Methodology
points such as design of the study, setting of the study, participants of the study,
data collection technique, data collection procedure and ended by data analysis.
that the research participants require to reveal their opinion on the use of realia as
data form is preferred in the verbal form than in numerical form. Qualitative
research is more focus on describing in depth the statement from the participants
concept (p.39)
phenomenon in their rather than from some outside perspective. The researcher
wants to look for the detail information related to the use of realia as a teaching
program.
This study will conduct at EED of UMY. The researcher chooses EED of
UMY because some reasons. First, EED of UMY has an internship program that
enables the students of EED of UMY play a role as pre-service teacher and
teaches in certain school. Second, some of the students from EED of UMY also
Moreover, the researcher is also the students of EED of UMY. So, the researcher
The Researcher starts collecting data on October 2017. The data will be
collected in 2nd up to 7th October 2017. After the data collection, the researcher
batch 2014. The reasons of choosing the students from batch 2014 are because
applied realia when they taught in internship program. So, they still have fresh
and strong memory and they are being able to provide deep and comprehensive
answers.
The researcher applies non-probability samples in this study. Cohen, L.,
Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) argued non-probability sample only presents
the case in small scale. In this study researcher only pick the participants based on
the specific criteria needed. This study uses snowball sampling to select
sampling that typically proceeds after a study begins and occur when the
209). Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) researcher identify a small
number of individuals who have the characteristics in which they are interested
different batch. So, the first selected participant will choose the other participants
There are four participants will choose. In choosing the participants, the
researcher asks to the first of the participant to find their other friends who applied
realia when they taught in internship program. They should already have applied
realia at least two times in teaching practice. Participants also applied other
teaching method in teaching practice. The researcher finds three others EED of
UMY students who applied realia from the first participant. The selective of other
participants are from recommendation from the first participant. They taught in
the same group and applied the same method. Because students who are in the
same group and apply the same method probably have rich experience and can
vocabulary.
Data Collection Technique
L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) Interview is a flexible tool for data
and heard (p.409). From the interview, interviewer will ask several questions
based on the purpose of this study to the interviewee. The interviewee gives their
about the topic being studied. Before conducted the interview, researcher reviews
some relate theories. From the theories and the purpose of this study researcher
Kerlinger (1970) as cited in Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) those
restraint on the answer and their expression (p.416). Silverman (1993) in Cohen,
L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) the importance of open-ended interviews,
as this enables respondent to demonstrate their unique way of looking at the world
their definition of the situation (p. 205). So that enable the researcher to gain
deeper information. The question format that is used is indirect question. It can
Tuckman (1972) in Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) that the use of
indirect approach is more likely to produce frank and open responses. The
researcher hopes the participants provide unstructured response, because the
researcher wants to gain deep information about their perception on the use of
Tuckman (1972) in Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morison, K. (2011) unstructured
response allows the respondent to give answer in whatever way they chose.
The researcher will follow some steps in collecting the data with interview.
Firstly, researcher chooses participants based on criteria that are already decided
before. Participants of this study are from EED of UMY batch 2014. After
with the participants to discuss about the time and where the place to conduct
interview. Second, the researcher contacts the participants by using messenger such
process. The researcher also brings the note to write down the unclear statement
from participants. After dealing time and place with the participants, researcher
explain to the participant the purpose of interview and explain why the researcher
chooses the participants. Then, the researcher starts to ask the participant with the
interview question and record the interview section with mobile phone. After
interview done, the researcher asks again about unclear explanation, and asks
additional information. The last, researcher say thanks to the participants and close
the interview.
Data Analysis
After conduct the interview, the researcher transcribes the data from
audiotape recordings or field note into text data (p. 239). Researcher transcribes
every word spoken by participants. After that researcher does a member checking
to check the validity and the accuracy of the transcript data. Creswell, (2012)
member checking is process in which the researcher asks one or more participants
Then, after member checking the researcher starts to analyze all the data
from interview by using coding, they are open, analytic, axial and selective
coding. Kerlinger (1970) in Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011) defines
specific categories for the purpose of analysis. Strauss & Corbin (1990) in Cohen,
L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011) open code is simply a new label that
researcher attaches to a piece of text to categorize that piece of text (p. 561). In
this part, the researcher gives certain code or label to give categorize for each
sentence from participants. Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011).
Analytic coding is a descriptive code to generate information into smaller unit and
follow whereby data were originally segmented into small unit or theme. Cohen,
L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011) an axial code is a category label ascribed
to a group of open codes whose referents the phenomena being describe are
coding identifies the core categories of text data, integrating them to form a
weaknesses using realia as a teaching aid, and After coding is completed, the
researcher will report, interpret and summarize the finding in the next chapter.