
(to men)
2mp You were caused
to guard (to men)
You guarded
(to women)
2fp You were caused
to guard (to women)
Stems
Verb Stems - Hithpael: Reflexive 8
Hithpael Stem WY Identifying characteristic
Intensive action with a reflexive of Hithpael Stem;
voice or sometimes a passive voice.
Prefix
Qal Hithpael (reflexive)
Daghesh Forte in the
He killed ( committed suicide)
He killed himself
second root consonant
You guarded
(to a man)
2ms You guarded yourself
(to a man)
You guarded
(to a woman)
2fs You guarded yourself
(to a woman)
You guarded
(to men)
2mp You guarded
yourselves (to men)
You guarded
(to women)
2fp You guarded
yourselves (to women)
Stems
Verbal Root, Stems, Conjugations 8
Root
stems Qal
Active
Niphal Piel Pual Hiphil Hophal Hithpael
Mid.-Reflex. Intensive Act. Intensive Pass. Causative Act. Causative Pass. Reflexive
176
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Stems
Verb Stems - Summary 8
We have looked at examples of the following Verb Stems
Y Qal
These stems provide a very simple and elegant
way of creating words.
Y Niphal Instead of creating a brand new word, we can
W Piel modify an existing one.
We do this by adding other letters or vowels.
Yq Pual So we take the basic Qal verb and add new
Hiphil vowels & sometimes extra letters to modify its
meaning.
Y Hophal Thus creating 6 extra verb stems proceeding
WY Hithpael from the central Qal branch of the Menorah stem.
And so providing light to the world.
So far we have only seen tables of the perfect verb stems of the strong verb.
(We will look at weak verbs in the second half of this Lesson).
As well as perfect there are imperfect verb stems.
We will look at these briefly on the imperfect verb stem table on the next slide.
177
Stems
Verb Stem Table Imperfect of Strong Verb 8
Imperfect 'future tense' of the Strong Verb
Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hiphil Hophal Hithpael
Active Mid.- Intensive Intensive Causative Causative Reflexive
Reflex. Act. Pass. Act. Pass.
3ms %
3fs %
Pual
2ms Hiphil
Stem Hophal
YStem
q Stem
Piel Y
Stem W
%
Identifying
Hithpael
Identifying characteristic
Identifying characteristic
characteristic ofWY
ofStemcharacteristic
Identifying
2fs i
Hiphil
of Pual Stem;
Hophal
Stem;
Niphal %
Stem;
Identifying Stem
of Pual Stem; Y
characteristic
of
1cs Qal Stem
Qametz D Y%
Identifying
Hithpael
characteristic
Stem;D
before
The first radical
vowel pattern
3mp Dagesh
Forte
Patach in second
of Pual
T Stem;
%Hireq
or
Simple_
before first
action ,
addedradical
basic verb
before pathach
first radical under
radical The Hiphil andtheHophal are
3fp Different
distinguished
% stem
firstradical
vowels
Daghesh Forte
by their prefix in the second
Hireqiyod
2mp Qibbuts-Pathach andstem under
vowel
root
stem
%
Daghesh
consonant
vowels. forte
in the
2fp the first consonant second radical
%
1cp %
178
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Stems
Verb Stem Table Imperative, Infinitive, Participle 8
Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hiphil Hophal Hithpael
Active Mid.- Intensive Intensive Causative Causative Reflexive
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference.
Weak Verbs
180
file:///C:/Users/Rory/Videos/Biblical%20Hebrew%20Grammar%20Basics/talk/Lesson%207%20Talk/pictures/Third%20Temple/thirdtemple.com/10%20-%20Face%20of%20Temple%20Building.jpg
The Temple
& the
Heavenlies
The Ascension of the Ark
This
mortal
must put
on immortality.
-1Co 15:53
Lesson 8 part 2
Part 1 The topic of Verb Stems and Weak
Verbal Stems Verbs covered in this Lesson often fill
over half of any Hebrew text book.
In order to begin reading the Hebrew
bible you should know what these
Part 2 things are but you don't need to get
Weak Verbs bogged down in the details, just be
able to recognise them.
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XIV Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew Verbs
LESSON XVI and the Qal Stem
Then if you want to get into all the details 14a & b. Qal Perfect Weak Verbs
do all LESSONS from XVII to XXXI Then rest of section if you need practice.
& Section 4: Intro to Derived Stems
Lessons
Strong Verbs - Definition 8
Why do I need to know about Strong and Weak verbs?
They determine how the vowels appear on the various verb stems.
They also affect the various letters added to conjugate* the stem.
* Conjugate - Perfect, Imperfect, Imperative, Participle etc
Definitions
Hebrew Verbs are Strong or Weak.
We have looked at Strong Verbs so far in our Qal Perfect and Imperfect
Verb tables.
The Qal Perfect 3ms is the simplest form of a Hebrew verb. Qal ( )
means light (Qalal - ) . It designates the simple active stem of the verb.
We have seen the 6 derived stems from Qal in part one of Lesson 8.
Not all verbs and their stems are Strong Verbs.
For example some verbs have 2 consonants, called hollow verbs.
184
A strong verb must have three consonants, ??? in its Qal perfect third
masculine singular form.
Strong Verbs - Definition 8
Definitions
So a Strong verb must have three consonants in
its Qal perfect third masculine singular form (3ms).
But what sort of consonants make a Strong Verb?
A Strong verb cannot have the following;
he stumbled he killed
to attach
It is a Weak verb,
If it's second and third consonants are identical.
Y III II I
III II I (Traditional System) (Modern System)
8
Ayin - Vav / II Vav /
Ayin - Yod
II Yod
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Guttural - Imperfect 8
3ms iD i* i iD iE
3fs iD i* i iD iE
2ms iD i* i iD iE
2fs i i i i {D i
1cs i* i* i D iE
3mp i i i i {D i
3fp i {D i*{ i
{ i {D i {E
2mp i i i i {D i
2fp i {D i*{ i
{ i {D i {E
1cp iD i* i D iE
192
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Guttural Imperative, Participle, Infinitive 8
Qal 1 Qal 2 Niphal Hiphil Hophal
preterite + wc Di *i
{ Di Ei
jussive 3ms Di *i { D Ei
cohortive 1cs i i i D{ ---
2fs i D{ i ---
2mp i D{ ---
2fp D{ { D
{ D{ i ---
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Guttural - Perfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Guttural - Imperfect 8
II-Guttural Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hithpael
imperfect
3ms
3fs
2ms
2fs D iD i i
1cs D D
3mp D iD i i
3fp
{ { {
{ {
2mp D iD i i
2fp { { { { {
1cp
195
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Guttural Imperative, Participle etc 8
II-Guttural Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hithpael
preterite + wc {
{
{ {
jussive 3ms { {
cohortive 1cs D Di iD i
imperative 2ms
2fs Di Di i i
2mp Di Di i i
2fp {
{ {
{
participle active
ms
participle passive
ms
infinitive construct
infinitive absolute
196
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Guttural - Perfect 8
197
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Guttural - Imperfect 8
198
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Guttural Imperative, Infinitive, Part.8
imperative
2ms
2fs i u
2mp i u
2fp u u u u u
participle act
ms
participle
passive ms
%
infinite
construct
%
infinitive %
absolute
199
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Aleph Perfect, Imperfect, Imperative etc 8
I-Aleph Qal I-Aleph Qal I-Aleph Qal
perfect
3ms
imperfect
3ms preterite + wc {
3fs i 3fs jussive 3ms {
2ms
{ 2ms cohortive 1cs {
2fs 2fs i imperative 2ms *
1cs { 1cs 2fs
3cp i 3mp i 2mp
3fp
{ 2fp {*
2mp D 2mp i participle active ms
2fp D 2fp { participle passive ms
1cp
{ 1cp infinitive construct *
infinitive absolute
200
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Aleph - Perfect 8
201
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Aleph - Imperfect 8
202
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Aleph Imperative, Infinitive, Part. 8
imperative
2ms
2fs i u
2mp i u
2fp u u u u u
participle
act ms
participle
passive ms
% %
infinite
construct
% %
infinitive
absolute
% %
203
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Heh Perfect 8
204
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Heh Imperfect 8
III-Heh Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hithpael Hiphil Hophal
imperfect
3ms %
3fs %
2ms %
2fs %
1cs D% D
3mp %
3fp
{ { {% { { { {
2mp %
2fp { { {% { { { {
1cp %
205
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Lamed (III) Heh Volatives, Participles, Infinitives 8
III-Heh Qal Niphal Piel Pual Hithpael Hiphil Hophal
preterite + wc { % {
jussive 3ms { % {
cohortive 1cs D D%
imperative 2ms
2fs
2mp
2fp
{
{
{
{
{
participle active
ms
participle passive
ms %
infinitive construct %
infinitive absolute %
206
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Nun - Perfect 8
207
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Nun - Imperfect 8
I-Nun Qal 1 Qal 2 Qal 3 Qal 4 Niphal Hiphil Hophal
imperfect
3ms %
3fs
%
2ms
%
2fs
% { i
1cs
%
3mp
% { i
3fp
{ { %{ { { { {
2mp
% { i
2fp
{ { %{ { { { {
1cp
%
208
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Nun Imperative, Participle, Infinitive 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Vav/Yod - Hollow Perfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Vav/Yod - Hollow Imperfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Ayin (II) Vav/Yod - Hollow Volatives, etc 8
Hollow Qal 1 Qal 2 Qal 3 Qal 4 Niphal Hiphil Hophal
preterite + wc { { { {
jussive 3ms
cohortive 1cs
{ { {
{
{
{
imperative 2ms
2fs { { { { { {
2mp { { { { { {
2fp { { { { {
participle active ms
participle passive ms
Infinitive construct
infinitive absolute
212
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Vav - Perfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Vav - Imperfect 8
I-Vav Qal Niphal Hiphil Hophal
imperfect
3ms
3fs
2ms
2fs i i {
1cs
3mp i i {
3fp {
{ {
{
2mp i i
{
2fp { { { {
1cp
214
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Vav Imperative, Participle, Infinitive 8
I-Vav Qal Niphal Hiphil Hophal
preterite + wc {
{ { {
jussive 3ms {
cohort 1cs i i
{
impertv 2ms or
2fs i {
2mp i {
2fp { { {
act part ms
pass part ms
inf construct {
inf absolute
215
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Geminate Perfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Geminate Imperfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Geminate Imperative, Participle, Infinitive 8
Geminate Qal (active) Qal (stative) Niphal Hiphil Hophal
preterite + wc { {
jussive 3ms
cohort 1cs
{ { { {
impertv 2ms
2fs { { {
2mp { { {
2fp %{ {
{ D
{
act part ms
pass part ms
inf construct or
inf absolute
218
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Yod Perfect & Imperfect 8
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Weak Verb: Peh (I) Yod Volatives, Participle, Infinative 8
I-Yod Qal Hiphil
preterite + wc {
jussive 3ms {
cohort 1cs { {
impertv 2ms
2fs {
2mp {
2fp { {
act part ms
pass part ms
inf construct
inf absolute 220
You may wish to print these tables out for handy reference. Weak
Completed
Lesson 8
Part 1 The topic of Verb Stems and Weak
Verbal Stems Verbs covered in this Lesson often fill
over half of any Hebrew text book.
In order to begin reading the Hebrew
bible you should know what these
Part 2 things are but you don't need to get
Weak Verbs bogged down in the details, just be
able to recognise them.
Suggested Exercises
Biblical Hebrew Basics of Biblical Hebrew
An Introductory Grammar Grammar by Gary D.
by Page H. Kelley Pratico & Miles V. Van Pelt
LESSON XIV Section 3: Introduction to Hebrew Verbs
LESSON XVI and the Qal Stem
Then if you want to get into all the details 14a & b. Qal Perfect Weak Verbs
do all LESSONS from XVII to XXXI Then rest of section if you need practice.
& Section 4: Intro to Derived Stems
Lessons
The End8
of Lesson
Lesson Review
Prologue.
1. Aleph-Bet, Vowels, Verb Roots, Maqqef
2. Gender, Plurals, Duals, Numbers
3. Def. Article, Conjunction, Prepositions
4. Direct Object, Person, Pronouns
5. Questions, Pronominal Suffix
6. Qal Perfect, Vav Relative
7. Qal Imperfect, Vol., Infin., Participle, Vocab.
8. Verbal Stems, Weak Verbs
Books.
Epilogue.
Lessons
Books
Some helpful books that you can buy...
Page H. Kelley's;
Biblical Hebrew Grammar (with Exercises)
Biblical Hebrew Grammar Handbook (Answers)
Gary D. Practico & Miles V. Van Pelt
Basics of Biblical Hebrew - Grammar (with CD)
Basics of Biblical Hebrew Workbook (Exercises)
Samson Raphael Hirsch & Matityahu Clark
Etymological Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew
Biblical
Hebrew
Grammar
Books
Attractively laid
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reading
Books
Lots of helpful
exercises
you will
need to
purchase the
Handbook for
the answers!
Books
Page H. Kelley
A
Handbook
TO
Biblical
Hebrew
Grammar
Books
Contains the
Answers to the
Questions in the
Grammar book
Books
Gary D. Practico
Miles V. Van Pelt
Basics of
Biblical Hebrew
Grammar
(with CD)
&
Basics of
Biblical Hebrew
Workbook
Books
Grammar
book
contains an
Interactive
CD
Etymological
Dictionary
of
Biblical
Hebrew
Books
Easy
reference
to verb roots
and their manifold
meanings and
Verb
Root
uses in the
scripture
Books
The Schottenstein Edition
Interlinear Chumash
5 volume set
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
Books
Features:
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Crisp, Large size
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Contemporary
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Rashi's
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English
commentary
Books
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English translation below each
Hebrew word
Books
The
Stone Edition
Chumash
Books
Features:
Hebrew
English translation
- see next page
Targum Onkelos
Rashi's
commentary
English
Commentary
Books
Features:
Hebrew
- previous page
English translation
Targum Onkelos
Rashi's
commentary
English
Commentary
Books
Websites: The following free software is also provided
to help you with Hebrew. You can go to their
Learning Hebrew websites for free & up to date versions.
Hebrew 4 Christians Aleph Bet Quiz by Robert C. Graf
www.hebrew4christians.net download.cnet.com/Hebrew-Alphabet-Quizzer/3000-2279_4-104
www.hebrew4christians.net/Links/links.html software.techrepublic.com.com/abstract.aspx?docid=726863
This is an extremely helpful program for learning the Hebrew
Bible Wheel (Bible Patterns) Aleph Bet (Alphabet).
www.biblewheel.com It is simple to use, just click on the Hebrew letter that
appears randomly to guess the letter and if correct it will
Modern Hebrew speak it. You will soon learn them. Try 10 minutes every day!
Cue Cards www.wadeb.com/cuecard
FSI Hebrew course This free software program combined with Hebrew words and
http://fsi-language-courses.org/ their audio pronunciation enables you to quickly master the
Content.php?page=Hebrew pronunciation of the various Hebrew words and their vowels.
Dig a garden
doing,
Share
or,
Natural Disasters,
Pestilence, Terrorism,
NWO, World War 3,
Famine, Aliens.
t
t 24
tq t W W 25
W t W 26
The
John 14:6
Yeshua saith unto him,
I am the way, the
Beginning!
End
truth, and the life: no
man cometh unto the or is it?
Hebrew
Grammar
Basics
10losttribes.com
Yeshua said, You are FREE
Freely to copy this material
without alteration,
you have received, as often as you like,
Note: Each slide will be introduced with the slide number for
those who want to follow the audio with the PDF printout on DVD. 2009 A.D. ver. 1.0
Writing Hebrew Letters 1
245