Technicaltraining.

Productinformation.
G12Powertrain

BMWService
Generalinformation

Symbolsused

Thefollowingsymbolisusedinthisdocumenttofacilitatebettercomprehensionortodrawattention
toveryimportantinformation:

Containsimportantsafetyinformationandinformationthatneedstobeobservedstrictlyinorderto
guaranteethesmoothoperationofthesystem.

Informationstatusandnational-marketversions

BMWGroupvehiclesmeettherequirementsofthehighestsafetyandqualitystandards.Changes
inrequirementsforenvironmentalprotection,customerbenefitsanddesignrendernecessary
continuousdevelopmentofsystemsandcomponents.Consequently,theremaybediscrepancies
betweenthecontentsofthisdocumentandthevehiclesavailableinthetrainingcourse.

ThisdocumentbasicallyrelatestotheEuropeanversionoflefthanddrivevehicles.Someoperating
elementsorcomponentsarearrangeddifferentlyinright-handdrivevehiclesthanshowninthe
graphicsinthisdocument.Furtherdifferencesmayariseastheresultoftheequipmentspecificationin
specificmarketsorcountries.

Additionalsourcesofinformation

Furtherinformationontheindividualtopicscanbefoundinthefollowing:

Owner'sHandbook
IntegratedServiceTechnicalApplication.

Contact:conceptinfo@bmw.de

2015BMWAG,Munich

ReprintsofthispublicationoritspartsrequirethewrittenapprovalofBMWAG,Munich

Theinformationcontainedinthisdocumentformsanintegralpartofthetechnicaltrainingofthe
BMWGroupandisintendedforthetrainerandparticipantsintheseminar.Refertothelatestrelevant
informationsystemsoftheBMWGroupforanychanges/additionstothetechnicaldata.

Contact:
SebastianRiedel
Tel.:+49(0)8938265044
E-mail:sebastian.rs.riedel@bmw.de

Informationstatus:May2015
BV-72/TechnicalTraining
G12Powertrain
Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1. Developmentcode...............................................................................................................................................................................................1
1.2. History...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1. PowertrainvariantsE23............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2.2. PowertrainvariantsE32............................................................................................................................................. 2
1.2.3. PowertrainvariantsE38............................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2.4. DrivevariantsE65/E66................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.2.5. DrivevariantsF01/F02................................................................................................................................................ 4

2. DriveVariants.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6
2.1. Models..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Enginedesignation............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8

3. GasolineEngines.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1. BMW740i.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1.1. Technicaldata........................................................................................................................................................................10
3.1.2. HighlightsoftheB58engine........................................................................................................................ 12
3.1.3. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................13
3.2. BMW750i..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.1. Technicaldata........................................................................................................................................................................16
3.2.2. HighlightsoftheN63TU2engine......................................................................................................... 18
3.2.3. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................19
3.3. Airintakeandexhaustemissionsystems...................................................................................................................21
3.3.1. AirintakeductinB58engine.......................................................................................................................21
3.3.2. AirintakeductinN63TU2engine........................................................................................................ 23
3.3.3. Exhaustemissionsystem................................................................................................................................... 25

4. Cooling.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................30
4.1. Activeair-flapcontrol.................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
4.2. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................................................. 32

5. Fuel Supply......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
5.1. gasolineengine.....................................................................................................................................................................................................34
5.2. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................................................. 36

6. EngineElectricalSystem.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
6.1. Enginecontrolunit.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
6.1.1. NanoMQSplugconnections....................................................................................................................... 38
6.1.2. ControlunitcodeforDigitalMotorElectronicsDME.............................................. 40
6.1.3. Specialtools.............................................................................................................................................................................41
6.2. Automaticenginestart/stopfunction................................................................................................................................ 42
G12Powertrain
Contents
6.2.1. Automaticmode................................................................................................................................................................ 44
6.2.2. Driving................................................................................................................................................................................................ 44
6.2.3. Stopping......................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
6.2.4. Pullaway.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
6.2.5. Automaticenginestart-stopfunctionstoponuphillgradients.................47
6.2.6. Comfortconcept............................................................................................................................................................... 48
6.2.7. Startstrategy.......................................................................................................................................................................... 48
6.2.8. Reflexstartintheeventofachangeinmind....................................................................... 50
6.2.9. Automaticenginestopatdriverrequest.................................................................................... 51
6.2.10. Manoeuvrabilityforautomaticenginestart-stopfunctioncoastingor
stop......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
6.2.11. Switch-offinhibitors.................................................................................................................................................... 51
6.2.12. Switch-onprompts........................................................................................................................................................52
6.3. ActiveSoundDesign(ASD)............................................................................................................................................................. 52

7. AutomaticTransmission............................................................................................................................................................................................. 54
7.1. Transmissionvariants................................................................................................................................................................................. 54
7.2. Highlights........................................................................................................................................................................................................................55
7.3. Description................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
7.4. Technicaldata......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
7.5. Shiftmatrix................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 57
7.6. Torqueconverterwithcentrifugalpendulum.........................................................................................................58
7.7. Sportautomatictransmission....................................................................................................................................................... 62
7.7.1. LaunchControl.................................................................................................................................................................... 62
7.7.2. Functionalenhancementsoftheshiftpaddles.................................................................63
7.8. ConnectedShift..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
7.8.1. Useofthenavigationdata................................................................................................................................ 65
7.8.2. Useofradar.............................................................................................................................................................................. 66
7.8.3. Characteristicsandavailability.................................................................................................................... 68
7.9. Newfunctions......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
7.9.1. Transmissionbehaviorwhendrivingoff...................................................................................... 68
7.9.2. SteppedSportshiftmode................................................................................................................................. 68
7.10. Transmissionemergencyrelease............................................................................................................................................ 70
7.10.1. Mechanicaltransmissionemergencyrelease..................................................................... 70
7.10.2. Electronictransmissionemergencyrelease......................................................................... 71
7.11. Towing................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 73
7.12. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................................................. 75

8. Four-WheelDrive...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
8.1. Overviewofall-wheeldrivesystems.................................................................................................................................. 77
8.2. NewfeaturesinxDrive.............................................................................................................................................................................. 80
G12Powertrain
Contents
8.3. FunctionaldescriptionofxDrive................................................................................................................................................ 82
8.4. EfficiencyMode................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
8.4.1. Oilstop............................................................................................................................................................................................. 86
8.4.2. Oilreservoir............................................................................................................................................................................... 87
8.5. Operatingstrategy........................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
8.5.1. Determinationofthewheelslip................................................................................................................ 90
8.6. NotesforService............................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
8.6.1. Oilchangefortransferbox............................................................................................................................... 95
8.6.2. Classificationofthetransferbox............................................................................................................. 95
8.7. Systemwiringdiagram............................................................................................................................................................................. 97

9. DriveShaftsandDifferential.............................................................................................................................................................................. 99
9.1. Four-wheeldrive................................................................................................................................................................................................. 99
9.1.1. xDrivedriveshaft.............................................................................................................................................................. 99
9.1.2. xDrivefrontaxledifferential......................................................................................................................... 100
9.1.3. FrontoutputshaftsofxDrive.................................................................................................................... 101
9.2. Rear-wheeldrive............................................................................................................................................................................................. 102
9.2.1. Driveshafts............................................................................................................................................................................102
9.2.2. Rearaxlefinaldrive...................................................................................................................................................103
9.2.3. Rearoutputshafts..................................................................................................................................................... 104
G12Powertrain
1.Introduction
Thistrainingreferencemanualcontainsinformationaboutthedifferentengineandtransmission
variantsofthenewBMW7Series.Thetrainingreferencemanualalsocoversthespecialfeatures
relatingtofuelpreparationandthedrivetrain.

Thecontentofthistrainingreferencemanualbuildsontheknowledgefromthereferenceinformation
forthedifferentengines.Thisdocumentdoesnotdealwiththefundamentaltechnicalfunctionsofthe
engines.

1.1.Developmentcode
ThenewBMW7SeriesG12willbelaunchedonthemarketfromOctober2015.Apartfromthe
differentbodyversions,therearenotechnicaldistinguishingfeaturesinthedrivearea.

1.2.History
ThefollowingtableprovidesanoverviewofthedifferentBMW7Seriesmodelsofthepastyears.

NotallmodelswereavailablefortheUS.

1.2.1.PowertrainvariantsE23

BMW7SeriesE23

1
G12Powertrain
1.Introduction
Productionperiod1977-1979

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
728 M30B28 R6 2788 125(170)at 238at4000rpm
5800rpm
730 M30B30 R6 2985 135(184)at 260at3500rpm
5800rpm
733i M30B32 R6 3205 145(197)at 280at4300rpm
5500rpm

Productionperiod1979-1986

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
725i M30B25 R6 2494 110(150)at5500rpm 215at4000rpm
728i M30B28 R6 2788 135(184)at5800rpm 240at4200rpm
732i M30B32 R6 3210 145(197)at5500rpm 285at4300rpm
735i M30B34 R6 3430 160(218)at5200rpm 310at4000rpm

745i
* M30B32 R6 3210 185(252)at5200rpm 380at2600rpm

745i
* M30B34 R6 3430 185(252)at4900rpm 380at2200rpm

*
Turbochargedengine.

1.2.2.PowertrainvariantsE32

BMW7SeriesE32

2
G12Powertrain
1.Introduction
Productionperiod1986-1994

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
735i M30B35 R6 3430 155(211)at 305at4000rpm
5700rpm
740i/iL M60B40 V8 3982 210(286)at 400at4500rpm
5800rpm
750i/iL M70B50 V12 4988 220(300)at 450at4100rpm
5200rpm

1.2.3.PowertrainvariantsE38

BMW7SeriesE38

Productionperiod1994-2001

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
740i/iL M60B40 V8 3982 210(286)at 400at4500rpm
5800rpm
740i/iL M62B44 V8 4398 210(286)at 420at3900rpm
5400rpm
740i/iL M62B44 V8 4398 210(286)at 440at3600rpm
5400rpm
750i/iL M73B54 V12 5379 240(326)at 490at3900rpm
5000rpm
740d M67D40 V8 3901 180(245)at 560from1750rpm
4000rpm

3
G12Powertrain
1.Introduction
1.2.4.DrivevariantsE65/E66

BMW7SeriesE65

Productionperiod2001-2008

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
745i/iL N62B44 V8 4398 245(333)at 450at3600rpm
6100rpm
750i/iL N62B48O1 V8 4799 270(367)at 490at3400rpm
6300rpm
760i/iL N73B60 V12 5972 327(445)at 600at3950rpm
6000rpm

1.2.5.DrivevariantsF01/F02

BMW7SeriesF01

4
G12Powertrain
1.Introduction
Productionperiodsince2008

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm

code incm
740i/Li N54B30O0 R6 2979 240(326)at 450from1500rpm
5800rpm
740i/Li N55B30O0 R6 2979 235(320)at 450from1300rpm
(xDrive) 5800rpm
750i/Li N63B44O0 V8 4395 300(407)from 600from1750rpm
(xDrive) 5500rpm
750i/Li N63B44O1 V8 4395 330(450)from 650from2000rpm
(xDrive) 5500rpm
760i/Li N74B60U0 V12 5972 400(544)from 750from1500rpm
5250rpm
740d N57D30T0 R6 2993 225(306)at 600from1500rpm
(xDrive) 4400rpm

5
G12Powertrain
2.DriveVariants
Likethepredecessor,theG12isalsooptionallyavailablewithall-wheeldrive.Forthemarket
introduction,itispossibletochoosebetween6and8-cylinderengines.Furtherengineswillfollow
atalaterdate.

The6-cylinderengineisanewlydevelopedgasolineengineofthemodularfamily(B-engines)which
havetheirseriesintroductionintheF30LCIandG12.

The8-cylindergasolineengineN63TU2hasalsobeenrevampedforthesecondtimeandalsohas
itsseriesintroductionintheG12.

AllenginescomplywiththeexhaustemissionstandardULEVII.Lowerexhaustemissionstandards.

OverviewofdriveinG12

Index Explanation
1 Engine
2 Automatictransmission
3 TransferboxVTG(onlyforxDrive)
4 Driveshaft
5 Outputshaft,rear

6
G12Powertrain
2.DriveVariants
Index Explanation
6 Rearaxledifferential
7 Driveshaft(onlyforxDrive)
8 Frontoutputshaft(onlyforxDrive)
9 Frontaxledifferential(onlyforxDrive)

2.1.Models
ThefollowingmodelvariantsareavailableforthemarketintroductionoftheG12.

G12 Drive Transmission

740i 6-cylindergasolineengine 8HPTUautomatictransmission
750i 8-cylindergasolineengine 8HPTUautomatictransmission
750ixDrive 8-cylindergasolineengine 8HPTUautomatictransmission

7
G12Powertrain
2.DriveVariants
2.2.Enginedesignation
Thefollowingtableprovidesanoverviewofthecompositionofthedifferentenginecodes.

Position Meaning Index Explanation

1 Enginedeveloper M,N,B BMWGroup
P BMWMSport
S BMWMGmbH
W Bought-inengines
2 Enginetype 3 3-cylinderin-lineengine(e.g.B38)
4 4-cylinderin-lineengine(e.g.B48)
5 6-cylinderin-lineengine(e.g.B58)
6 V8engine(e.g.N63)
7 V12engine(e.g.N74)
3 Changetothebasicengine 0 Basicengine
concept 19 Changes,e.g.combustionprocess
4 Workingmethodorfueltypeand A gasoline,transversemounted
possiblyinstallationposition B gasoline,longitudinallymounted
C Diesel,transversemounted
D Diesel,longitudinallymounted
H Hydrogen
K gasoline,horizontalmounting
5+6 Displacementin1/10liter 12 1,2l
15 1.5L
20 2.0L
30 3,0L
40 4,0L
44 4,4L
60 6,0L
7 Performanceclass K Lowest
U Lower
M Middle
O Upper
T Top
S Super
8 Revisionrelevanttoapproval 0 Newdevelopment
19 Redesign

8
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
TheB58andN63TU2enginesareinstalledinthenewG12.Thefollowingtableprovidesinformation
onthedifferentvariants.

Models Engine Design Displacement PowerinkW(HP) TorqueinNm(lb-ft)

code incm
740i B58B30M0 R6 2998 240(320)from 450(330)from
5500rpm 1380rpm
750i N63B44O2 V8 4395 330(445)from 650(480)from
(xDrive) 5500rpm 1380rpm

3.1.BMW740i

OverviewofenginecompartmentofB58engineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Enginedesigncover
2 Integratedsupplymodule
3 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)
4 Cowlpanelcover

9
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
5 Frontaxlesupportbearing
6 Expansiontankforthehigh-temperaturecoolantcircuit
7 Expansiontankforthelow-temperaturecoolantcircuit
8 Two-locksystem
9 Frontstrutbraces
10 Coverforcoolingpackage
11 Resonator
12 Intakesilencer
13 Jumpstartterminalpoint
14 12Vbattery(vehicleelectricalsystemsupport)
15 Fillerneckforwasherfluidreservoir

3.1.1.Technicaldata

Technicaldata Unit/standard B58B30M0

Operatingmode TVDI
*

Firingorder 1-5-3-6-2-4
Bore mm 82
Stroke mm 94,6
Compressionratio [] 11:1
Permittedfuel RON 91-100
DigitalMotorElectronics DME8.6
Emissionstandards ULEVII 6

*
TVDI:

1 T=Turbo
2 V=Valvetronic
3 D=Direct
4 I=Injection.

10
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines

Full-loaddiagramforB58B30M0

11
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.1.2.HighlightsoftheB58engine

B58engine

1 Valvetronic4thgeneration
2 Heatmanagementmodule
3 Intakeairsystemwithintegratedchargeaircooler
4 Twin-scrollturbochargerwithelectricalwastegatevalvecontroller
5 NewDigitalMotorElectronics(DME)8.6

FurtherinformationontheB58B30M0engineisprovidedintheTechnicalTrainingManualST1505
B58Engine.

12
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.1.3.Systemwiringdiagram

SystemwiringdiagramofB58engineintheG12

13
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
1 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)
2 Electricfan
3 Relayforelectricfan
4 Powerdistributionbox,enginecompartment
5 Pinionstarter
6 Airconditioningcompressor
7 CANterminator6
8 CANterminator5
9 CANterminator4
10 BodyDomainController(BDC)
11 IntelligentBatterySensor(IBS)
12 Rearrightpowerdistributionbox
13 Electricalexhaustflap
14 Fuelpumpcontrol(FPC)
15 Tankleakdiagnosis(NaturalVacuumLeakDetectionNVLD)
16 CrashSafetyModule(ACSM)
17 Instrumentpanel(KOMBI)
18 Integratedsupplymodule,acceleratorpedalmodule(FPM)
19 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)
20 Integratedsupplymodule
21 Rearpowerdistributionbox

14
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.2.BMW750i

OverviewofenginecompartmentofN63TU2engineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Enginedesigncover
2 Cowlpanelcover
3 Frontaxlesupportbearing
4 Expansiontankforthehigh-temperaturecoolantcircuit
5 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)I
6 Two-locksystem
7 Resonator
8 Frontstrutbraces
9 Indirectchargeaircooler
10 Coverforcoolingpackage
11 Expansiontankforthelow-temperaturecoolantcircuit
12 Integratedsupplymodule

15
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
13 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)II
14 Jumpstartterminalpoint
15 12Vbattery(vehicleelectricalsystemsupport)
16 Fillerneckforwasherfluidreservoir

3.2.1.Technicaldata
*
TVDI:

1 T=Turbo
2 V=Valvetronic
3 D=Direct
4 I=Injection.

16
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines

FullloaddiagramN63B44O2engine

17
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.2.2.HighlightsoftheN63TU2engine

N63TU2engine

1 Map-controlledoilpump
2 Twin-scrollturbochargerwithelectricalwastegatevalvecontroller
3 EnginetemperaturemanagementSplit-Cooling-Combinedcoolingsystem(SCC)
4 Engineoil/coolantheatexchangerintegratedintheV-space
5 Newcoolant-cooledDigitalMotorElectronics(DME)8.8

FurtherinformationontheN63B44O2engineisprovidedintheTechnicalTrainingManualST1511
N63TU2Engine.

18
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.2.3.Systemwiringdiagram

SystemwiringdiagramofN63TU2engineintheG12

19
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
1 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)II
2 Electricfan
3 Temperaturesensor
4 Relayforelectricfan
5 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)I
6 Powerdistributionbox,enginecompartment
7 Integratedsupplymodule
8 CANterminator4
9 BodyDomainController(BDC)
10 CANterminator5
11 IntelligentBatterySensor(IBS)
12 Rearrightpowerdistributionbox
13 Electricalexhaustflap,right
14 Electricalexhaustflap,left
15 Fuelpumpcontrol(FPC)
16 Electricfuelpump
17 Tankleakdiagnosis(NaturalVacuumLeakDetectionNVLD)
18 Gearselectorswitch(GWS)
19 CrashSafetyModule(ASCM)
20 Instrumentpanel(KOMBI)
21 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)
22 Acceleratorpedalmodule
23 Electronictransmissioncontrol(EGS)
24 Airconditioningcompressor
25 Pinionstarter

20
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.3.Airintakeandexhaustemissionsystems

3.3.1.AirintakeductinB58engine

AirintakeductofB58engineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Unfilteredairintakewithgrille
2 Two-branchairintakeduct
3 Intakesilencer
4 Cleanairpipe
5 Broadbandsilencer

21
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
6 Resonator
7 Connectionforblow-bygasline
8 Combinedchargingpressureandtemperaturesensor
9 Chargeairhosedownstreamofchargeaircooler

Resonator

Thepulsatingairflowoftherotatingengineisdampedintheairintakeductbyusingresonators.
TheB58engineoftheG12hasatotalof2resonators.

Broadbandsilencer

Ifablow-offvalveisnolongerusedonturboengines,atransienthigh-frequencynoiseoccurs
whentheengineloadisreduced.Thisiscausedbytheturbochargerpressureontheintakeside.
Broadbandsilencersarematchedtothistoafrequencyofapproximately3kHztoeliminateit.

22
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.3.2.AirintakeductinN63TU2engine

AirintakeductofN63TU2engineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Unfilteredairintakewithgrille
2 Unfilteredairpipe
3 Resonator
4 Connectionforblow-bygasline

23
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
5 Intakesilencer(leftandright)
6 Cleanairgaiter
7 Cleanairpipe
8 Chargeairhosedownstreamofchargeaircooler

The8-cylindergasolineenginehasatwo-branchintakesystem.Thisensuresthatthenecessaryair
volumeismadeavailabletotheengineineveryloadrange.

24
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
3.3.3.Exhaustemissionsystem

ExhaustemissionsystemofgasolineengineintheG12

25
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Index Explanation
A B58engine(single-branch)
B N63TU2engine(two-branch)
1 Controlsensor(broadbandoxygensensorLSUADV)
2 Monitoringsensor(voltagejumpoxygensensorLSFxFour)
3 Monolith1
4 Monolith2
5 3-waycatalyticconverter
6 Endcouplingelement
7 Frontsilencer
8 Centersilencer
9 Electricallyactivatedexhaustflap
10 Rearsilencer

Specialfeaturesoftheexhaustemissionsystem:

Optimumdesignoftheexhaustsystemwithrespecttotheconflictofgoals
betweenexhaustgascounterpressureandacoustics.
DesignofthesilencerscorrespondstothehighcomfortstandardsoftheG12.
Electricalexhaustflap(s)foracousticswithhighloadfeedbackandpowerful
sounduponacceleration.
Consistentlightweightconstructionthroughbracketdesign,resultinginreduced
numberofattachmentpoints.

Technicaldataoftheexhaustemissionsystem

Exhaustemissionsystem B58engine N63TU2engine

3-waycatalyticconverter 2-monolithsystem 2-monolithsystem

Celldensityofmonolith1
* 600 600

Celldensityofmonolith2 400 400

Volumeoffrontsilencer 5L 5L
Volumeofmiddlesilencer 5L
Volumeofrearsilencer 35L 38L
Numberofelectrically 1 2
activatedexhaustflaps
Numberofexhausttailpipes 2 4
Tailpipetrims Integratedinthebody Integratedinthebody

26
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Electricallyactivatedexhaustflap

ElectricallyactivatedexhaustflaponB58engineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Exhaustflap
2 Spring
3 Electricalexhaustflapactuator
4 Electricalconnection(4-pin)
5 Drivepin
6 Outputpin
7 Fuse,rearrightpowerdistributionbox
8 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

Theexhaustflapisintegratedintherearsilencer.Theexhaustflapisdrivenviaanelectricmotorwith
integratedtransmissionandelectronics.Theactuatoroftheelectricallyadjustableexhaustflaphas
thefollowingelectricalconnections:

Voltagesupply(+)
Ground(-)
Actuatingwire(PWMsignalline)

Atlowenginespeedandlowload,theexhaustflapallowsthenoiseleveltobesignificantlyreducedby
closingtheexhaustflap.Athighenginespeedandhighload,theexhaustgascounterpressurecanbe
reducedbyopeningtheexhaustflap.

27
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
TheexhaustflapisactivatedbytheDigitalMotorElectronics(DME)bymeansofapulse-width-
modulatedsignal.Theinputvariablesare:

Enginespeed
Load
Drivingspeed

Theexhaustflapcannottraveltoanintermediatepositionandiseithercompletelyopenorclosed.
Theflapismovedtotherespectivemechanicalendstopsbymeansofpulse-widthmodulatedsignals
(PWMsignals).Thepreferredpositionistheopenpositionintheeventofdetectedfaultsorlossof
activationoraftertheengineisswitchedoff.

Electricalexhaustflap B58 N63TU2

Installationlocation right rightandleft
Pulse-widthmodulated 10%dutycycle 10%dutycycle
signalopen
Pulse-widthmodulated 90%dutycycle 90%dutycycle
signalclosed

Theactuatoroftheelectricalexhaustflapcanbereplacedseparately.Theactuatorcanbemovedtoan
installationpositionusingtheBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.

TheexactpositionoftheexhaustflapisstoredinacharacteristicmapintheDigitalMotorElectronics.
Thefollowingtableprovidesonlyanapproximateoverviewofthedifferentconditionsoftheexhaust
flap.

Engineoperatingpoints Exhaustflapopen Exhaustflapclosed

Idling X
Lowload X
Coasting(overrun)mode X
Constant-speeddrivingwith X
partialload
Accelerationwithhighload X
Fullload X

PleasenotethattherightflapontheB58engineandtheouterexhaustflapsontheN63TU2engine
areclosedatidle.Forthisreason,noemissionmeasurementcanbeperformedatthesetailpipes.

28
G12Powertrain
3.GasolineEngines
Tailpipeversions

TailpipeversionsforgasolineengineintheG12

Index Explanation
A 6-cylindergasolineengine
B 8-cylindergasolineengine

ThetailpipetrimsarenotpartoftheexhaustsystemontheG12,butareintegratedintherearbumper.

29
G12Powertrain
4.Cooling
4.1.Activeair-flapcontrol
Thecoolingsurfacesatthefrontofthevehiclecanbeclosedbymeansoftwoseparateairflaps.
Thisreducesthedragcoefficientandthussavesfuel.Afurtheradvantageisfasterheatingupof
theengineafteracoldstart.Itispossibletoreducethecarbondioxideemissionsbyamaximumof
0.8g/km.

AmbientairflowwithclosedairflapsonG12

Thecurrentcoolingairrequirementforenginecooling,brakecoolingandairconditioningis
determinedbytheDigitalMotorElectronics(DME).Theadjustableflapsarethenmovedtothe
properposition.Theairflapsareopenedasrequired.Theflapscanbeadjustedtodifferentpositions.
TheflapsoftheBMWradiatorgrillareopenedonlywhenthereisahighcoolingrequirement.Theflaps
canalsobeclosedathighdrivingspeeds.

AmbientairflowwithopenairflapsonG12

30
G12Powertrain
4.Cooling
Cooling Activeair-flapcontrol Positions
requirement
Low Closedattop
Closedatbottom

Low Closedattop
Partiallyopenatbottom
(1530C/5986F)

medium Closedattop
Openatbottom

maximum Openattop
Openatbottom

Theactiveair-flapcontrolintheG12allowsalargenumberofsettingstobecarriedouttocontrolthe
coolairintakeaccordingtodemand.Boththeupperandlowerairflapsareactivelyopenedorclosed
byaseparateelectricmotor.

31
G12Powertrain
4.Cooling
Theactiveair-flapcontrolhasamoresensitivesensorsystem,whichdetectsandevaluatesmore
temperaturethresholds.Amongotherthings,thefollowinginformationisusedforevaluation:

Coolanttemperature
Airconditioningcondensertemperature
Transmissionoiltemperature
Catalyticconvertertemperature
Chargeairtemperature
Braketemperature
Drivingspeed

4.2.Systemwiringdiagram

Systemwiringdiagramofactiveair-flapcontrolintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Enginecontrolunit(DME)
2 Coolanttemperaturesensor
3 Activeair-flapcontrol,top
4 Activeair-flapcontrol,bottom

32
G12Powertrain
4.Cooling
Index Explanation
5 Electricfan
6 Relayforelectricfan
7 Powerdistributionbox,enginecompartment
8 Powerdistributionbox,frontright
9 BodyDomainController(BDC)
10 CANterminator4
11 KOMBI
12 Coolantlevelsensor

33
G12Powertrain
5.FuelSupply
5.1.gasolineengine

SystemoverviewoffuelsupplyforgasolineengineintheG12

Index Explanation
1 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)
2 Purgeairline,carboncanister
3 Fuelfeedfromfueltank
4 Datalinetofuelpumpcontrolmodule
5 Deliveryunit
6 Fuelfillerneck

34
G12Powertrain
5.FuelSupply
Index Explanation
7 Fuelfillerflap
8 Rearrightpowerdistributionbox
9 Carboncanister
10 Fuelpumpcontrol(FPC)
11 Fueltank(78l)
12 Emergencyrelease
13 Freshairfilter
14 NaturalVacuumLeakDetection(NVLD)
15 Ventilationline,carboncanister
16 Tankventilationline

35
G12Powertrain
5.FuelSupply
5.2.Systemwiringdiagram

SystemwiringdiagramforfuelsupplyinG12

36
G12Powertrain
5.FuelSupply
Index Explanation
1 Enginecontrolunit(DME)
2 Instrumentpanel(KOMBI)
3 CANterminator4
4 BodyDomainController(BDC)
5 Rearrightpowerdistributionbox
6 Fuelpumpcontrol(FPC)
7 Electricfuelpump
8 Deliveryunit
9 Fuellevelsensor,left
10 Fuellevelsensor,right
11 NaturalVacuumLeakDetection(NVLD)

37
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.1.Enginecontrolunit
Anew8thgenerationenginecontrolunitfromBoschisusedintheG12.

6.1.1.NanoMQSplugconnections

8thgenerationenginecontrolunitwithnanoMQSplugconnectionsintheG12

Index Explanation
A NanoMQSplugconnections(MicroQuadloksystem)
1 Integratedsupplymodule
2 8thgenerationenginecontrolunit
3 Vehiclemodule(module100)
4 Sensormodule1(module200)
5 Sensormodule2(module300)
6 Valvetronicorpreheatingcontrol(module400)
7 Supplymodule(module500)
8 Ignitionandinjectionmodule(module600)

38
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
5ofthe6connectormoduleoftheenginecontrolunitareequippedwithananoMQSplugconnection
(MicroQuadloksystem)(see3).

ThenanoMQSplugconnectionoffersthefollowingadvantages:

Lowspacerequirement
Minimummass
Highvibrationresistance

Withaminimumwirecross-sectionof0.13mm0.35mm,thecompactnanoMQSplugconnection
offersasignificantweightadvantagecombinedwithexceptionallygoodvibrationresistance.Asa
resultofthereducedinstallationdimensions,itwaspossibletoreducethespacerequirementonthe
PCboard.ThenanoMQSplugconnectioncanbeoperatedwithcurrentsofuptoamax.3A.

Measurementsonthewiringharnessmustbeperformedexclusivelyusingthemeasuringprocedures
approvedbyBMW.Useoftheincorrecttools,suchasmeasuringprobes,candamagetheplug-in
contacts.

SystemoverviewwithnanoMQSplugconnections

ThefollowingsystemsarealsoequippedwiththenewnanoMQSplugconnection.

Rooffunctioncenter
Reversingcamera
RearSeatEntertainmentsystem
TelematicCommunicationBox(TCB)
Headunit
DigitalMotorElectronicsDME
Camera-basedassistancesystems
Interiorlight
Storageshelfspeakers

39
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.1.2.ControlunitcodeforDigitalMotorElectronicsDME

Thecontrolunitcode(DME8.x.yH)canbeinterpretedasfollows.

Abbreviation Meaning
DME DigitalMotorElectronics
8 Controlunitgeneration(modularplatformforgasolineanddieselengines)
X Numberofcylindersashexadecimalfigure
y Vehicleelectricalsystemarchitecture
H Hybridversion

Numberofcylindersashexadecimalfigure:

3=3-cylinderengine
4=4-cylinderengine
6=6-cylinderengine
8=8-cylinderengine
C=12-cylinderengine

Vehicleelectricalsystemarchitecture:

0=Vehicleelectricalsystemversion1(largeseries)
1=Vehicleelectricalsystemversion2(smallseries)

Examplesforgasolineengines

*
DME8.4.0H=B48PHEV (vehicleelectricalsystemversion1)
DME8.6.1=B58
DME8.8.0=N63TU2
DME8.C.0=N74TU

*
PHEV=Plug-inHybridElectricVehicle.

40
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.1.3.Specialtools

ToolsfornanoMQSplugconnections

ToolsfornanoMQSplugconnections

Index Explanation
A Crimpingpliers
B Crimpingpliershead
C Insulationstrippingtool

ThetoolsshowaboveareavailabletoBMWServiceforrepairofthenanoMQSconnectors.
Thecrimpingplierscanbeseparatedfromthecrimpingpliersheadandusedwithvariousother
attachments.

Thelengthofthewirestrandcanbepreadjustedbymeansofadepthgaugeontheinsulation
strippingtool.

Varioustestcablesareavailableforthetestcablecaseforelectricalmeasurementsonthenano
MQSplugconnections.

Tool Ordernumber
Crimpingpliers 0494159or0496849
Crimpingpliershead 83302407378
InsulationstrippingtoolfornanoMQS 83302407379
connectors
TestcablesetfornanoMQSconnectors 83302361523

41
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
AdaptercableDME

ThefollowingnewspecialtoolsareavailabletoServiceforelectricalmeasurementsonthevarious
controlunitconnectorsoftheDigitalMotorElectronicsDME.

Tool Ordernumber
Vadaptercable(24-pin) 83302352995
Vadaptercable(64-pin) 83302352993
Vadaptercable(54-pin) 83302352992
Vadaptercable(32-pin) 83302352991
Testboxset 83302352990

6.2.Automaticenginestart/stopfunction
TheMSA2.3isusedforthemodellaunchoftheG12.

MSA2.3systemcomponents

42
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
Index Explanation
1 Enginecompartmentlidcontactswitch
2 Outsidetemperaturesensor
3 Starter
4 Wheelspeedsensor
5 AGMbattery60Ah(ForEARS)
6 Evaporator
7 BodyDomainController(BDC)
8 Condensationsensor
9 START-STOPbutton
10 Integratedautomaticheating/airconditioning
11 Instrumentcluster(KOMBI)
12 Seatbeltbuckleswitch
13 IntelligentBatterySensor(IBS)
14 AGMbattery105Ah
15 PowerControlUnit(PCU)(DC/DCconverter)
16 Doorcontact
17 Hydraulicimpulsestorage
18 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)
19 Highpressurepump
20 DigitalMotorElectronics(DME)

TheoperatinglogicisknownfromthecurrentBMWmodels.Onlythechangesthatwillbeintroduced
withtheMSA2.3willbedescribedinthissection.

43
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
ThecomfortandavailabilityofMSA2.3havebeenfurtherincreasedcomparedwithMSA2.2.
Thefollowingmeasureshelpenhancethecomfort:

Theautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionisinitiatedat<3km/h/<1.8mph.
Thisincreasestheavailabilityoftheautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionand
makesiteasierforcustomerstounderstanditsoperation.
Theautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionstopisalsoinitiatedwhenthevehicle
isatastandstillonuphillanddownhillgradients.
Startingtimesandstarterturningoverarereduced.
Initiationofautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionstopatdriverrequest.
Preventionofautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionstopbytargeted"underbraking".
Reflexstartuptohigherenginespeedispossibleintheeventofasuddenchangeinmind.
Improvedstoppingandstartingcomfort.
Manoeuvrabilityduringautomaticenginestart-stopfunctioncoasting.
Manoeuvrabilityduringreflexstart.
Steeringwhenatstandstillduringengineshutdown(straightensteeringwheel).

6.2.1.Automaticmode
Theautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionisreadyforoperationfollowingeveryenginestart.

Theautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionisactivatedasfromacertaindrivingspeed:

>5km/h/>3mph

6.2.2.Driving
Aslongasthevehicleisinmotionthedriverwillnotbeawareoftheautomaticenginestart-stop
function.

44
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
Index Explanation
1 Vehiclemoving.
2 Selectorleverindriveposition"D",driveroperatesacceleratorpedal.
3 Enginerunning,theenginespeeddisplayandfuelconsumptiondisplay
correspondtothedrivingsituation.

Thegoaloftheautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionistoswitchofftheenginewhenthevehiclespeed
fallsbelow3km/h/1.8mphontheflatorwhenthevehicleisatastandstillonuphillanddownhill
gradients.

6.2.3.Stopping
Thestoppingprocesswithsubsequentenginestopfromthedriver'spointofviewisasfollows:

Index Explanation
1 Vehicleisdeceleratedataredtrafficlight,forexample.
2 Selectorleverremainsinthe"D"driveposition,driverpressesthebrakepedal
todeceleratethevehicleandthevehiclespeeddropsto<3km/h/1.8mphor
=0km/h/0mphonuphillordownhillgradients.
3 Engineisswitchedoff,enginespeeddisplayshowsReady.Thevehicleis
heldbytheDSChydraulicsonuphillordownhillgradients.

Inthesituationdepictedabovethedriverholdsthevehicleatastandstillbyoperatingthebrakepedal.

Alternatively,thedrivercanmovetheselectorleverfromthe"D"tothe"P"positionandreleasethe
brakepedal.Theengineremainsswitchedoff.

45
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.4.Pullaway
Thedriverindicateshisintentiontodriveoffbyreleasingthebrakepedalthenoperatingthe
acceleratorpedal.

Index Explanation
1 Driverwishestocontinuethejourney(greenlight).
2 Theselectorleverremainsinthe"D"driveposition,driverreleasesthebrake
pedalandthenoperatestheacceleratorpedal.
3 Theengineisstarted,theenginespeeddisplaychangesfromReadytoidle
speed.Thevehicledrivesoffuponsubsequentoperationoftheaccelerator
pedal.TheDSChydraulicsisadditionallyreleasedonuphillanddownhill
gradients.

Ifthedriverheldthecaratastandstilluptothispointbyoperatingthebrakepedal,theenginestarts
assoonasthedriverreleasesthebrakepedal.

Ifthedriverputtheselectorleverintoposition"P"aftertheenginewasswitchedoffautomatically,
theenginestartsautomaticallyiftheselectorleverisnowmovedtoposition"D".

Inthiscase,theautomaticenginestartisactivatedbytheDSCcontrolunitthatmonitorsthebrake
pressure,andnotautomaticallyviaasignalfromthebrakelightswitch.

AutomaticHold

Ifthedriverhasactivatedthe"AutomaticHold"function,hecanalsoreleasethebrakepedaloncethe
vehiclehascometoastandstill.Theautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionalsoswitchestheengineoff
inthiscase.ThevehicleisheldatastandstillbytheDSChydraulics.Theengineonlystartswhenthe
driveroperatestheacceleratorpedal.

46
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.5.Automaticenginestart-stopfunctionstoponuphillgradients
IncontrasttotheMSA2.2,whichimmediatelystoppedtheengineonlyuptoanuphillordownhill
gradient(uptoapprox.3.5%),withtheMSA2.3theengineisalsostoppedonuphillordownhill
gradientsatvehiclestandstill..

MSA2.3stoppingdecelerationonuphillgradient

Index Explanation
1 Vehiclespeed
2 Vehicleexcitation
a Roadwayexcitation
b Stoppingjerkofthevehicle

ThisismadepossiblebycommunicationoftheMSAviatheenginecontrolDME,electronic
transmissioncontrol(EGS)andDynamicStabilityControl(DSC).Ifanenginestopisinitiatedvia
MSA2.3,thevehicleissimultaneouslyalsoheldonuphillgradientsviatheDSChydraulics(drive-off
assistant).Thevehicledoesnotrollbackonuphillgradientsevenifthedriverchangeshismindwith
aso-calledreflexstart.

47
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.6.Comfortconcept
Itwaspossibletofurtherimprovethestoppingandstartingcomfortbyintelligentinteractionofthe
enginecontrolDME,electronictransmissioncontrol(EGS)andthebrakeDSC.

ByinclusionoftheValvetronicforthegasolineengine,theValvetronicisadjustedalmost
completelytozeroliftwhiletheengineisbeingswitchedoff.Aftertheenginehasstopped,the
Valvetronicisadjustedtoidlepositionagaininordertobepreparedforapossibleenginestart.
Thevehiclecanalsobeheldsecurelyonuphillanddownhillgradientsforanautomaticengine
stopandstartbytargeteduseoftheDSChydraulics(drive-offassistant)incombinationwith
theMSA2.3.
TheMSA2.3permitscomfortableenginestoppingandstartingduetothefactthatthe
transmissionintheG12cannowbedisconnectedviathereleaseatstandstillfunctionforthe
torqueconverterandthusfortheautomatictransmission.Withoutthisreleaseatstandstill,
anydisturbingtorquefluctuationsthatoccurasaresultoftheautomaticenginestoporstart
willbefeltinthedrivetrain.

6.2.7.Startstrategy

MSA2.3startstrategy

Index Explanation
A Systemstartviareleaseatstandstill(withoutstartingrequest)
B Convenientstart(startrequestwithoutacceleratorpedal)
C Dynamicstart(startrequestwithacceleratorpedal)
1 Enginespeed
2 Releaseatstandstillactive

48
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
Index Explanation
3 Positionofmultidiscclutch
a Idlespeed
b Multidiscclutchclosed
c Multidiscclutchopen

WiththeMSA2.3,theautomaticenginestartoftheG12withautomatictransmissionwasfurther
optimizedbyuseofthereleaseatstandstillfunction.

Itisnowpossibletostarttheenginewithevenmorecomfortandwithoutanyinfluenceonthedrive
trainatthesystemstartbyusingthereleaseatstandstillfunction.

Systemstartviarelease Convenientstart Dynamicstart

atstandstill
Theautomaticenginestartis Theautomaticenginestart Theautomaticenginestart
effectedbyasystemswitch- iseffectedbyreleasingthe iseffectedbyreleasingthe
onrequest(e.g.bytheheating brake,theacceleratorpedal brake,theacceleratorpedal
andairconditioningsystem), isnotpressed. ispressedfordriveoff.
thebrakepedalremains
pressed.
Theenginespeedisslowly Theenginespeedisslowly Theenginespeedisincreased
increaseduntilitreachesthe increaseduntilitreaches quickly.
idlespeed. theidlespeed.
Theengineremains Themultidiscclutchinthe Themultidiscclutchinthe
disconnectedfromthe automatictransmission automatictransmission
automatictransmissionand closesslowly. closesquickly.
thusfromthedrivetrainviathe
releaseatstandstillfunction.
Thismeansthatthereis Smoothandcomfortable Quickdriveoffistherefore
noinfluenceonthedrive drive-offismadepossible. madepossible.
train,therebypreventinga
longitudinaljerkbythedrive
trainwhichcanbefeltbythe
driver.

Foranenginestartwithfewervibrations,withthesystemstartandconvenientstartingtheengine
speedisinitiallyincreasedquicklyandthensloweruntilitreachestheidlespeed.Theignitiontiming
isadjustedtothe"late"directionforthis.

49
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.8.Reflexstartintheeventofachangeinmind
Theso-calledreflexstartisasignificantchallengefortheautomaticenginestart-stopfunction.This
isthesituationwheretheenginehasnotyetcompletelystoppedafteranautomaticenginestart-stop
functionstop,butanautomaticstartisalreadyrequestedagain.Itwasnotpossiblewithconventional
startermotorstoengageinarotatingringgearduringthisreflexstart.WiththeMSA2.2,anewstarter
motortechnologywasusedforthefirsttimewhichenabledcomfortableengagementuptoanengine
speedof150rpm.

WiththeintroductionoftheMSA2.3,ithasnowbeenpossibletoincreasethisto>500rpm.Since
thepossibilitieswithaconventionalstartermotorareexhaustedhere,thisreflexstartisdonebythe
enginecontrolDME.Thisfunctionisreferredtoasaflyingstart:

Enginespeed>500rpm
The"flyingstart"functioncanbeapplieduptoanenginespeedof>500rpm.Forthis
purpose,combustionisresumedagainduringtheenginestoppingprocessintheeventofan
automaticenginestart-stopfunctionstopandaninitiatedreflexstart.Thisisachievedonthe
gasolineenginebytargetedignitionintherelevantcylinders.
Enginespeed<500rpm
Ifthespeeddropstobelow500rpm,the"flyingstart"functionforareflexstartisnolonger
possible.Inthiscase,itisnecessarytowaituntiltheenginespeedhasfallenbelow150rpm.
Theenginecanbestartedagainbymeansofthestartermotorwhentheenginespeedhas
droppedbelow150rpm.

MSA2.3reflexstart

Index Explanation
1 DriverrequestSTART
2 Flyingstart500rpm(MSA2.3)
3 EngagementwithstartermotorKSopt150150rpm(MSA2.2)
4 EngagementwithstartermotorKSopt00rpm(MSA2.1)

TheabbreviationKSoptstandsforoptimizedconventionalstartermotor.
KSopt150:Reinforcedstartermotorthatcanengageupto150rpm.
KSopt0:Reinforcedstartermotorthatcanengageonlyatenginestandstill.

50
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.9.Automaticenginestopatdriverrequest
Undercertainconditions,itispossiblethatthedriverwouldliketoinitiateanautomaticenginestart-
stopfunctionstop,e.g.withactiveswitch-offinhibitor.

Index Explanation
1 Vehicleisdeceleratedtoastandstillataredtrafficlight,forexample.
Theenginecontinuesrunning.
2 Afterthevehiclehascometoastandstill,thebrakepedalisbrieflypressed
forcefullyandthenisimmediatelyheldwiththeusualpedalforceor"P"is
selectedbriefly.
3 Engineisswitchedoff,enginespeeddisplayshowsReady.

6.2.10.Manoeuvrabilityforautomaticenginestart-stopfunction
coastingorstop
WithMSA2.3,steeringispossibleduringautomaticenginestart-stopfunctioncoastingbelowV<3
km/h/1.8mphorwhenthevehicleisstoppedV=0km/h.Inaddition,asecond60AhAGMauxiliary
batterymaybeused,dependingontheoptionalequipment(SA),whichsupportsthevehicleelectrical
systematenginestandstill,e.g.intheautomaticenginestart-stopfunctionstopphases,andthusalso
supportssteeringviatheEPSwhencoastingbelowV>3km/h/1.8mphorintheeventofanengine
standstillV=0km/h.

Furtherinformationonthevoltagesupplyforthe12voltsystemsisprovidedintheTechnicalTraining
ManualG12GeneralVehicleElectronics.

6.2.11.Switch-offinhibitors
Undercertainconditionsitisnecessarytosuppresstheautomaticenginestart-stopfunction.
ThefollowingparameterschangewiththeMSA2.3comparedwiththeMSA2.2:

Thevehicleisrollingonuphillordownhillgradients(drivingspeed>1km/h/.6mph).
Theambienttemperatureisabove35C/95Fwiththeairconditioningswitched
on(30C/86FforMSA2.2).

51
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
6.2.12.Switch-onprompts
Conversely,itmayalsobenecessarytostarttheengine.Thefollowingparameterschangewiththe
MSA2.3comparedwiththeMSA2.2:

Theambienttemperatureisabove35C/86Fwithairconditioningswitchedon.
thevehiclerolls(vehiclespeed>3km/h/>1.8mph).

6.3.ActiveSoundDesign(ASD)
WithActiveSoundDesignASD,thesoundoftherespectiveengineisnotchangedbutisemphasized
dependingontheselecteddrivingmode.

ActiveSoundDesignASDintheG12

Index Explanation
A Audiosignaloftheheadunit
B AudiosignaloftheActiveSoundDesign(ASD)controlunit
(processedaudiosignalforperfectenginesound)
1 Rearrightpowerdistributionbox
AMP Amplifier
ASD ActiveSoundDesigncontrolunit
BDC BodyDomainController
DME DigitalMotorElectronics
Headunit Controlunitforentertainmentandinfotainmentfunctions
K-CAN4 BodyCAN4
PT-CAN PowertrainCAN

52
G12Powertrain
6.EngineElectricalSystem
TheenginecontrolunitcontrolstheActiveSoundDesign(ASD)ofthevehicleusingcharacteristic
datasuchasenginespeed,loadanddrivingspeed.TheASDtransportstheoptimumsoundintothe
vehicleinterior.

TheActiveSoundDesign(ASD)canbetemporarilydeactivatedduringatestdrive(noiseanalysis
drive)bymeansoftheBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.However,permanentdeactivationoftheASDis
notpossible.IftheASDisdeactivatedviatheISTAfunction"ASDmutingON",theASDwillremain
switchedoffonlyuntilthenextterminalchange.

AdeactivatedASDisactivatedagainaftereveryterminalchange.

53
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
TheG12vehicleisequippedwiththerevamped8HPTUautomatictransmission,whichisalready
knownfromtheF23(2Seriesconvertible)andF85/F86(X5M,X6M).

8HPTUautomatictransmissionwithacousticencapsulationintheG12

Index Explanation
A 8HPTUfor6-cylinderengines
B 8HPTUfor8-cylinderengines
1 Transmissionbreather
2 Acousticencapsulation(three-part)
3 Acousticencapsulation(two-part)
4 Mechanismforemergencyrelease
5 Electricalconnection(mechatronicstovehicleelectricalsystem)

7.1.Transmissionvariants
Differenttransmissionvariantsareuseddependingontheengineinstalled.

Engine GA8HP50Z GA8HP75Z

6-cylindergasolineengine X
(B58)
8-cylinderenginegasoline X
engine(N63TU2)

54
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.2.Highlights
Thefollowingfurtherdevelopmentsmadeitpossibletoincreasethecomfort,dynamicsandefficiency
oftherevamped8-speedautomaticgearbox:

Improveddrivingcomfortthroughhot-enddecouplingoftherotational
imbalanceoftheenginebymeansofacentrifugalpendulum.
Improvedshiftingcomfortthroughslightlyincreasedgearsteps
(2modifiedplanetarygearsets).
Increasedefficiencythroughoptimumgearspreadandgearstepping.
Reductionofvehicle-specificinsulationmeasuresduetoacoustic
encapsulationonthetransmission.
FunctionalenhancementsintheareaofConnectedShift.
Enhancedcustomerexperienceduetonewoperatingpossibilities
withthedrivingexperienceswitchorshiftpaddles.

7.3.Description
Thefollowingtableprovidesanoverviewofthecompositionofthedifferenttransmissioncodes.

Position Meaning Index Explanation

1 Description G Transmission
2 Typeoftransmission A Automatictransmission
3 Numberofgears 6 6forwardgears
8 8forwardgears
4 Typeoftransmission HP Hydraulicplanetary
geartrain
5+6 Transferabletorque 19 300Nm
26 600Nm
32 720Nm
45(General 350Nm
Motors 450Nm
Powertrain) 500Nm
45 700Nm
(Zahnradfabrik 900Nm
Friedrichshafen) 950Nm
50
70
90
95
7 Manufacturer G Getrag
J Jatco
R GeneralMotorsPowertrain
Z Zahnradfabrik
H Friedrichshafen
In-housepart

55
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.4.Technicaldata
The8HPTUmodulartransmissions8HP50and8HP75replacetheestablished8-speedautomatic
transmissions8HP45and8HP70,whichhadtheirseriesintroductionintheF07in2009.

Thefollowingtableshowsacomparisonofthetwotransmissiongenerations.

Technical Unit 8HP50(new) 8HP45(old) 8HP75(new) 8HP70(old)

data
Maximum kW 260 240 350 380
inputpower,
gasoline
Maximum Nm 500 450 700 700
inputtorque,
gasoline

Thefollowingtableshowsthedifferenttransmissionratiosinthedifferentdrivepositionsofthe
respectiveautomatictransmissions.

Driveposition 8HP50(new) 8H75/95(new) 8HP45(old) 8HP70/90(old)

1stgear 5.000 5.000 4.714 4.714
2ndgear 3.200 3.200 3.143 3.143
3rdgear 2.143 2.143 2.106 2.106
4thgear 1.720 1.720 1.667 1.667
5thgear 1.314 1.313 1.285 1.285
6thgear 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
7thgear 0.822 0.823 0.839 0.839
8thgear 0.640 0.640 0.667 0.667
Reversegear 3.456 3.478 3.295 3.317
P
N
Spread 7.81 7.81 7.07 7.07

Thespreadisdefinedbytheratiobetweenthelowestandhighestgears.Thespreadcanbe
calculatedasfollows:

Ratioof1stgear:ratioof8thgear=spread.

Examplecalculationofspreadforthe8HP50(new)transmission:

5.000:0.640=7.81.

56
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.5.Shiftmatrix

Overviewofautomatictransmission8HPTUintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Guidepin
2 Converterlockupclutch
3 Spring/Dampersystem
4 Torqueconverter
5 Turbinewheel
6 Impeller
7 Transmissionoutputshaft
8 Hydraulicimpulsestorage
9 Mechatronics
10 Vane-typecompressor
11 Stator
12 Centrifugalpendulum
B1 Brake1

57
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Index Explanation
B2 Brake2
K1 Clutch1
K2 Clutch2
K3 Clutch3
P1 Planetarygearset1
P2 Planetarygearset2
P3 Planetarygearset3
P4 Planetarygearset4

Thefollowingtableshowstheshiftmatrixofthedifferentgearsofthe8-speedautomatic
transmission.

Driveposition Brakes Clutch

B1 B2 K1 K2 K3
1stgear X X X
2ndgear X X X
3rdgear X X X
4thgear X X X
5thgear X X X
6thgear X X X
7thgear X X X
8thgear X X X
Reversegear X X X
P X
N X
Spread

7.6.Torqueconverterwithcentrifugalpendulum
Inordertoreducefuelconsumptionandcarbondioxideemissions,high-chargedenginesareused,
thenumberofcylindersisreducedandthedrivablespeedsarelowered.

However,withthesemeasurestherotationalimbalanceatthecrankshaftisincreasedwhich
iscausedbytheaccelerationduringthepowercycleanddecelerationduringthecompression
cycle.Thisirregularrotationisthereasonfortorsionalvibrationsinthedrivetrain.

Theoccurringtorsionalvibrationsnearthesource,i.e.inthetorqueconverter,arethereforeminimized.

58
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Whentheconverterlockupclutchisopenthereisadifferenceinspeedoraslipinthetorqueconverter
betweenpumpandturbinewheel.Thetorsionalvibrationsoftheenginecanbecompensatedby
thisslipandthehydrodynamicpowertransmission.However,thesliphasanegativeeffectonthe
efficiency.

Whentheconverterlockupclutchisclosedthereisapositiveconnectionbetweentheimpellerand
theturbinewheel.Aslipisavoided,howeverthereisnolongeranyvibration-reducingeffect.Thisis
whyaspring/dampersystemisinstalledwhichreducesthetorsionalvibrationsoftheengine.

Torqueconverterwithcentrifugalpendulum

Index Explanation
1 Converterlockupclutch
2 Spring/Dampersystem
3 Centrifugalpendulum
4 Turbinewheel
5 Impeller
6 Stator

59
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Thecentrifugalpendulumissecuredbetweentheturbinewheelandspring/dampersystem.

Centrifugalpendulum

Index Explanation
1 Sheetmetal
2 Roller
3 Mass

60
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission

Functionofcentrifugalpendulum

Index Explanation
A Oscillatingmass
B Torsionalvibrationsoftheengine

Thecentrifugalpendulumconsistsof2guideplateswhichareattachedtoeachotherandwhich
allowdampingmassestomovebetweenthemondefinedpaths.Arch-shapedcurvedtracksare
integratedinthesheetmetalandinthemasses,whichserveasrunningtracks.Thedampingmasses
areconnectedwiththeguideplatesbytworollersineachcaseandcanmovealongthecurvedpaths.

Thecentrifugalpendulumconsistsofseveraloscillatingmasses(dynamicvibrationabsorbers).
Theyvibratecontrarytothetorsionalvibrationsandcompensateforthese.Atlowenginespeeds,
i.e.preciselywhentheannoyingvibrationsoccurmost,thedeflectionofthedynamicvibration
absorbersisparticularlybig.

61
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Thefollowingadvantagesresultfromdeletingthetorsionalvibrations:

Theconverterlockupclutchcanremainclosedoveralargerenginespeedrange.
Theslipintheconverterlockupclutchcanbereducedandthusalsotheslippercentage
inthetorqueconverter.Theefficiencyisthereforeimproved.
Lowerenginespeedscanbedriven.

Thesemeasuresleadtoareductionofthefuelconsumptionandimprovedacousticsinthepassenger
compartment.

7.7.Sportautomatictransmission
InthestandardequipmentSteptronicSporttransmission(2TB),thecustomeradditionallyreceives2
shiftpaddlesonthesteeringwheelandadditionalfunctionssuchastheLaunchControl.

7.7.1.LaunchControl
Asanadditionalcustomerfunction,vehicleswiththeoptionalequipmentSteptronicSport
transmission(2TB)areequippedwithaLaunchControl.Thisfunctionallowscustomerstoreproduce
themanufacturer'sspecificationsfor0-100km/h/0-62mphacceleration(racingstart)ingood
ambientconditionswhenthetransmissionisatoperatingtemperature.

Thefollowingillustrationshowsthe5stepsforactivationofLaunchControl.

ActivationofLaunchControlintheG12

62
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Index Explanation
1 ActivateDynamicTractionControl(DTC)(pressDTCbuttonbriefly)
2 Moveselectorleverto"S"position(Sport)
3 Depressthebrakeveryfirmlyandhold
4 Pressacceleratorpedaltokick-down
5 Releasebrakeandholdacceleratorpedalinkick-downposition

Theadditionalaccelerationisachievedbyshiftingtothenext-highergearwithoutreducingtheengine
torque.

7.7.2.Functionalenhancementsoftheshiftpaddles

ShiftpaddlesontheautomaticSporttransmissionoftheG12

Index Explanation
+ Upshift
Downshift

Thedrivercanchangetomanualshiftmodebymeansoftheshiftpaddles.Thedrivercanmanually
shifttothenexthigherorlowergearsbyactuatingthe+/-shiftpaddles.

Activationofmanualshiftmodein"D"position(Drive)

Ifoneofthetwoshiftpaddles(+or)ispressedin"D"position,theelectronictransmissioncontrol
(EGS)switchestoatime-limitedmanualshiftmode.Dependingontherouteprofile,thismodeis
cancelledautomaticallyeitherearlierorlater(normalvalueapproximately20s)ifoneofthetwoshift
paddlesisnotactuatedinthistime.Thedrivingprofileisdetectedbymeansofthesteeringwheel
movementsaswellasthedynamicaccelerationforcesactingonthevehicle.

Itispossibletocancelmanualmodeprematurelybyalongpullonthe+shiftpaddle.

63
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Activationofmanualshiftmodein"S"position(Sport)

Ifoneofthetwoshiftpaddles(+/-)isactuated,theelectronictransmissioncontrol(EGS)permanently
switchestomanualshiftmode.

Itispossibletocancelmanualmodeagainbyalongpullonthe+shiftpaddle.

Activationofcoasting

Thedrivercanmanuallyactivatecoastingmodebymeansofthefollowingconfiguration:

GearselectorswitchinDposition(Drive)
DrivingexperienceswitchinECOPROmode
Acceleratorpedalnotactuated
CoastingmodeactivatedinECOPROconfigurationmenu(CID)
Multipleoperationof+shiftpaddleuntilnologicalhighergearselectionispossible

Thevehiclenowswitchestocoastingmode.Theengineisdisengagedfromthetransmissionin
coastingmode.Theenginecontinuesrunningatidlespeed.

Coastingmodeiscancelledagainbyactuatingtheshiftpaddleortheacceleratorpedal.

TherespectivemodeisdisplayedtothedriverbymeansoftheBMWEfficientDynamicsdisplayinthe
instrumentcluster.

BMWEfficientDynamicsdisplayintheG12

Index Explanation
A Coastingmodedeactivated
B Coastingmodeactivated
1 Energyrecoverydisplay(systembatterycharging)
2 BMWEfficientDynamicsmarker
3 Accelerationdisplay

64
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.8.ConnectedShift
ConnectedShiftusesthefollowingsystemsforapredictiveshiftstrategy:

Useofthenavigationdata
Useoftheradarsensors

Useofthenavigationdataisalreadyknownfromthe5SeriesLCI.Useofthenavigationdatais
mentionedinthisdocumenttobetterunderstandthesystem.

7.8.1.Useofthenavigationdata
ConnectedShiftusesnavigationdataforaforward-thinkingshiftstrategyoftheautomatic
transmission.If,forexample,asharpbendisdetected,theautomatictransmissionshiftsdown
earlyandthegearisretainedinthebend.

Therouteguidanceofthenavigationsystemdoesnotneedtobeactivatedforthefunction.However,
theidentificationofaturn-offrequest,forexamplebytheactiverouteguidanceoroperatingtheturn
indicator,helpstocontrolthesystemmoreaccurately.Up-to-datenavigationmapdataalsoinfluences
thecontrolaccuracy.

Advantages

ConnectedShiftoffersvariousadvantagesdependingontheroute:

Trafficguidance Advantages
Bend/Subsequentbend Higherenginebrakingeffectbeforethebend
Tensileforcereserveforacceleratingfromthebend
Optimizedshiftcharacteristicsinthebend

Intersections Uponrecognizedturn-offrequestbyactiverouteguidance
oroperationoftheturnindicator:

Higherenginebrakingeffectbeforeintersections
Optimizedshiftcharacteristicsintheintersections

Trafficcircle Higherenginebrakingeffectbeforethetrafficcircle
Tensileforcereservebeforeentry
Optimizedshiftcharacteristicsinthetrafficcircle
andintheexit

65
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
ShiftexampleforavehiclewithandwithoutConnectedShift

ConnectedShiftshiftexample

Index Explanation
A ShiftpointswithoutConnectedShift
B ShiftpointswithConnectedShift
a Takingthefootoffthegas(coasting(overrun)mode)
b Slightbrakecontrol
c Acceleratorpedalisoperated

ConnectedShiftcanselectdownshiftsbeforecurvesandavoidupanddownshiftsbetween
consecutivecurves.Ahigherenginebrakingeffectbeforeacurveisachieved,aswellasareduction
oftheshiftfrequencyincurvesandoptimalexitingfromthecurves.

7.8.2.Useofradar
Theradar-basedConnectedShiftisnewandavailableforthefirsttimeinaBMWvehicle.

Aprerequisiteforuseofthisfunctionisequipmentwithfrontandrearradarsystems.Thefollowing
tableprovidesinformationonthevehicleequipmentinwhicharadarsystemisused.

equipmentversion Frontradar, Frontradar,side Rearradar

center
Standardversion
DrivingAssistant(5AS) 2
ActiveDrivingAssistantPlus 1 2 2
includesACCStopandGo(5AT)

66
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission

Radar-basedConnectedShiftintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Frontradar,center
2 Frontradar,sideleft
3 Frontradar,sideright
4 Rearradar,sideright
5 Rearradar,sideleft

Ifavehicledetectsrapidapproachtoanobstacleviathefrontradar,theelectronictransmissioncontrol
(EGS)automaticallyshiftsdowntoalowergear.

Thelowergearoffersthedriverthefollowingadvantages:

Thehigherenginebrakingtorquereducesthedrivingspeedifthedriver
isnottryingtoovertake.
Ifanovertakingmanoeuvreisabouttotakeplace,thedriverhasahigher
tractivepowerreserveoftheengineavailable.

Inadditiontothefrontradar,thesystemalsousesthesideradar,e.g.inordertomakeiteasiertofeed
intoflowingtrafficthankstoanoptimumgearselection.

67
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.8.3.Characteristicsandavailability
InSPORTandCOMFORTmodesthecharacteristicsofConnectedShiftareadaptedtotherespective
drivingprogram,inECOPROmodeConnectedShiftisnotavailable.ConnectedShiftisalsonot
availableduringcontroloperationofcruisecontrol.

Aprerequisiteisthatthenavigationmapdataandtherequiredadditionalinformationforthecountry
areavailable.Thisisdependentonthenavigationmapproviderandisnotavailableworldwideforall
countries.

Aprerequisiteforradar-basedConnectedShiftistheoptionalequipmentActiveDrivingAssistantPlus
(5AT).

7.9.Newfunctions

7.9.1.Transmissionbehaviorwhendrivingoff
Whenthevehicleisatstandstillwiththebrakepedalpressedandtheselecteddriveposition,adefined
converterslipoftheautomatictransmissionisnotsetaspreviously.Instead,theclutchremains
completelyopenforselectionofagear(releaseatstandstill).Whenthebrakeisreleasedaftervehicle
standstill,thevehicledoesnotcrawl(rollingawaypossible).Crawlingcanbeactivatedonrequestby
pressingtheacceleratorpedal.Thecrawlfunctioniscancelledagainonlywhenthevehicleisonce
moreatstandstill.

7.9.2.SteppedSportshiftmode
AnewfeatureintheG12isanadditionalsportshiftmapwhichoffersthedriverafurtherconfiguration
optionbetween"D"(Drive)and"S"(Sport)drivepositions.

68
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission

ActivationoftheadditionalSportshiftmapD+FESSportintheG12

Index Explanation
1 PersonalizationmenuontheCentralInformationDisplay(CID)
2 ConfigurationofautomatictransmissioninSportmode
3 GearselectorswitchinD(Drive)
4 DrivingexperienceswitchinSportmode

Withpreviousautomatictransmissions,itwaspossibletochangetoSportmodeforasportydriving
styleonlybymeansofthegearselectorswitch.

IntheG12,thereisanadditionalsteppedSportshiftmode,whichcanbeactivatedasfollows:

GearselectorswitchinDposition(Drive)
DrivingexperienceswitchinSport

InsteppedSportshiftmode,upshiftstakeplacelateranddownshiftsearlierthaninD(Drive)mode.
However,theshiftpointsarenotatthesamelevelasforpureSportmode(gearselectorswitchinS).

ThesteppedSportshiftmodecanbeactivatedordeactivatedbymeansofthepersonalizationmenu
ontheCentralInformationDisplay(CID).

Thisadditionalconfigurationoptionallowsthedrivertoadaptthevehicletohisgearshiftwishes
moreexactly.

69
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.10.Transmissionemergencyrelease
Transmissionemergencyrelease:

1 Mechanicaltransmissionemergencyrelease.
2 Electronictransmissionemergencyrelease.

7.10.1.Mechanicaltransmissionemergencyrelease
Themechanicaltransmissionemergencyreleasehasalsobeenmodified.Forthispurposetheparking
locklevermustbesecuredusinganewspecialtool(ordernumber83302355850)intheposition
picturedbelow.

F23mechanicaltransmissionemergencyreleaseGA8HP50Z

70
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Index Explanation
A Transmissionparkinglockengaged
B Transmissionparkinglockreleased
1 Parkinglocklever

ThemechanicaltransmissionemergencyreleasemayonlybeoperatedbytrainedServicepersonnel.
Thevehiclemustbesecuredtopreventitfromrollingawayduringemergencyrelease.

7.10.2.Electronictransmissionemergencyrelease
OperationoftheelectronictransmissionemergencyreleasewassimplifiedintheG12.Therequired
conditionsandprocedureareexplainedinmoredetailbelow.

Electronictransmissionemergencyreleaseispossibleonlywhentheenginedoesnotstartbutthe
startermotorturns.

Theelectronictransmissionemergencyreleaseisactivefor30minutes.Wheelspeedsignalsdue
tomovementofthevehicledonothaveanyinfluenceonthepredefinedperiod,buttheypreventthe
parkinglockfrombeingengagedaslongastheyaretransmitted.Ifavehicleismovedshortlybefore
expiryofthe30minutes,forexample,theparkinglockwillbeengagedonlywhenthevehiclecomes
toastandstillagain.Thetimespecifiedisalsodependentonthebatterycapacity.Time-independent
activationoftheparkinglocktakesplaceifthebatteryvoltagefallsbelowdefinedvoltagethresholds.

Thevehiclemustbesecuredtopreventitfromrollingawaybeforeperformingelectronictransmission
emergencyrelease

71
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission

ElectronictransmissionemergencyreleaseintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Pressbrakepedalandholddownduringtheprocedure.
2 Pressstart/stopbuttonandholddownduringtheprocedure.
3 Pressreleasebuttonatelectronicgearselectorswitch.
4 Pressandholddownreleasebutton,movethegearselectorswitch
toNpositionandholdinthispositionforapprox.5seconds.
5 AssoonasN(neutral)hasbeenengagedinthetransmission,
aCheckControlmessagewillappearintheinstrumentcluster.
6 Thebrakepedal,start/stopbutton,gearselectorswitchandrelease
buttoncanbereleased.

72
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Thefollowingconditionscanpreventorimpedeelectricaltransmissionemergencyrelease:

Ifthevehicleisonanincline(tensioninginthedrivetrain).
Atveryhighorlowtransmissionoiltemperatures(modifiedviscosity).

Thevehicleisonlycapableofmanoeuvringandcannotbetowedaftersuccessfulelectronic
transmissionemergencyrelease.

Detailedinformationontheelectronictransmissionemergencyreleaseisprovidedinthe
correspondingrepairinstructionsandintheOwner'sHandbook.

7.11.Towing

TowingtheG12

Index Explanation
A Towingonbothvehicleaxles
B Towingontherearvehicleaxle
C Recoveryonatransportdeck

73
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Towingoftheautomatictransmissiononthedrivenvehicleaxleisnotpermitted.Limitedtimeand
speed-dependenttowingwouldnottechnicallydamagetheautomatictransmission,butpermanent
releaseoftheparkinglockcannotbeguaranteedduetothechangedmechanicalandelectronic
transmissionemergencyrelease.Suddenengagementoftheparkinglockduringatowingoperation
onthedrivenvehicleaxlecanleadtodamagetothevehicleandtoseriousaccidents.

74
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
7.12.Systemwiringdiagram

SystemwiringdiagramofelectronictransmissioncontrolEGSintheG12

75
G12Powertrain
7.AutomaticTransmission
Index Explanation
1 Enginecontrolunit(DME)
2 Electronictransmissioncontrol(EGS)
3 Powerdistributionbox,frontright
4 CANterminator4
5 BodyDomainController(BDC)
6 CANterminator5
7 AdvancedCrashSafetyModule(ACSM)
8 Gearselectorswitch(GWS)
9 Acceleratorpedalmodule
10 Brakelightswitch
11 Steeringcolumnswitchcluster
12 Instrumentpanel(KOMBI)
13 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)

76
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.1.Overviewofall-wheeldrivesystems
Theall-wheeldrivevariantsusedatBMWdifferwithrespecttothedifferentdriveplatforms.Although
theall-wheeldrivesystemofthefront-wheeldrive-basedvehiclessuchastheX1F48differsfromthat
oftherear-wheeldrive-basedvehicles,bothall-wheeldrivesystemsarereferredtoasxDriveatBMW.

Overviewofall-wheeldrivesystemsinthedifferentseries

Index Explanation
A Rear-wheeldrive-basedxDrive
B Front-wheeldrive-basedxDrive
1 Frontaxledifferential
2 Manualgearboxorautomatictransmission
3 Transferbox
4 Rearaxlefinaldrive
5 Bevelgears
6 Longitudinaltorquedistribution(integratedintherearaxledifferential)

77
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Arear-wheeldrive-basedxDriveisusedintheG12.

ThefollowingtableprovidesanoverviewofthedifferenttransferboxesusedatBMW.

User VTG20062009 Technicaldata

E6x ATC300
E9x Powertransmissionbyspurgearset
UseinsaloonsandX1
Weightwithoil25.2kg
Multidiscclutchupto1400Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

E83 ATC400
Powertransmissionbychain
UseinXvehiclesapartfromX1
Weightwithoil24.2kg
Multidiscclutchupto1400Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

E70 ATC700
Powertransmissionbychain
UseinXvehiclesapartfromX1
Weightwithoil24.5kg
Multidiscclutchupto1600Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

78
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Use VTG20092011 Technicaldata
E84 ATC350
Powertransmissionbyspurgearsetwithoutoilpump
UseinsaloonsandX1
Weightwithoil23.9kg
Multidiscclutchupto1400Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

F25 ATC450
Powertransmissionbychainwithoutoilpump
UseinXvehiclesapartfromX1
Weightwithoil21.2kg
Multidiscclutchupto1400Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

Use VTGLightsince2011 Technicaldata

E84 ATC350L
Powertransmissionbyspurgearset
UseinsaloonsandX1
Weightwithoil22.6kg
Multidiscclutchupto1100Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

F25 ATC450L
Powertransmissionbychain
UseinXvehiclesapartfromX1
Weightwithoil19.5kg
Multidiscclutchupto1100Nm
Torquebuildup0~1000Nmin<125ms
Torquereduction1000~50Nmin<100ms
Startingcurrent30A/holdingcurrent56A

79
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Use VTGfrom2015 Technicaldata
G12 ATC131
Powertransmissionbychain
Useofstandardtransferbox(allmodels)
Multidiscclutchupto1300Nm

8.2.NewfeaturesinxDrive
Theoptionalall-wheeldriveoftheG12doesnotdiffervisuallyfromtherear-wheeldrive-basedxDrive
systemscurrentlyused.

However,thexDriveoftheG12offersthefollowingnewfeatures:

Themaximumtransferabletorqueto1300Nm.
Reductioninthethermalloadbyover-openingoftheall-wheeldrivemultidiscclutches.
Reducedfuelconsumptionbyintelligentall-wheeldrivecontrolanddemand-based
oillevelcontrolinthetransferbox(EfficiencyMode).

SystemoverviewofxDriveintheG12

80
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
1 Frontaxledifferential
2 BodyDomainController(BDC)
3 Transferbox
4 VTGcontrolunit
5 Frontdriveshaft
6 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)
FlexRay FlexRaybus

Thetorquegeneratedbytheengineissteppedupintheautomatictransmissionandissupplied
viathetransmissionoutputshafttothetransferbox.Thedownstreamtransferboxinthedrivetrain
hasthetaskofvariablydistributingthetorquetothefrontandrearaxlesdependingonthedriving
situation.Sincearigidconnectionoftherearaxlewiththefrontaxleisnotpossibleduetopossible
differencesinthewheelspeeds,thereisamultidiscclutchinsidethetransfercase.Themultidisc
clutchperformsthetaskofvariabletorquedistributionbetweenthetwodriveaxles.

81
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.3.FunctionaldescriptionofxDrive

TransferboxintheG12

Index Explanation
A Drivefromautomatictransmission
B Outputtorearaxle
C Outputtofrontaxle
1 Multi-plateclutch
2 Balls(3pieces)
3 Ballramp
4 Toothedadjustingring
5 VTGcontrolunit
6 Chain

82
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Themultidiscclutchintheall-wheeldrivetransferboxallowsthetorquetobedistributedtobothaxles
withincertainlimits.Seenstatistically,thetorquedistributionbetweenthefrontandrearaxlesonthe
currentBMWall-wheeldrivevehiclesis40:60.IntheG12,thetorquedistributiontothetwodriveaxles
wassplitequallyinthedirectionof50:50.Intermsofdynamics,however,otherimportantparameters
suchasdifferentwheelslipvaluesplayapart.Itisnolongerpossibletospeakofa50:50torque
distributionwithdifferentwheelslipvaluesatthetwodriveaxles.Inthiscase,thedrivetorquesare
distributedvariablyintherangebetweentheoretically0:100and100:0correspondingtothedriving
situation.

Theentiretorqueistransmittedtotherearaxlewhenthemultidiscclutchisopen.Themultidiscclutch
mustbeclosedinordertotransfertorquetothefrontaxle.

TheclutchtorquetobetransmittediscalculatedintheDynamicStabilityControl(DSC)andis
forwardedtothetransferboxcontrolunitviaaFlexRaybus.Thetransferboxcontrolunitcalculatesthe
angletobesetatthetoothedadjustingringfromtherequestedclutchtorque.Theadjustingtorque
requiredforcontrolisgeneratedbyanelectricmotor.

Thecontactpressureofthemultidiscclutchisincreaseddependingontherequestedtorque
distributions.Asaresult,thestepped-upenginetorqueisseamlesslydistributedbetweenthetwo
driveaxlescorrespondingtothedrivingsituation.

83
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.4.EfficiencyMode

EfficiencymechanismofthexDriveintheG12

Index Explanation
A Oilcircuit
1 Wormshaft
2 Oilstop(oilshutofftothemultidiscclutch)
3 Toothedadjustingring
4 Oillinewithreservoir
5 Switchingshaft(actuationofoilreservoir)
6 Oilchamber2
7 Overflow

84
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
8 Oilreservoir(barrierbetweentheoilchambers)
9 Spring
10 Chain
11 Oilchamber1

EfficiencyModeisanewdevelopmentintheareaofdragtorquereductionandisdesignedto
increaseefficiency.Themultidiscclutchesofthetransferboxareopeneddependingonthedriving
situationbyintelligentcontroloftheall-wheeldrivesystem.Thispermitsreductionofthelubrication
inthetransferbox.Adistinctionismadebetweenthefollowingfunctions:

Oilstop
Oilreservoir

Bothofthesefunctionsaredescribedinmoredetailbelow.Bothfunctionshavethetaskofminimizing
lossesinthetransferbox.Theyarealwaysactivatedinparallel,butactindifferentareasoftheunit.

EfficiencyModeisalwaysusedwhenthereisnoall-wheeldriverequestfromtheDSCcontrolunitand
themultidiscclutchisthereforeopen.

85
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.4.1.Oilstop

OilstopfunctionofthexDriveintheG12

Index Explanation
A Oilstopactive(closed)
B Oilstopinactive(open)
1 Toothedadjustingring
2 Oilflowclosuresystem

TheoilstopfunctionofthexDrivetransferboxoffersthefollowingadvantages:

Reductionintheenginedragtorqueswhenthemultidiscclutchisopen.
Fastavailabilityoflubricationoilforthemultidiscclutchthankstosmalloil
reservoirdirectlyinfrontofthediscset.

Theoilsupplytotheclutchpackisblockedwhenthemultidiscclutchisopen.Theoilisstoredinthe
lineandintheoilreservoir.Thetoothedadjustingringisrotatedbymeansofthewormshaftinorderto
activateanddeactivatetheoilstop.Theoilflowtothemultidiscclutchisinterruptedbyrotationofthe
adjustingring.Intheeventofatorquerequesttothetransferbox(multidiscclutchisclosed),theoil
supplyisopenedagainduetorotationoftheadjustingringandthemultidiscclutchislubricatedand
cooled.

Theloweroilfilllevelmeansthatchurninglosses,whicharecausedbyimmersionoftherotated
multidiscclutch,areeliminated.Thisreducesfuelconsumptionaswellaswearonthemultidiscclutch.

86
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.4.2.Oilreservoir

OilreservoirfunctionofthexDriveintheG12

Index Explanation
A Oilreservoirclosed
B Oilreservoiropen
1 Toothedadjustingring
2 Chain
3 Switchingshaft(actuationofoilreservoir)
4 Oilreservoir(barrierbetweentheoilchambers)
5 Oilchamber2

Theoilreservoirisclosedwhennotorquerequestismadetothetransferbox(multidiscclutchis
open).Theoilreservoirhasthetaskofstoringtheoilinadefinedspace(oilchamber2).Theoil
reservoirfunctionisdonebyaleversystemwhichissupportedinthehousingandwhichcloses
adefinedopeningbymeansofanelastomerseal.

Aswitchingshaft,whichismovedbythetoothedadjustingring,actuatestheoilreservoirandkeeps
itinthedesignatedposition.Theoilchambersareclosedoffwithrespecttoeachother,reducing
churninglossestoaminimum.Adefinedquantityofoilalwaysremainsincirculationinorderto
guaranteelubricationofbearingsandsealingrings.Thisisensuredbyanoverflowbetweenthe
1stand2ndoilchambers.

87
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.5.Operatingstrategy
Theall-wheeldrive(xDrive)wasdesignedasanintelligentsystemintheG12.Intelligentcontrolof
thexDrivesupportsefficientandthusfuel-savingoperationofthevehicle.However,theall-wheel
driveisnotswitchedoffordeactivated,forexample,butisadaptedcorrespondingtothecurrent
drivingsituation.Alargenumberofdifferentsensorssupplyinformationaboutthecurrenttraction
requirement.Thedrivetorqueisdistributedtothedifferentdrivewheelsasrequiredcorresponding
tothetractionanddrivingdynamics.

OperatingstrategyofthexDriveintheG12

88
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
A Wetconditions
B Snow
C Asphalt
D Off-road
E xDrive

Inmanydrivingsituationstheall-wheeldrivemultidiscclutchisopenandonlytherearwheelsare
driven.Onlyincertaindrivingsituationsissomeofthedrivetorquealsotransmittedtothefront
wheels.Thedistributionofthedrivetorquetakesplaceproactively.Calculationoftherequired
distributiontakesplaceinthecontrolunitforDynamicStabilityControl(DSC).

TheDSCtakesintoaccountthefollowingcriteriaforcalculationofthetorquedistribution:

Vehiclespeed
Lateralandlongitudinalacceleration
Yawrate
Brakecontrol(ABS)
Steeringangle
Wheelspeeds
Vehiclelongitudinalinclination
Pedalsensorposition
Drivingprogram(SPORT,COMFORT,ECOPRO)
DSCstatus(DSCactivated/deactivated,DTCactivated/deactivated)

Dependingonthedrivingsituation,someofthedrivetorqueistransmittedtothefrontwheels.
Theexactratioofthetorquedistributionisdependentontheactivationofthemultidiscclutch,
aswellastheslipofthewheels.Someoftheinfluencingfactorsarelistedbelow.

Theall-wheeldriveclutchtorqueisincreasedinthefollowingdrivingsituationsiftherearenoother
criteriapresentthatpreventthis:

Roadspeed<20kph/<12mph
DrivingprogramSPORTactivated
DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)deactivated
DynamicTractionControl(DTC)activated
Oversteeringvehicle
Increaseddifferenceinspeedbetweenfrontandrearwheels
Largevehiclelongitudinalinclination(e.g.oninclines)
Highacceleratorpedalinput,e.g.kick-downposition
Loadreversalconditionssuchastransitiontocoastingoverrun
(drivertakeshisfootofftheacceleratorpedal)

89
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Theall-wheeldriveclutchtorqueisreducedinthefollowingdrivingsituationsiftherearenoother
criteriapresentthatpreventthis:

Drivingspeeds>180km/h/>111mph
Understeeringvehicle
Withincreasingsteeringangle(toavoiddistortionsinthedrivetrain)
Strongbraking(ABSbraking)

Toassesstheroadconditionandtoensureeffective,proactivelongitudinaltorquedistribution,
thecoefficientsoffrictionbetweenthetiresandroadwayaredeterminedbytheDSCcontrolunit.
Thewheelslipaswellasthelongitudinalandlateralaccelerationareevaluatedforthispurpose,
forexample.

IfwheelspeedinformationreceivedbytheDynamicStabilityControl(DSC)suggestsdifferenttire
rollingcircumferencesofthewheels(e.g.inthecaseoftireswithsignificantdifferencesintheamount
ofwear),theall-wheeldrivemultidiscclutchisclosedtoalesserextentthaninthenormalcase.This
preventsexcessivedistortioninthedrivetrain,whichwouldleadtohighpowerlossesofthexDrive.

8.5.1.Determinationofthewheelslip
Wheelslipoccursonthewheelsofthedifferentaxlesbothasaresultofaccelerationanddeceleration.
Thewheelslipisdeterminedusingthesensorsignalsfromallwheelspeedsensorsaswellasan
arithmeticmodelintheDSCcontrolunit.

Thewheelslipcanbedefinedasfollows:

Wheelslipisthedeviationofthewheelcircumferentialvelocityfromthedrivingspeed.

Ifawheelisacceleratedorbrakedtosuchanextentthatthemaximumstaticfrictionforceisexceeded,
theslipthenincreasesuntilthewheelsspinorlocks.

Twotypesofslipoccurinpractice.

Tractionslip
Brakeslip

Tractionslipcanbereducedbythefollowingmeasures.

DSCinterventionbyreductionoftheenginetorque.
IncreaseintheclutchtorquetobetransmittedbythexDrive
(torquedistributiontobothdriveaxles).

Brakeslipcanbereducedbythefollowingmeasures.

ABScontroloperation(AntilockBrakeSystem).

Inordertopermitindividualwheelcontrolofthebrakeforcesatawheelduringstrongbraking(ABS
orDSCcontroloperation)andavoidanyinfluenceontheotherdriveaxle,theall-wheeldriveclutch
torqueisdecreasedasrequiredorcompletelyreducedifnecessary.

90
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Calculationexamplefortractionslip

Wheelcircumferentialvelocity=16.67m/s(correspondstoapprox.60km/h/37mph)
Drivingspeed=13.89m/s(correspondsto50km/h/31mph)

Sincethewheelcircumferentialvelocityishigherthanthedrivingspeedforthespecifiedvalues,
thesliphereisso-calledtractionslip.

Formulafortractionslip

Index Explanation
SA Tractionslip
VWheel Wheelcircumferentialvelocity
VVehicle Vehiclespeed

SA=(16.67m/s13.89m/s):13.89m/s=0.2

SAin%=0.2100%=20%

Thetractionslipis20%.

Calculationexampleforbrakeslip

Wheelcircumferentialvelocity=11.12m/s(correspondstoapprox.40km/h/25mph)
Drivingspeed=13.89m/s(correspondstoapprox.50km/h/31mph)

Sincethewheelcircumferentialvelocityislowerthanthedrivingspeedforthespecifiedvalues,
thesliphereisso-calledbrakeslip.

Formulaforbrakeslip

Index Explanation
SB Brakeslip
VWheel Wheelcircumferentialvelocity
VVehicle Vehiclespeed

SB=(11.12m/s13.89m/s):13.89m/s=0.2

SBin%=0.2100%=20%

91
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Thebrakeslipis20%.

xDriveoperatingstrategyfordifferentwheelslipvalues

WheelslipdiagramwithxDrivecontrol

Index Explanation
A Wheelcircumferentialvelocity(driveslip)
A1 20%driveslip
B Wheelcircumferentialvelocity(brakeslip)
B1 20%brakeslip
C Drivingspeed(constant)

92
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
1 Multidiscclutchinthetransferboxclosed
2 Multidiscclutchinthetransferboxopen
Slip[%] Wheelslipin[%]
Vwheelin[km/h] Wheelcircumferentialvelocityinkilometersperhour

8.6.NotesforService
Thevehiclemustnotbedrivenwhenthefrontdriveshafthasbeenremoved.
Whencarryingoutworkonabraketeststand,itisnotnecessarytotakeinto
accountanyall-wheeldrive-specificpoints.
(rollermodefortestingthebrakesystemisdetectedautomatically.)
Thevehiclemustnotbetowedifonlyoneaxleisraised.
Theoilfillingofthetransferboxisdesignedfortheentireunitservicelife.
However,afaultcodeentrywithanoilchangerecommendationforthetransfer
boxoilisstoredwhenamileageof150,000km/100,000milesisexceeded.
Whenrefillingthetransferboxoil,itisnecessarytomovetheoilreservoirtothe
openpositionusingtheBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.
VarioustestplansareavailableintheBMWdiagnosissystemISTAforService.

Thetiretreaddepth,tirerollingcircumferenceaswellasthetiremanufacturershouldbethesame
onthefrontandrearaxlesifpossible,inordertoensureproperfunctioningofthexDrive.Itisalso
recommendedtouseonlytiresthathavebeenapprovedorrecommendedbyBMW.

93
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive

TransferboxoftheG12

Index Explanation
1 Transmissionbreather
2 Output,reardriveshaft
3 VTGcontrolunit
4 Fluidfillerplug
5 Dustboot
6 Outputwithjointtothefrontpropellershaft
7 Frontdriveshaft

Thejointofthefrontdriveshaftislocatedontheoutputinsidethetransferbox.Thisisbeneficialfor
thesmallpackagedimensionsofthetransferbox.Thecomponentsharingconceptwithothervehicle
seriescanalsobeensuredinthisway.

Thefrontdriveshaftisinsertedintheoutputwithjointbymeansofaplugconnection.Adustboot
protectstheconnectionagainstdirt.

Sincetheoutputwithjointisnolongerfixedwhenthefrontdriveshaftisremoved,thevehiclemustno
longerbedriveninthiscondition.Thelackingguidewouldleadtoanuncontrolledmovementofthe
outputwhenthevehicleisaccelerated,thuscausingdamagetothetransferbox.

Thevehiclemustnotbedrivenwhenthefrontdriveshafthasbeenremoved.

94
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
8.6.1.Oilchangefortransferbox
Theoilfillingofthetransferboxisdesignedfortheentireunitservicelife.Thiscorrespondsto
amileageofapproximately150,000km/100,000miles.Afaultcodeentrywithanoilchange
recommendationforthetransferboxisstoredwhenthismileageisexceeded.

Thetransferboxdoesnothaveanoildrainplug.Theoilfillingtoberenewedmustberemoved
usinganextractorunit.

Thenewtransferboxoilcanbefilledusinganoilfillerplug.

Inordertoensurethattheentireoilfillinghasbeenexchanged,theoilreservoirmustremain
openforthedurationofextractionandfilling.

TheServiceemployeecanmovetheoilreservoirtotheopenpositionbymeansoftheService
function>TransferboxVTG>OilchangeintheBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.

8.6.2.Classificationofthetransferbox

ClassificationofthetransferboxintheG12

Index Explanation
1 BMWpartnumber
2 Revisionindex
3 Transferboxclassification
4 Serialnumber

95
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
5 Housingtype
6 Assemblyline
7 Works(A=Austria,M=Mexico)
8 Outputflangediameter(96mm,105mm)
9 Versions
10 Productiondate

Duetothepermittedcomponenttolerancesofthedifferentcomponentsofthetransferbox,thestroke
oftheballrampforclosingthemultidiscclutchinthetransferboxdiffersineachcase.However,these
tolerancescanbecompensatedbyadaptedcontroloftheelectricmotorforclosingthemultidisc
clutch.Forthispurpose,thetoleranceclassmustbeenteredinthecontrolunitforthetransferbox.

Therespectivetoleranceisdeterminedduringproductionandenteredonatypeplateonthetransfer
box(seegraphicabove).

ThetolerancecanbedeterminedasfollowsinService:

Readingoffthetoleranceclassonthetypeplateonthetransferbox.
ReadingoutthetoleranceclassviatheBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.

Thefour-digitclassificationcodecanbeenteredinthecontrolunitforthetransferboxVTGbymeans
ofaservicefunctioninBMWdiagnosissystemISTA.Thismustbewithinastoredclassificationrange
inordertobeacceptedbytheVTGcontrolunit.

ThefollowingtableshowsthecompleteclassificationrangeofthetransferboxintheG12.

ClassificationtablefortransferboxintheG12

96
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
A Offsetclassesin[]
B Pitchclassesin[%]

ThetoleranceclassmustbeenteredintheVTGcontrolunitafterthefollowingservicework:

VTGcontrolunitwasrenewed.
Transferboxwasrenewed.

8.7.Systemwiringdiagram

SystemwiringdiagramforxDriveintheG12

Index Explanation
1 DynamicStabilityControl(DSC)
2 VTGcontrolunit
3 Powerdistributionbox,frontright
4 BodyDomainController(BDC)
5 AdvancedCrashSafetyModule(ACSM)

97
G12Powertrain
8.Four-WheelDrive
Index Explanation
6 HeadUnit
7 CentralInformationDisplay(CID)
FlexRay FlexRaybus
K-CAN4 BodyCAN4

98
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
9.1.Four-wheeldrive

9.1.1.xDrivedriveshaft

Driveshaftoftheall-wheeldriveintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Universaljoint(onthefrontaxledifferential)
2 Tubularshaftofdriveshaft
3 Plugconnectionattransferbox

99
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
9.1.2.xDrivefrontaxledifferential

FrontaxledifferentialofthexDrivedriveintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Differentialbreather
2 Differentialoilfillerscrew
3 Differentialdriveflange
4 Differentialoildrainplug

AnewDifferentialoilisusedinordertoincreasetheefficiencyofthedrivetrain.

Fortheinitialfillingattheplant,thefrontaxledifferentialisfilledwiththefollowingoil:

FuchsTitanEG3846.

100
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
However,whentheoilistoppedupbyBMWService,thefollowingoilisusedasbefore:

CastrolSAF-XO.

Bothoilsarecompatiblewitheachotherandcanbetoppedoff.Theoilofthefrontaxledifferentialis
notsubjecttoaserviceintervalandcanbeusedfortheentirevehiclelifecycle.

Technicaldata

Technicaldata Frontaxle Frontaxledifferential175AL

differential170AL
In-lineengine X
V-engine X
Oilvolume 0.6L 0.6L
Oilgradeatplant FuchsTitanEG3846 FuchsTitanEG3846
OilgradeinBMWService CastrolSAF-XO CastrolSAF-XO
Maximuminputtorque 1300Nm 1300Nm
Possibleratios 2.56/2.81/3.08/3.23 2.81
Weightincludingoilfilling 13.5kg/33.7lbs 14.5kg/32.0lbs

9.1.3.FrontoutputshaftsofxDrive

DriveshaftsofthefrontaxleintheG12

Index Explanation
A Outputshaft,frontleft
B Outputshaft,frontright
1 Spurgearing
2 Gaitersleeve,wheelend

101
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
Index Explanation
3 Outputshaft
4 Gaitersleeve,transmissionend
5 Plugconnectiononfrontaxledifferential
6 Bearingsupport

9.2.Rear-wheeldrive

9.2.1.Driveshafts

DriveshaftintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Driveshaftcenterbearingwithslidingunit
2 Frontpartialshaft(tubularshaftincludingcrashfeature)
3 Rearpartialshaft(tubularshaft)
4 Plugged-inthree-holeflange(onrearaxledifferential)

102
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
Differentsteeldriveshaftsareuseddependingontheengineandtransmissionvariant.

Themaximumpermissibledeflectionangleofthedriveshaftmustnotbeexceededwhenworkingon
thedriveshaftcenterbearing.Theinstructionsinthecurrentrepairinstructionsmustbeobservedin
allcases.

9.2.2.Rearaxlefinaldrive

RearaxledifferentialintheG12

Index Explanation
1 Housingcover
2 Differential
3 Ringwheel
4 Housing
5 Pinion
6 Transmissioninputshaft

Anewdifferentialoilisusedinordertoincreasetheefficiencyofthedrivetrain.

Fortheinitialfillingattheplant,therearaxledifferentialisfilledwiththefollowingoil:

CastrolBOT-448.

However,whentheoilistoppedupbyBMWService,thefollowingoilisusedasbefore:

CastrolSAF-XO.

103
G12Powertrain
9.DriveShaftsandDifferential
Bothoilsarecompatiblewitheachotherandcanbetoppedoff.Theoiloftherearaxledifferentialis
notsubjecttoaserviceintervalandcanthereforebeusedfortheentirevehiclelifecycle.

Technicaldata

Technicaldata Rearaxle Rearaxledifferential225AL

differential205AL
In-lineengine X
V-engine X
Oilvolume approx.0.750.9l approx.0.91.4l
Oilgradeatplant CastrolBOT-448 CastrolBOT-448
OilgradeinBMWService CastrolSAF-XO CastrolSAF-XO
Possibleratios 3.08/3.23 2.56/2.81/3.08

9.2.3.Rearoutputshafts

DriveshaftsoftherearaxleintheG12

Index Explanation
A Outputshaft,left
B Outputshaft,right
1 Spurgearing
2 Gaitersleeve,wheelend
3 Gaitersleeve,transmissionend
4 Plugconnectionondifferential

104
BayerischeMotorenwerkeAktiengesellschaft
QualifizierungundTraining
Rntgenstrae7
85716Unterschleiheim,Germany