Action Plan

CNG CHNG TRNH NGHIN CU

Joint Research of SUPREM - HCMUT

Tn d n :
NGHIN CU VT LIU TNG HP T T V CC PH LIU

XY DNG NG NNG THN VNG CAO NGUYN VIT NAM

Ch tr: PGS-TS Nguyn Vn Chnh.

1. MC TIU V NHIM V CA TI

1.1. Mc tiu ca ti :

Nghin cu Vt liu tng hp t t v cc ph liu lm mt ng

nng thn nhm mc ch ci bin cc tnh cht ca t Laterite xy dng nhng con
ng nng thn bn vng.

1.2. Phm vi ti:

Nghin cu vt liu btng t xy dng ng nng thn trong iu kin kh

hu tnh Lm ng, c Lc. S dng vi, tro bay, bauxite, bn v ha cht kch
hot ng rn n nh t , ci bin nhng tnh cht ca cc mu t p dng
ph hp vi ng giao thng nng thn.
1.3. Nhim v ca ti :

1. Tng hp nghin cu cc tnh cht, c im ca t Laterite, t vng

Lm ng cao nguyn Vit Nam.

2. Xy dng c s l thuyt khoa hc : c s l thuyt khoa hc gia c ng

t, c ch lm vic ca polymer v c s dng trong t.

3. Nghin cu v th nghim cc tnh cht nguyn vt liu s dng

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4. Nghin cu thc nghim cc tnh cht ca vt liu tng hp t t xi mng-

vi polymer v c nh : mun n hi E, t trng, cng , bn nc v kh
nng ng dng vo xy dng ng nng thn hoc xy dng lp mng ng cp
cao hn.
5. Nghin cu ng dng t gia c polymer v c trong xy dng ng giao
thng nng thn Thc nghim cc ch tiu mt ng giao thng.

6. xut cng ngh ch to hn hp vt liu v phng php thi cng mt

ng ph hp vi iu kin a phng nghin cu .

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN TI NGHIN CU

1.1. T VN
Ti nguyn t laterit, t bazan nc ta v cng phong ph. vng cao nguyn,
ngi ta tri ng bng t cp phi si , cht lng ng kh tt... Tuy nhin,
ng thng c nhiu bi vo ma kh v ly li khi ma ma n, dn n gy h
hng ng, gy kh khn cho vic i li ca ngi dn. Mun s dng t lm
mt ng th phi lm cho t n nh v bn vng, khng ph thuc vo s thay i
m, iu kin thi tit v ti trng bin i khi xe chy.

Hnh 1. S dng t , t laterit thi cng mt ng.

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Xy dng ng giao thng nng thn hin nay phi va s dng c ngun
nguyn liu a phng, va phi c nhng tnh cht k thut tt nhng con ng
t khng cn ly li, khng cn bi.
Do vy, nghin cu n nh t bng ph gia polyme l mt hng i mi Vit
Nam v c trin vng p dng vo thc t, va m bo mc tiu kinh t, va t ch
c v cc yu t k thut. ng thi tn dng ph thi cng nghip nh: tro bay ca
nh my nhit in, bauxite, ph thi bn a vo thnh phn cht kt dnh trong
xy dng mt ng giao thng nng thn.
Xut pht t nhng vn trn, ti NGHIN CU VT LIU TNG HP
T T V CC PH LIU XY DNG NG NNG THN VNG
CAO NGUYN VIT NAM nhm mc ch ci bin cc tnh cht ca t Laterite
xy dng nhng con ng nng thn va p li va bn vng.

CHNG 2 : C S L THUYT NGHIN CU

2.1. LATERIT THNH PHN KHONG VT V CC TNH CHT C L

2.1.1 Ngun gc hnh thnh :

Laterite l sn phm ca s bin i nhiu vt liu khc nhau gm nhng loi

mcma, trm tch, nhng mnh vn khong vt v tro ni la

Theo quan im ca Setzer (1956), Laccroix (1923), Harrasowitz (1926) v Wan

baren-Mohr (1954) cho rng laterite c to thnh t s tch ly tng i ca
sesquioxit khi silic baz v mt s nguyn t ca m b ra tri, st s di chuyn theo
nc t tng di ln tng trn nht l khi mt t b kh. Qu trnh do FeO d ho
tan trong nc, di chuyn theo nc v tp trung mt vng ln xung ca thu cp.

Nguyn nhn khc ca s hnh thnh laterite l do s xi mn mt lp t mt.

Khi lp st tch t gn mt t b un nng, cng li. Do Al 2O3 km di ng hn
Fe2O3 nn Al2O3 tp trung t hn.

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2.1.2. Thnh phn khong :

Nhm t do tn ti di nhiu dng, m thng dng nht l khong gibbsite :

Al(OH)3. Boehmite, mt monohydrate c cng thc AlO(OH) th t c nu ra v
kh nhn din. Nhng tinh th Boehmite rt nh v khng th kim tra bng cc
phng php quang hc. Diaspore ( AlO(OH)) dng ovan c rt t trong laterite.
Khong Corundum ( Al2O3) tm thy trong nhng loi laterite to bi thu tinh ni
la. Nhng dng v nh hnh trn ln vi cc hydroxide st v c di mu t xm
trng nht n nu nht. Dng v nh hnh c cng thc Al 2O3.nH2O ( n nm trong
khong t 1.54 n 1.51). Phng php th nghim X-rays c th nhn thy c s c
mt ca boehmite, i khi ca gibbsite v thm ch l khong Allophane.

St cng tn ti nhiu dng. Thng dng nht l Goethite ( Fe2O(OH)) v

Hematite (Fe2O3). Ngoi ra cn c khong magnetite ( Fe3O4) v ilmetite (FeTiO2).
Cng ging nh cc oxit nhm, cc oxit st cng c dng v nh hnh c cng thc
Fe2O3 x H2O (khong limonite).

Silic tha hng t gc v thng dng thch anh.

Silic dng lin kt ho hc thng c trong khong st, c bit l kaolinite

(OH4)Al2Si2O3 hoc st trong nhm halloysite c dng bi thng kt hp vi
kaolinite v kt tinh li.

Nh vy trong t laterite c rt nhiu thnh phn khong : gibbsite, boehmite,

hematite, goethite, magnetite, corundum, kaolinite

2.1.3.Mu sc :

Laterite thng c mu sng. Mu sc chuyn t hng sang son, v nu,

nhng i khi c nhng m hay sc vn mu tm.

Trong mi trng kh, oxit st trong t to ra mu xm en, mangan to mu

en. Cn trong mi trng oxy ho, st to ra mu son, hoc en; mangan mang
li mu tm.

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trng thi tinh khit, nhm c mu trng nhng thng thy nhm trn ln vi
st to ra mu hng nht.

Silic vn c mu trng nht v khi thm hydroxit st th to ra mu hoc mu

g st.

Kaolinite trn vi st to ra mu sm. t giu khong st c mu xm.

Theo tui ca t, tui cng lu th t cng ti mu. thi k u t mi to

thnh c mu hoc son; t cng gi th chuyn thnh mu nu hoc en.

2. NGUYN L GIA C T
2.1. Thnh phn ha ca t laterit

Trong t laterite c nhiu sesquioxit ca st v nhm, cng vi mt s thnh

phn khc.

T l sesquioxit trong nhng tng t cng c th khc nhau nhiu.Trong mt vi

trng hp, st c th ln ti 90% cn nhm nh hn 5%; vi trng hp khc th t l
oxit nhm c th ln ti 60% v oxit st nh hn 4%.

Silic nm trong lin kt ho hc : Silic dng lin kt ho hc ny phn ln nm

trong kaolinite.

Lng nc lin kt : thng chim t 10 30% v c nhiu trong cc loi

laterite giu nhm hn l trong laterite giu st.

Thch anh i khi khng c hoc c rt t nhng n thng l thnh phn quan
trng, ch yu c ngun gc t cc loi magma axit. Trong nhng loi t giu
nhm th c rt t thch anh, ngc li i vi t giu oxit st.

Qu trnh phong ho, trm tch to laterite ch yu xy ra theo chiu cao ca tng
a cht. Trong cng mt v tr kho st, khi i t trn xung th hm lng Al 2O3 v
SiO2 tng dn, cn hm lng Fe2O3 gim dn.

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Ni chung, nhm c to thnh t s chuyn i ca cc feldspath; cn st th

i t s chuyn i ca cc khong st (nh amphibols v pyroxenes).

2.2. C ch hot ha cu trc gia c t

Gia c t l vic tin hnh mt lot cc khu cng ngh lin tip nhm to cho t
c cng cao v n nh lu di khng nhng trong trng thi kh m ngay c trong
trng thi bo ha nc nh kt qu tc dng ca cc cht lin kt.
Trc ht cn thay i tnh cht ca cc ht nh phn tn (ht st, h keo), tng
tnh dnh kt ca cc ht trng thi kh cng nh trng thi bo ha nc bng
cch tng thm tnh ton khi cho t v bn cao n nh di hn.
c im quan trng chung ca cc loi t laterit l d c qu trnh hnh thnh
khc nhau, thnh phn ht, thnh phn khong vt v thnh phn ha hc khc nhau
th khi b m chng u c th biu hin mt s tnh cht c trng ca h ht keo.
trng thi m t, t l mt h ht phn tn trong cc ht khong l pha phn tn,
cn dung dch t v nc cha trong l rng gia cc ht l mi trng phn tn.
Mc ch ca vic gia c t : to ra cu trc phn t c dng cu trc ca a s
cc loi vt liu v c trong t nhin, rt bn b. Nu chng ta lm cho nhng thnh
phn bn trong vt liu lin kt vi nhau theo nhng phng thc no hay bng
nhng phn ng ha hc no , cui cng hnh thnh nn loi vt liu s s hu
nhng c im rt u vit ca ca cc loi khong, t nhin.
Vi s c mt ca tro bay (cha SiO2 v Al2O3) v t (cha Al2O3 v Fe2O3),
nu c s kch hot ca cc nguyn t kim, Al v Si c th kt hp vi nhau thng
qua lin kt phi tr vi oxi v phn ng polyme ha c thc hin nh sau:

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Polyme ha v c l mt s bin i cu trc vi m ca cc khong st hnh

thnh b khung silicat vng chc bn trong vt liu. S bin i ny cn c cc hot
cht xc tc mang tnh kim v ch cn iu kin di p sut kh quyn, nhit
thng thng t 40-100oC .
Ty theo t l m mng li c hnh thnh theo cc dng : (-Si-Al-O-)
poly(sialate), (-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-) poly(sialate-siloxo, (-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-Si-O-)
poly(sialate-disiloxo).

Hnh 2. Cc dng sn phm hnh thnh t phn ng polyme ha

Bn trong vt liu c th xy ra s lin kt cc cu trc n v to thnh tm v

cc tm c th c ni vi nhau hnh thnh nn mt mng li khng gian ba
chiu v cng vng chc.

Hnh 3. Vt liu t qu trnh polyme ha vi cu trc khng gian vng chc

C ch gia c t bng Vi :
Bn thn vi l mt loi cht kt dnh rn trong khng kh. Vi c kh nng rn
chc v lin kt cc ht li vi nhau da trn c ch kt tinh v c ch cacbonat ha.

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CHNG 3. K HOCH THC NGHIM CC TNH CHT

NGUYN VT LIU V HN HP T GIA C

3.1. THC NGHIM CC TNH CHT NGUYN VT LIU

3.1.1. T LATERITE

A. Phn tch thnh phn ha ca t laterite, t

B. Cc tnh cht c l ca t laterite, t

Cc th nghim c thc hin theo cc tiu chun th nghim sau y:

+ TCVN 4198-95: t xy dng- cc phng php xc nh thnh phn ht trong
phng th nghim
+ TCVN 4197-95 : t xy dng- phng php xc nh gii hn do v gii hn
chy, ch s do trong phng th nghim.
+ Th nghim m nn tiu chun AASHTO T180-90. Khi lng th tch : g/cm3
tng ng vi m ti thun
+ T trng : 22TCN 333 06

3.1.2. Thc nghim thnh phn ha hc v cc ch tiu k thut ca vi bt, tro

bay, bauxite, bn

3.1.3. Nghin cu h cht kch hot ng rn : T l thnh phn .

3.2. THC NGHIM CC TNH CHT CA HN HP T GIA C

3.2.1. Phng php xc nh cng chu nn :

kho st cc tnh cht ca b tng t, trong nghin cu la chn phng php

to hnh bng cch nho trn u h nguyn vt liu, sau c p trong khun s
dng my p thu lc vi mt cp p lc nh nhau cho cc mu kho st cc yu t
nh hng n cc tnh cht ca b tng t (ch ring trng hp kho st nh hng
ca lc p th cc mu c to hnh vi cc cp p lc khc nhau trong phm vi kho

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 Action Plan

st). Vic p mt cp p lc nh nhau s m bo tnh ng u cho cc mu bc

to hnh, qua , gim sai s trong cc kt qu nghin cu.

3.2.2. Phng php xc nh cng chu ko un ca vt liu gia c cht lin

kt v c : Tiu chun xc nh : 22 TCN 211 06
- Mu 4cm x 4cm x 16 cm. Cc mu c ch b ng theo t l thnh phn, ch b
cht ln nht v m tt nht, nn vi cp p lc 30KG/cm2, t cht ln hn
90%
- Khun 4 x 4 x 16 c li p. Sau khi tho mu ra khi khun, cn v o cc kch
thc chnh xc n 0.1 mm xc nh khi lng th tch sau khi to hnh. mu
t nhin ngoi khng kh 15 gi ri em mu sy 7 gi nhit 100 0C.
- Cn, o kch thc mu trc khi un. Th nghim un mu bng cch t mu trn
2 gi ta nhau, o kch thc gi ta trc khi un. Tc gia ti trn my nn l 2
4 mm/pht. Xc nh ti trng gy ph hoi mu.

3.2.3. Phng php m nn tiu chun :

Theo tiu chun 22 TCN 333 -06 ( Quy trnh m nn t, dm trong phng
th nghim), i vi t laterite s dng trong nghin cu ny, phng php m nn
s dng l phng php I-A : p dng cho cc vt liu c khng qu 40% lng ht
nm trn sng 4,75 mm. Trong cc phng php m nn ny, cc ht trn sng 4,75
mm c gi l ht qu c, ht lt sng 4,75 mm gi l ht tiu chun.

Hiu chnh kt qu m nn trong phng th nghim phc v cho cng tc thi

cng v nghim thu trong thc t: Vt liu ngoi hin trng thng c cha mt
lng ht qu c nht nh nn gi tr khi lng th tch kh ln nht ( v m tt
nht) theo kt qu m nn trong phng s khc vi gi tr th tch kh ln nht ( v
m tt nht) hin trng. Do phi tin hnh hiu chnh kt qu m nn trong
phng a ra cc thng s m nn hin trng ( gi tr th tch kh ln nht,
m tt nht hiu chnh) cho ph hp.

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 Action Plan

Trng hp mu vt liu hin trng c t l ht qu c nh hn hoc bng 5%

th khng cn hiu chnh, c th s dng ngay kt qu th nghim m nn trong
phng phc v cho cng tc thi cng v nghim thu.

Trng hp mu vt liu hin trng c t l ht qu c ln hn 5%( nhng

nh hn gi tr gii hn quy nh tng ng vi phng php m nn : khng qu
40% lng ht nm trn sng 4,75mm) th phi tin hnh hiu chnh.

Ni dung v ngha ca cng tc m nn trong phng th nghim :

Cng tc m nn lp vt liu ( t, dm cp phi, cp phi thin nhin...) lm

tng cht, dn n tng cng v n nh ca nn mng ng c ngha
quan trng trong xy dng ng b.

Trng thi vt liu c m cht biu th qua gi tr khi lng th tch kh. Vi
mi loi vt liu th nghim, c mt gi tr m thch hp khi m nn vi cng
m quy nh th lp vt liu ny s t c cht ln nht. Gi tr m ny c
gi l m tt nht v gi tr cht ln nht tng ng l khi lng th tch kh
ln nht.

Phng php m nn tiu chun c cng m 600 kN.m/m2.

3.2.4. Xc nh tr s m un n hi E o ca t nn bng cch th nghim trong

phng .

3.2.5. Hnh nh thit b s dng trong nghin cu

Hnh 4. Khun tr c li p v My p thu lc, My nn mu

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 Action Plan

Hnh 5.Cc mu th nghim cng ko un

Hnh 6. Sng 4.75mm - Ci m chy m tiu chun

Hnh 7. Th nghim cng p ch v m un n hi

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 Action Plan

H
nh 1. Ci m nn

Ci nh Ci l n
114,30 2,54 165,10 2,54

50,8 0,64
60,33 1,27 ai ci

3,18 0,64 3,18 0,64

101,6 0,41 152,4 0,66

Thn ci

0,13
0,13

116,43
116,43

165,1 2,54
215,90 2,54

ci

152,4 2,54

203,2 2,54
Ghi ch: Kch th c trn bn v l mm

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 Action Plan

H
nh 2. Chy
m nn
Chy ci tin
Chy tiu chun (S dng cho ph ng php m nn II)
(S dng cho ph ng php m nn I) 40
Tay cm

35
ng knh
40
Tay cm

04 l

35

Chiu cao ri: 457 2 mm 20

ng knh

04l

Chiu cao ri: 305 2 mm
20

457
727 ng dn h ng

ng dn h ng
305

Chy
m
423

Chy
m
270
118

04l 04l

50,8 0,25 50,8 0,25

25

25

52 52

H
nh 3. S b trchy m

07 chy
m/ vng trong

09 chy
m/ 1 vng 14 chy
m/ vng ngoi

Ci nh

Ghi ch: Kch th c trn bn v l mm Ci l n

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 Action Plan

CHNG 4 : K HOCH NGHIN CU CC YU T NH

HNG CA THNH PHN N TNH CHT C L CA
VT LIU TNG HP T T
Vic nh gi sn phm c cc tnh cht tt v n nh trong mi trng nc
thng qua ht nc v h s ho mm ca vt liu; c cng chu nn chp nhn
c; cng chu ko un v module n hi phc v cho vic s dng trong thit
k mt ng giao thng nng thn theo tiu chun 22TCN 211 06.
- Th nghim xc nh module n hi 22TCN 81-84
- Qui trnh th nghim xc nh cng p ch ca vt liu ht lin kt bng cc cht
kt dnh 22TCN 73-84
- Qui trnh s dng t gia c bng cht kt dnh v c trong xy dng ng 22TCN
81-84
- Qui trnh th nghim t gia c bng cht kt dnh vi xi mng 22TCN 59-84

Cc thng s dng thit k thc nghim cp phi thnh phn nguyn vt liu
phc v qu trnh nghin cu :
- T l Lng/Rn (L/R) trong pha lng bao gm dung dch cht ng rn v nc;
pha rn bao gm t, xi mng,vi c cn theo t l kho st.
- T l nc b sung cho qu trnh to hnh trn khi lng rn ( xi mng + vi + t
laterite) : N/R
- Th tch cht ng rn s dng trn 100 g t laterite.

iu kin kho st :

- Cc mu c to hnh vi p lc p l 30 KG/cm 2. Kch thc mu : Mu tr ng

knh 5cm, chiu cao 5cm.

- Mu sau to hnh c gi n nh trong mi trng khng kh bnh thng, sau

em i sy. Thi gian sy : 6 gi. Nhit sy : 110 0C. Mu sau sy c dng h
trong mi trng khng kh m t nhin trong phng th nghim.

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 Action Plan

- Kho st s nh hng ca hm lng vi n cng chu nn trn 4 loi thnh

phn cp phi ( Khc nhau ca 4 loi thnh phn cp phi th tch cht ng rn /
100g t lm lt l 0, 4, 6, 8, 10ml CR/100g t). ng vi mi cp phi kho st,
thay i % vi (% so vi khi lng t laterite) l 4, 6, 8, 10, 12%.

- Trong sut qu trnh kho st, gi nguyn t l L/R = 0.2.

- Gi nguyn khi lng t, t l xi mng khng i gia cc mu l 8% so vi khi

lng t.

4.1. CC YU T NH HNG N CNG CHU NN, CNG

KO UN V M UN N HI CA HN HP T LATERITE
nh hng ca lng vi
nh hng ca lng dng tro bay, bauxite, bn
nh hng ca lng cht ng rn
nh hng ca ht nc
nh hng ca khi lng th tch
nh hng ca lc p to hnh
nh hng ca cht
S pht trin cng chu nn ca hn hp t theo thi gian

4.2. CC YU T NH HNG N KHI LNG TH TCH CA HN

HP T LATERITE
nh hng ca lc p to hnh n khi lng th tch
nh hng ca m to hnh n khi lng th tch kh

4.3. CC YU T NH HNG N HT NC CA HN HP T
nh hng ca lng tro bay, bauxite, bn n ht nc
nh hng ca lng vi n ht nc
nh hng ca lng cht ng rn n ht nc
nh hng ca khi lng th tch n ht nc

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4.4. CC YU T NH HNG N H S MM CA HN HP T
nh hng ca hm lng tro bay, bauxite, bn n h s mm
nh hng ca hm lng vi n h s mm
nh hng ca hm lng cht ng rn n h s mm

4.5. QUAN H GIA CHT V M THEO PHNG PHP M

NN TIU CHUN

4.6. KT QU D KIN
Hn hp t gia c vi tro bay, bauxite, bn nu c thm cht ng rn s
c cng cao hn v kh nng bn nc tt hn. H s mm 0.8 0.9. ht nc
6 8%. Cht ng rn gip tng kh nng chu lc v kh nng bn nc ca vt liu
nh vic ci thin c tnh cht ca t, cc khong cht ri rc trong t c lin
kt li thnh b khung khng gian vng chc, to nn cng v s n nh cho bn
thn ca t vn khng bn vng vi s thay i lin tc ca mi trng kh - m.
Hn hp t Laterit gia c cht lin kt v c v ha cht v c th hin cc tnh
cht k thut ph hp vi vic p dng vo thc t xy dng v c tim nng pht
trin rt ln. Pht trin c s h tng cho nng thn ni chung v cho ng giao
thng nng thn ni ring l hng i ng ang p ng cho nhu cu pht trin kinh
t - x hi ca nng thn trn phm vi ton quc.

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 Action Plan

CHNG 5. XUT PHNG PHP THI CNG MT NG

5.1. TRNH T V PHNG PHP THI CNG S DNG MY TRN HN

HP TRM TRN :

- Chun b lp mng : yu cu lp mng phi bng phng, c dc ngang theo ng

thit k v phi c lu ln t h s cht K 0.95.

- Hn hp vt liu t gia c chun b c trn u bng my trn. Sau c

u ln nn ng sau gt bng mt. Sau tin hnh lu ln.

Lu ln : Do tm quan trng ca n, cn phi c bit ch n bc ny.

Cn phi lm mt din tch lu ln th im nh ly mu th cht ri xc nh s

lt lu cn thit ca tng my lu t c cht ln nht. cht yu cu phi
t c sau khi lu l 0.95 k max ( k max l dung trng kh ln nht ca t gia c, xc
nh bng th nghim proctor tiu chun). Nu c iu kin nn chn 1 trong cc loi
lu sau :

+ Lu chn ng nng, trng lng trn 4 Tn.

+ Lu bnh lp nng vi p lc hi trn 5KG/cm2.

Theo ti liu tham kho [ ] , vi lu chn ng ch cn lu qua 3 ln l . Tng s

ln lu, vt liu s b phn tng. Vi lu bnh lp, cht ca hn hp thng khng
tng ln sau khi lu 15 n 20 ln. Mun tng cht th phi chn lu nng hn v p
lc hi cao hn.

Cn ch khng ch cht ch hm lng nc khi lu xp x bng hm lng

nc tt nht xc nh theo th nghim.

Bo dng mt ng : Sau khi lu ln xong, mt ng c phi nng t nhin.

Di tc dng ca nhit v thi gian, mt ng s c cng .

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 Action Plan

5.2. TRNH T THI CNG MT NG T GIA C THEO PHNG

PHP TRN TI HIN TRNG :

Qu trnh cng ngh xy dng mt ng bng vt liu t gia c trn ti ng gm

cc bc sau :

1) Dng my xi t xi ti t , dng my san gt t sang 2 bn

2) Chun b lp mng

3) Dng my san t hnh vun t thnh lung dc theo tim ng.

4) Tro bay, bauxite, xi mng, vi kh c trn u bng my trn.

5) Ri hn hp vi s lng cn thit thnh mt lp mng trn vt liu t, ri dng

my san t hnh hoc my phay trn u.

6) Trn vt liu t vi hn hp. y l ni dung ch yu ca qu trnh xy dng mt

ng v cht lng trn u nh hng rt ln n cng ca mt ng t gia
c.

a) Dng my trn di ng lm my ch o : B my trn di ng thng dng thi

cng mt ng t gia c.

b) Khi dng my san t hnh, my san s o lp vt liu c ri xi mng vi

bng cch a vt liu t bn ny sang bn kia lng ng, gm li thnh lung ri li
san u ra. Khi trn nn b tr cho gc y ( gc gia li san v tim ng) vo
khong 30 40 0. Khi trn phi cho mp li san co st lp mng tt c vt liu
c trn u, khng b st, nhng cng khng cho li san phm vo lp mng.
S ln i qua 1 ch ca my san trn u hn hp t gia c vo khong 8 10
lt.

Khi trn bng my phay ( v d my phay I 536 ) th ch cn phay 2 3 lt qua 1

ch.

7) Dng my phun c p phun cht ng rn vo t.

8) Lu ln mt ng. Trong qu trnh lu c ti nc bng thng ti hoa sen. Lng

nc ti khng qu m lm dnh bt vt liu vo bnh lu.

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 Action Plan

9) Hon thin

10) Bo dng.

5.3. Hnh nh tham kho qu trnh thi cng bng phng php trn t ti hin
trng trn thc t cc nc

Hnh 7. My san t v Ti ho cht ln lp ang thi cng

Sau khi t c x l ho cht s c xi ln bng my xi t v

My trn t cht lin kt

Hnh 8. Xe lu bnh lp v Lp cui cng sau khi hon tt qu trnh lu ln

c phun mt lp ho cht ln b mt.

Qu trnh thi cng ng t gia c cht kt dnh v c v ho cht c thc

hin tt cc nc tin tin. Cc my mc thit b s dng trong thi cng Vit Nam
c th p ng c. Do , nu p dng phng php gia c t trong bi nghin cu
vo thc t th cng tc thi cng hon ton c th thc hin c.

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