Anda di halaman 1dari 145

.

(Forbes)
,
. . ;
; . . .
.

.
(Ross Business School) ,
, .
.
. ? 50,000
. , . 2010- ,
.

.
, .
.
.
,
. ,
. 32
. .

2011. , , ,
, . , 625 ,

125
. 30
. , .
' .
' '
,
.

. 2004
Five Point Someone,
One Night @ The Call Center,
The 3 Mistakes of My Life,
2 States,
Revoluion 2020

.
.

3 ( ) .
, ,

,
. ,
.
, ,
,
.

, . . , , , ,
...
; ;
. ,
. ?
. .. .

. 2012
, , , ,
, . . . . . , ,
. . . ,
. .. . ,
40 . . . . .. .

. ..
, ,
,
.

. ..
, . ..
. ?

. .. .
' ,
. .. .
, ,
- . .. . . ..
;
.'

,
, .

. . .. (Way 2 Wealth)

. . '
, ,
.
,

.'

. ..
. , . ..
,
, , ,
, , . . . . .
,
.

. .
,
. .. .

, ; , ,
, ...

'' . .. .. .
. .. ,
.. !

, ,

. ..
. .., . ., . .,
.
.( )

. . ..?
, .
; ;
; .
. , !
? , .

. .
.
.

.
. ,
, .

.
. , .
. , . ,
. ,
, , .

? , , ,
.
. .

. , , , .
, , . , , ,
. .
.

. . .
. ,
.

. .
? , . ?

. . . , ,
, . . . ?

. .

, ,
. ?
.
, ,
, . ,
, , .
. , '
, .'

?
? ,
.

. , ,
, (Production)
,
(Marketing).

, (Finance
Management).

,
. (Personal Management)

,
.

, ,
? . ,

.
.

, , , ,
.
. ?
, . ; .
; .

. .
, , .
, .
.

, , , ,
,
. , . .. ,
, , ,
, , , ,
, .

.
:

(Personnel Management)

(Marketing Management)

(Manufacturing Management)

(Finance Management)

, (Computer & Information Systems Management)

, . .. .

?
, ,
,
.

,
, .
.

? ,
, (Oven),
. ? ;
;
.
. 18 .

. .
.

,
? .
. ,
. .
, . ,
. ,
.

.
.
? , ,
, , , .
?
. ,
.

. ; ,
. .
. ?

. . ,
. .
. ,
.

.
(Division of Labour).

, , , , ,
.
. , ,
. .

. ,
.
. , .
,
.
.

. , ,
, , .
, .
- .

. .
. ,
,
.
.

.
... .
, . , ,
.
? . 1755-
. ,
;
.

.
,
. ,
. , ,
. ,
.
.

.
. .
. .
.
.

, , . .
.

18, 19-
. .
.
, .
.
, .

1901-
.
. .
(Personnel Department)
.

1903. . .
. ?

1903-
,
.

, , .
- (Division of Labour) .

1776- - - (An
Enquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations) ,
.
. .
.

;
; ;
; ;
. .
,
.
. ,
10X20=200.

. :
: :
.
.
?

4,000 ? . ,
48,000 .

, ? .
.
, 240 .

. . ,
. .
.
.
.

.
, .
. ,
.

,
.
.
, ,
, , ,
. , .

, , . .
1854- (David McCallum) (Erie Railroad)
.
, ,
, ,
. .
.
, !

; . 1876,
. ,
, ,
, !

, , - ,
.
. , .

? ,
, , ,
.
, .

, ,
;
.

, .
, .
. ,
.
1799, 1800- ,
. , ;
, .

,
.
,
. ,
.
.

,
.
. . 1850-

.
. 1868- .
1904- .

1901. .
,
.
.

, 1908-
. , !
. .

1903- .
. ,
. 500
.
500 . 500 ?
.

.
,
. , .
, .

.
. ,
, .

.
,
. ,
.
. (Chassis) ,
. .
.
, .

, 180
, 93 .
; .
.

,
. , .

, .
.
126 . .
. 180
. , .
1908- . ( ) 500 ,
.
. 15 ,
. ,
. . . ,
.

.
.

.
? , , ,
: ,
.

, .
(Frederick Taylor). ,
, .
,
. , (Time and Motion Study)
1911- . .
(Industrial Engineering)
.

.
. .
. ,
. ,
. ,
. (
. , !)

, 202 .
, . 202
, , . ,
!

, , .
. .

. .
. 1914-
.

, ,
.
;
,
.

, .

1914 1918- .
.
.
.
?
.

.
,
.
.
. , .

. . ,

- (Kotoku-in) 44
. , ,
. . ,
.

1,380 (Lourdes).

. 152
20 .

;
, ,
. ,
.

(Dr. James Esdaile


. 1845 , , , ,
346 .
. ,
, . ,
.
.
, !

. ,
, ,
. 999
. ,
.

:
.
.

,
(Presbyterian Cardiovascular Institute) (Dr. Mehmet Oz)
. , ,
, ' .
, ' (Say Om before surgery)
.

,
. ?

, ,
.

.
. .
?
.
.

. . .
, . - ,
? .
. , .
.

, , . ,
.
, , ,
. .
.
1890-
(Principles of Psychology) .
,
:

.
, . ?

.
. . ?

, , .
?

' , ,
, ?

, ,
, ?

.
, ,
. , ,
. , ,

.
? .
.

, (Hawthorne) ,
. ,
. ,
,
.
(Elton Mayo)
.
. 1927- 1933- The
Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization .

, ! ,
, ,
! ?

? ,
.
.
.

,
.
, ,
,
. , , ,
, ,
, ,
.

,
. .
(Human Resource Management . .)
.

. .. ?
(1909-2005). ?
.

;
.
,
. , 30- The End of Economic man
.

, '
, '' .
, , , . . , ,
.
. ,
. .
, .

30- 95 . 41
. .
, .
Practice of Management .

1939- The End of Economic man , ,


,
. , ,
. 1980- , , , -
. (Information Revolution)
.

, , ,
, . . ., , , ,
. . . , , ,
, , , , , ,
, .
, (Knowledge Workers)
!

,
. ,
, , , . .
.
; ; ; ;
!
, ,
?

? , ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
.

. .
, ,
.
, ,
.
. , ,
. ,
.

, ,
,
.
? ,
! .

. ,
. , .
, .

, ? ,
.

. , ,
.

, .

, -

? ,
. ,
. .
100 . 110 ,
, 10 . ?
110 .( ,
!)
. 110 .
, ,
.

. . ,
10% . 10 .
, 20 .
, , 10
.

.
,
.
.

.
. , ,
.
,
.

. ,
. .
, .
.
, .

(Abraham Maslow). ,
, .

, .
. , .
.
. , .
.

, .
.
. 1954- (Hierarchy of needs)
. ?
.

? ,
.

1 - ( , , ).

2- ( , ).

3- ( , ).

4- , ( , ).

5- ( , ).

.
.
1- .
, .

1. ; ;
; .
. ?

. ? .
, . ,
, . 2-
.

,
? , ,
. ;
.
.

;
. ?
.

? . ,
?
.
,
, , . ., , . . .

, .
. ,
. ,
. ,
.

,
. , .
. .
.

, .
. , .
.

,
.
,
. ,
,
.

,
, ,

.
.

,
(Human Resource Management H.R.)

. ,
, .
, ;
.
? !

, ..? ? , . . .. .
? , .
.
.

' , .
? . .. ?' ?

, , . . . ..
, , ,
. .

. !
!

1903- ,
1. . ,
; . ,
.

, , ,
, . ,
. ,
. , ,
. , .
, ? .
.

. , ;
.
. ,
.

.
.
. .
, (Saan)
.' ' .

. ,
,
; .

,
. ?
.

'' ,

. .

,
.
. .
.
.

. .
. . ,
,
,
.

, ,
;
.

. ,
. ,
,
. .

?
? ,
,
.''

, ?
,
.

,
? (Job Description) .
,
,
.
. , ,
.

, ,
. .
. ,
, .

.
.
, .
.


. .
.

,
. ,
. .
. , ,
.

.
.
. ,
.
.
,
.

,
. , Made in Japan
. Shu Shin Luh the
Sony way. Secrets of the worlds most innovative electronics giant.

, , ,
(Kiichiro Toyoda). ..!

, , !

,
. , (Toyota Production System).
TPS. , . . .
.

, .
. . . .-
, ?

. . .- . :

1. (Kaizen)

2. .

' .
, , ,
. , , ? ?

, , .
.
,
.

, .
, .
, , , , .
:

( ).

/ .

. .

. . - . ,
.
, . . .-
.

. . . .
.
. . . .
.

?
.
, .

What?

Where?

Who?

?
?

When?

Why?

5 W- How? ,
!

?
.
.

, ' ?

?'

? ' ,
? , ? .'

,
,
.
.
! , ?

. . .
. 1964- (Katsuaki Watanbe)
.

? .
.
? .

, ,
. ,
, , .

, . ... . . .
. , . . . .
, ? . . . .
-5 .
!

. ,
.
, !

, , ; , ,
. 1939- 1945 .

6, 1945, 8.15 .
. . .
90,000 .
. 70,000 .
, 70,000 .

(Little Boy).

. . 9. 11.02.
(Fat Boy) .
40,000 . 30,000
.

15. , '
.' , .
, , .
, .

.
, .
.
. , ,
.

(MacArthur)
. ,
. ,
.
.

.
(Homer Sarasohn).
. .

. .
29 .
. ?
.

. , ,
.
. . ,
.
. .

, ?
?
. (Edwards
Deming).

1950- , .
. .
Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) 30
. 20,000
, .
, .

. 1.
( Inspection) , 2. (Quality Control) , 3.
(Quality Assurance) , 4. (Total Quality Management) .

, , .

?
. ,
,
. ,
, .

? 14
. ( !)
.
, !
1. / , ,
,
.

2. , , ,
.

3. .

4. .
. ,
.

5. . /
. ;
, .

6. .
.
.

7. . ,
. ,
. , ,
,
.

8. , .
.
.

9. .
/ , ,
,
.

10. ,
, , ,
, .

11. .
.

12. , .
13. .
,
.

14.
.

. . - , 103 259 . 86-


,
. , 22-
. ,
85
. 15 .

.
. '
; 85
; 15
'.
.
.

(JUSE)
,
.
.

1950. .
.
. ,
.

1954- , (Showa Denko) (Nippon Kogaku),


(Noritake), (Takeda Pharmaceutical Company)
.
. (Hakone), (Waseda), (Osaka), (Koyasan)
. ,
.
:

80 20 . 100
? 50
? 50
. 10 , 80
.( 80:20 !)

,
.

, (Quality Planning),
(Quality Control), (Quality Improvement) .
.

, ,
; .
(Kaoru Ishikawa) 1962- (Quality Circles)
.

, ;
.

? , ,
. .
.
.
. .
( .
, , . . .
.)

(Cause and Effect Diagram) ( , .)


, .

1. (Methods)

2. (Machinery)

3. (Management)

4. (Materials)

5. (Manpower)

5 - . .
, , , ,
,
.
, (Fish Bone Diagram)
. , (Ishikawa
Diagram) .

. ,
,

, ,
. . 1960
. 1960-
.

, !

, ,
.
,

.
, , -
,
?

.
. , ,
, . 1960. .
- (Douglas McGregor)
, (Theory X, Theory Y).

, , . ,
?
; , .
X: Y.

X, Y
.
.
X !

1. . .

2. .
.
.

3. ,
.

Y !

1. .

2.
.

3.
.

4. .
.

5.
.

? .
.
. .
.
.

, -
,
X, Y !

'X, Y '
. ,
, . 1960-
. - .
?

. . . . ,

. . , , .
?
, ? :
' , .
, !''

' . ,
.'

' , ,
. . . . .'

' , .'

' . , ?
. .'

? , , ,
,
. , .
.

, ?
.
.

. 1.
. 2. 20 .

3. - pdf word document attachment .


- : mba@vikatan.com

, , , , ,
.
17- . 500
. , !

- 4P..!

.
? , ,
,
, .
.
.

,
. :

1) , 2) , 3) , 4)
, 5) , 6) .
. ,
. ,
. , , .
.

.
. ,
. ,
, .

. , .
(Sales). . . ,
, .
, .

? .
, .
. ?
.

' . . . ,
.' .

, ,
. 18-
, , 19-
, ,
.
.

, , ,
. ,
. .
.
.

. ( . . 6000
. . 4000 ) . (Hieroglyph)
. , , , .
.

500 . (Papyrus)
.
( ) .

,
;
. 3000 , 5000
.

3000 , (Pompeii)
. ,
! .
,
.

, , . 1439-
(Johannes Gutenberg) .
. 1605- ,
(Johann Carolus) Relation aller Frnemmen und gedenckwrdigen Historien-
. (1610), (1621),
(1631), (1634), (1636), (1645)
.

1631- , (Theophraste Renaudot)


, (La Gazette de France)
. 1704- , (Boston
Globe). ; ;
.

, . .
? , ,
.
.
.
. , ,
.
.

, , ,
. .
.
. , 130 ,
.
.

,
.
1922 - .

1941 - .

1994 - .

. ,
. ? ,
.
.
. , .

, , .
, .
, ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
, ...

.
. - ,
, , , . , 1960-
4 P -
(Edmund Jerome McCarthy) . 4 P- :

1. Product ( )

2. Price ( )

3. Promotion ( - )

4. Physical Distribution ( )

52 . , , 4 P- !

, , ,4
.
. , .

1. .
.
. , ,
. , ,
. ?
2. . ,
, .
, .
.

, , ,

. , . ?
?

3. , , .
; . 1961-
.
. ,
. ,
.

;
. .
. , .
. . ,'
. ,
. . .'

.
?
! ,
.

1. . , G- .
. , 8, 9, 10 .
7- .

2. , .
.

3. : ' ,
. .'

. ,
. .
?

. ,
. , . ,
, .
, . ,
, ,
, .
, , ;
.

, , (Logical) ,
, (Lateral
thinking) . (Malta)

(Edward de Bono) 1967- .

?
.
. ,
. ?

' , , .'
,
. ,
' (SWOT Analysis) .
SWOT . .

, . , .
, . , .

(Albert Humphrey)
.
' .

1949 10 , 20
. , (Long-range Planning)
. . ?

1. ,
.

2. ,
.

3. .
.

4. , ,
, .

1949-
. ! , ; , .
? ? ?
. . ,
, ,
, -

. .

. 1,100
. 5,000
,
. ,
. . 1970-
, .

,
.
.
' .

; ;
;
' .

, ,
' - .

' ? .
.
.
.
. ? '
!

, .
, .
,
. ! 15 . 5
.


. ,
. ,
!

!
?
? ?
, ?
. ?

, , , .

, ,
' . ?

. . . .20,000 . , . ..
. ' ?

1. .

2. , .

3. /
.

: ,
. ,
.

1. .

2. .

3. ,

: .

Conversational English . Public


Speaking . .

1. . .. 70,000 .

2. , .

!
. .. ?

: . ?
? ' .
? .

.
? .

. 500 .

30 . 80 .
.

.
:

1. .

2. , .

3. '' .
:

1. .

2. , , , ,
.

3. 60 .

4. .
.

5. , 12 .

?
?

, .
, , .

, !

?
. , ,
,
.
, ,
,
.

' ', '


', ' .
, '-
.

,
. ,
,
.

' ; '
; ' - .
, ,
(Images) .

,
. ,
, / /
.

,
, .
.
. ?

. .

. , . .
(Comptometers) .
.
.

1940- (Tabulator) .
.
. .

1960 , .
.

, ,
, . ,
.

1970 , ,
,
(Deloitte & Touche),
, Mentoring .

?
.

, ,

(Iliad). . . 800
. , (Odysseus). (Troy)
.

. ,
? , ,
? (Mentor) .

- .

. , ?
,
.

.
. ,
, ,

.

, , , , ,
. ,
, .
?
(Jack Canfield). .
1 . Chicken Soup for the soul

200 40 , 12
. www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEPtqx90grI.
.

360 !

(Performance Appraisal) ,
.
.

.
, , , .
?

' .
?'

' .
.'

' .
'

' .
.' ,
.
.
.
.
?
.

,
. , '
.
?'
.
? ,
. 1947-
(Time and motion study)

.
,

= 9,00

= 1,000

= 1,050

= 1,100

,
. , ,
. ? ! ,
, .

, ? ,
?

. , ?

; .
?

; . .
?
?

, , ,
. ?


: , ,
.

(Bayer) , ,
,
.

. (Agilent
Technologies) . , ,
.
, ,
.

, .
, .
, , . ,
, ,
.

. , ,
, ,
,
.

. .
, .

1973-
. - 360 (360 Degree Assessment).

360
. ? ! , ,
. .
.
?

. ,
, '
' .
,
' . ' .

,
,
.
,
.

,
.
.

.
.

.
.
. , ,
.
. .
. , , .
. ?

,
.

,
360 .
. ,
, .

360 .
. .
.
. , , .

.
. .
, , . .
..?

.
, .
, , ,
. ,
.

?
.
. ,
. ?

. .
? , .
.

, 360 ? , ,
, , , , ,
. .

. ,
.
360 ?

( )

.
.

360 , ,
, , . . .,
.

.
, ,
.
, .

1. - 36. . . ;
. ,
.

2. - . 42. 2.
. . ,
.

3. - . 50. .
. .
.

4. - 27. . .. .
.

2012.
. 2008-
7,208 . , . 2011-
4,984 .

, .
.
; .
. . . . ,
. . . .

16, 2012. (Marissa Mayer) . . .


. . ? 37
.

(Hewlett Packard) 1939- .


; . 2006
. 2010 2011 13
. . . .
. , (Meg
Whitman) . . . .

. 1906-
, 2000- .
,
. ,
. . . . ,
(Ursula Burns).

. . . .
. , . -
(George Gilder). ?

, , ,
. ,
.

. - .

1970- , ?
, .
,
. ,
. , .

. ,
.

. 19-
, .
, ,
; . ,
. ,
; ,
.

, ,
. (White collar workers)
.

, ,
,
. ,

1951 Equal Remuneration Convention .


, ;
. 183 . . . 168
.

.
. . . .
. ,
!
(Grant Thornton International)
.
.
(2012- ) :

10 . . .- .
(30%), (29%), (24%), (23%)
. , 10
!

, 21 . (46% )
. (39%), (39%),
(39%), (38%) . ,
- 14%.

(Korn Ferry International),


. , 700 , 348
. 22 ,
. , 8.1 % : 4.7
.

, ,
42 ! 66 !

, .
, , ,
.

... , ?

, ,
,
!

. ?
.

. ?
.

;
. , , .

.
? .
, , .
, ,
. ,
,
. ,
.

.
.
.
.

? :

1977.

.
.
, .
.
.

,
.

. , .

.
, . ,
, .

... 2003, .
.

, .
, .
. .

,
?
? ?
!

* .

* , .
* .

* .

* ,
.

* , ,
.

* .

. . . ..
. , . . -
.

,
, ?

.
, ,
,
.
.

? .

, , , ,
, . ,
, !

,
. , , . .
, ,
. , ..

, ? .

(Wyeth) . 1943- (Premarin)


.
.
.
.
. 2000- 1,06,000 .

,
.
,
. ,
, !
, .

, , . ,
? . ?

, ? ,
, . ,
.
.

,
, , , , . . , . .
.
. ,
, .

?
. .

. ,
.
, .
, .
, , .

1979- ' ( t t
t ) .
? .

. , , , ,
. . .

. , , ,
, , .
.

? ,
, , , .

? : , ,
, , .

... 60,000 . 80,000 .


. , 20,000-
8,000 . .
? ,
.
. ,
. ,
?

, ,
:

,
, ,
,
. ( s )
.

5 !

,
. ,
. ,
,
,
,
. (Five Forces Model) .
:

1. ,

2. ,

3. (Substitutes),

4. ,

5. ,

, ?
? ,
.

* , ?

* 5, 10 ?

* ?
* ?, ?

* ?
?

* , ?

* ?

* , , ,
, ?

* ?

* , ?

* ?

( , .
? ' , , , , , , ,
? ,
; , .
! ,
. ,
.)

* , ,
?

1 ?

.
?
? , , 17.7
.

. (American
Society for Training and Development) .
230

* 77% ; * 72% ; * 55% ; *


65% ;* 55% .
. , ,
.
.

.
(Paul Hersey),,
(Ken Blanchard) .
1985- (Situational Leadership Theory)
. '
. :

1. Telling ,
. ' (Directing Managers)
.

2. Selling ,
. ' (Coaching Manager)
.

3. Participating .
' (Facilitating Managers) .
4. Delegating .
. ,
. ,' (Delegating Managers)
.

,
. . ,
.
.

24 . , .
.
.

5 .

1- .

2-

3- .

4 - .

5- .

?
, 1.
, 5- .
?

1.

24 ? .

? 1 ?

, .

1 !

.
. ? .

5 . 1 ? 1.
, 1- 5 .

, .

3 . 23 ? 3.
, 23- 3 .

24 4
? 6 .

.
.
2 - 40
3 - 30
1 - 20
4 - 10

1 - .
2 -
3 -
4- .

. ,
,
.
. , .
,
. 1
? ? ,
?

.
? .

(Maturity)
. :

M1 - , , .
. ,
.

M2 - 1 . . ,
.

M3 - 2 . , .
, .

M4 - , , .
. .

.
. ,
.
, ,
. ,
. ,
. , ,
,
1 !

* ?

* ?
?
?

* ?

:
* ?
?

* ,

* , ?

* ,
, ,
?
?

,
, ,
,
:
,
. ,
. !

? ,
. ,
, . ,
.

...

.
.
?

100 pdf word document attachment , 26 -


. mba@vikatan.com.160; ,
, , , .
3 .

- !

, ' , '
.

' ?' , ' ?


?' .

' , .
. '
. ,
, , .
,

, , ,
'' .

.
1986- .
, .

1. . . .
?

2. . ?

3. . ?

. ,
. ,
; ;
.
?

. ,
, , ,
. ( t)
( ), .

. 10 . 10
, . , ,
.
.
.1 ,2 ,

3 ,4 ,5 ,6 .1
, ,
.

1 - 10 6,97,700 .

2 - 10 3,08.700.
3 - 10 66,810.

4 - 10 6,210.

5 - 10 233.

6 - 10 3.4 .

1 .
6.97.700 3.4 . , 6,97,696
.
. -
.

, ( ut), ,
( t ), , .

( ut ut) . .
.

, ,
, ,

,
. ,
.
.
,
.

, ,

.
, . ., . . ,
. , , ,
, . . . ,
.

, ,
.
5,000 . , ,
, , ,
. . ..
.
,
( s).

, .
. .
, , .

, .
.

? ! , ! ,
165 , 200 .
. ,

2 200 = 400 , 4 , .

. ,
.

,
.
.

.
. ,
(Role Model) . ;
; ; ;
.

,
(Benchmarking) . .
. . .
.
.

, , ,
. '
, .
? 30
!
! 1961- . 1970 ,
, .

1980- . 1974-
86 . 1984-
17 .
(David Kearns), 1 .
(Robert Camp) .

. - ,
.
40 . ?

. '
? ?

, 1,000- 30
.
. , 1,000-
.

,
. ,
.

,
, .
.

. ,
? , ,
. .

, , ,
,
.

, ,
,
. , ,
;
;
. ,
.

, ,
. ,
.
, , , , , ,

,
.
. 1989- ,

.
?

. . . . . 1990- . . . .
.
, 110 .
, .
.

,
, . . .

, 110
26 .

. . . . , . . . ., , ,
, , . .
.

?
.
2,500

(Cataract Surgery) .
? 250. ,
!
, . ..
. ?

(McDonalds), ,

. ,
, , 1991-
.

,
.
,
-

? . .
. .. . ,
? ?

, .

'' . .. .
.
.
, ,
!''

!
1980- , ? , ,
, , !

'
, ,' , .

, ,
, , .

, , ,
.
, , ,
, , . . ,
, , -
.

,
,
.

. . . .
, ,
...
, . . .

(B.P.O) ,
. ..?
. .
? .
.
. ,
. . ,
.
.

. ,
.
.

,
. ,
.

,
.

,
. , ,
, ,
?

. ?
, . ,

, !

1945 , ,
.
.
. ,
,
.

.
.
. . ,
.
. , '
,
?

. ..?
.
1949-
(Automatic Data Processing) .
.

1957- . ,
.
.

.
.

. , ,
10% . ?
.

. ,
..

. ,
, , !
. . . .

, .
(Call Centre)
.
. , 1960-
(Trans World Airlines) .
. ,
.

1962- (Plano)
(Electronic Data Systems)
.

. ,
, , ,
.
. . . .
.

, 1990- .
...
!

? ,
. . . . .
. .. .
- ?

- . , .

'' .
-
, .
, . ,
. , .
. ..- .
!''

...!
,
. ,

1990- , (Core Competence).


. ,
, ,
.

? .
. ;
; . .
, .

..?, ..?
? .
. ,
. , ,
.

, ,
. ,

; , . ,
. . . . . .. -
(C.K.Prahalad).

? ,
, .
.

. , , .
,

. .
, ,
.

,
. 1991- ,
(Worldwide Web),

1998- 98 . , ,
.
; .
; .

, ,
. .

.
, 1960- (Trans World
Airlines) . TWA
. ,

, .
. , ,
,
.

,
. ,
, .
.

, . ,
. 1994-
95 125 (World Trade
Organization) . '

,
. 1993- , . . -
(Gurgaon) . 1995-
, ,

(Accenture) .

, . '
70 ; 70
; 70
. ,
.''

,
. 1999-
- . ,
. Y2K .

Y2K ? 1990-
19
.
. 1999- 99 . , 99 1999
. 00 , 1900
2000 ?

Y2K .Y Year
.K . Y2K
.
? , .
.

. . . 28 ;

11 .
. !

- !

. .. ! !
.
!

1950- (Murphy) .
1975- . .
, . ,
? , . ,
.
- , , .

1980- 10
(Thapar),, (SPIC)
. , , . , ,
, , . . , , , ,
, .

,
, !
, ,
. - (Business
Process Re-engineering) .

. :

1) 2) 3) 4)
5) . ,
. , ,
,
.

, .
? ;
; .
.

,
. ,
, , .
.

, , , , , ,
, ,
. , ,
. , ,
. ,
, , , . .
- .

.
.
.
.
.

, . ,
10 ,
, .
,
(Zero-based Budgeting)
.

?
. .10 . 80 .

.
. ?
,
. -
!

, , , , . .
- . ,
(Massachusetts of Technology)-
(Michael Hammer).
?

1990 .
. ,
. ,
, .

,
! ,
. ,
. , .
.
?

, , ,
. ,
,
1990- .
- ! , ,
;
, .

? ' .
. .
.
.
. , .
.
, ,
, .
36,000.
. ' ,
. ?'

'
.'

' ?'

' . , , ,
.'

' ?'

' . ?'

. .

' , , ?'

' ? ?'

, .
. ,
. ,
.

.
.

,
.

1962- .

(Daniel Goleman),,
; . , ,
. , 1995-

(Emotional Intelligence) .
?

20 .

, ,
.
. 1995- ,
33
. !

, .
?
,
. ?

.
. .
. . .
, .
. .
.
. . . . .
, . .

;
.
. ,
,
. 12,000- .
, 12 .
; .

, .
, .
. ,
.

.
.
.

(Intelligence Quotient) . .
. , 140- .
120-140: . 110-120: . 90-110: . 90- :

, , .
,
, .

; . 150. ,
. . .
. 90. , .
.
. .

;
. . ?
. ; ,
. .
? .

1. , .
- ,
.
. .
.
. :

) .
?

a. .

b. .

c. .

) .
. . ?

a. .

b. .

c. .

) .
?

a. .

b. .

c. .

. ,
.

2. , ,
. . ,
. .
.

3. , .
. , .
.
, . ,
? .

4. , , .
. .
? .
. . ,
. , ,
. ,
, ,
, .

5. , ,
, . .
, ,
, , , .
,
.

, .
:

Emotional Intelligence Why it can matter more than IQ. Author Daniel Goleman

. , ,
. , ,
; .300 .

, . .
, . . . .
.

- ,
, ,
.

. . .
, 35- .
, .
,
. .
. , . . .
, .

. . .
.
. , , ,
, - ,
, .

. ' .
. .
.
. .'

. . , ,
. ?
' (Balanced Scorecard) !

' ? ,
.
? . , ,
. , ,
, ; .

, , , ,
, .
( ) .
?

, , ,
, , .
(Mission
and Vision Statement) .

, ,
.

:' , 2022-
.50 .

: 120/80- ,
, . 5
.
: , , ,
, . 20
.

: .
;
.

, .
.
? . ,
. (Score)
.

, 5 ? 3
? , 60 .
. ,
. ,
.

? .
, ?
. ? . ,
. ,
- .

.'
? . .. ?

, ,
;
.

. ..
(Robert Kaplan), (David Norton)
, ,
. , -
. ,
. , , .

'
, . , -
. ?
, , , ,
. ,

.
: (Financial Perspectives),
(Customer Perspectives), (Internal Processes Perspectives),
; (Learning & Growth) - ,
1991- .

,
, ,
, , .

75 ,
.
, 44 , 45
. , ,
,
.
?

. . . . . .. . ,
?( , )

'' . .. ,
.
. , . .. ,
.
.''

, !

. . .
. ,
. . .,
.
- .

. , .
. .
. , , .
, .

' , ?
, ?
,
? .

.
.
, .
. . .

.
, . ,
.

? ,. , , ,
.

? ,
.

, - , ,
.
- . .
. , (Core Competence)
!

(Bottom of the
Pyramid). ;
. , ?

, .
? ;
.

, ,
.
(World Resources Institute)
.
, :

1. 3,260 - !

2. 3,260 20,000 - !

3. 20,000 - !

- 400

- 200

- 50

,
.
? ?
? 400 . , Bottom of the pyramid.

, ,
. , . ,
.

.
?
.
!
,
.

. , , , ,
. 20 .
. , . 4
. ?4 .

,
. . ,
; 2004- .
, ,
.
. Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid
.

10 (Top 10 Business thinkers of the world)


. ,
. ,
. , , .

2004-
.
, ,

. :

1959-
1. 13 .


. 3
. 100 .
Bottom of the Pyramid .
1980 . , 100 , 200
. 10 , 20 . ,
. ,

5 . ,

. Bottom of the Pyramid .

, , ,
, .
.

Bottom of the Pyramid


:

, 3,250 , .

,
.

?
. ,
. Bottom
of the Pyramid - .

!
(Guy Laliberte) ?
. ,
. .

(Accordion) .
. ,
.

, 1980- .
,
. .
.
, .

. 1980-
, The company is in the red .

1985- Cirque du Soleil ( .)


. ,
, , .
, ,
.
. .
- .

. 271
. 850 .

,
?

, , ,
. ,
, . ,
. .

.
; ;
. ; .
. . 3,000
( 1,700 ) .
, . , ,
.
.

,
.

.
.

1996- (QB House)


.
.
. , ,
.
,
,
.
. ? 500
!

.
, ,
, 435
, 50 . , '

!
. 1990 .
, . .-
. . . .

. ;
.

, . . .
. .

' ,
. ?'
. .
. ,
(iTunes) , .
. .
.

. ' ;
;
;
?'
. !

. '
. ,

.
,
!

. ,
. 2,500
. ,
1 !

, ;
. ; , .
, .

Cirque du Soleil, , ?
;
; . ,
.
(Chan Kim), (Renee Mauborgne)
. .. INSEAD- . Cirque du Soleil, ,

, 2005- , (Blue Ocean Strategy)


.

, .
? , : ...

1.
.

2. ,
.

3. .

4. .

.
, .

? . ,
: :
.

2012 21- ,
. ,
, . ..
(Wharton) ,
, Foundation on Economic Trends
(Jeremy Rifkin).

2011- The Third Industrial Revolution, How Lateral Power is Transforming Energy, the Economy and the World
.

. ,
. , .

1973-
, 1976-
, 1991- (World Wide Web WWW)

.
, , ,
. ,
. , , ,
.

, , ,
, .
, , ,
. , (Hydel), ,
, , ,
.

. , ,
25 .

2078-
. ,
.

, .
.

,
. ,
, .
,
.
.

, ? .
,
?
? .

. , ;
. ,
. ?

3 D Printing, Additive Manufacturing !


, ?

(Printout) .
, .
, , .
(2 D Printers) .
, '
, (3 D Printers) .

. 2D , ,
. 3D ? ,
, . .
! , 3D , ,
. , 3D
,
.

3D additive manufacturing
.Addition . , additive manufacturing ,
.

subtractive manufacturing, , ,
.
.

, . ?
. , .
, ,
. .

, .
. 3D . , .
(command) ,
. .
.

. , .
, .
.

,3D ,
.

, 3D .
, 90
.

, ,
.
.

. .. , .
.
, 2013 .

.
.
' ?
1769 - .

1760- 1830- - .

1776 - (Division of Labour) .

1787 - (John Fitch) .

1814 - (George Stephenson ) .

1836 - (Telegraph) 160;

1848 , (Friedrich Engels)


. (Manifesto of the Communist Party).

1854 - (David McCallum)


.
.

1875 1905 - .

1876 - .

1879 - .

1892 - .

1897 - .

1901 - (Personnel
Department) . , .

1903 - .

1903 - .

1906 - (Vilfredo Pareto) .

1911 - (Frederick Taylor) (Time and Motion Study)


.

1916 - (Henry Foyal), Management is to plan, organise, command, coordinate and control
.

1933 - (Elton Mayo) The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization ,


.
.
1939 - . .
. (Management by Objectives) 160;
.

1948 - 1975: Toyota Production System


.

1954 - (Abraham Maslow)


(Hierarchy of Needs)160;

1960 - (Douglas McGregor) , (X, Y Theory)

1960 - (Edmund Jerome McCarthy) 4P .

1962 - (Kaoru Ishikawa) (Quality


Circles) .

1967 - (Edward de Bono) (Lateral Thinking)

1970 - (Alfred Humphrey) (SWOT Analysis)

1970 - (Peter Phyrr) Zero-based Budgeting .

1970 - (Mentoring)
.

1973 - (Doctor Clark Wilson) 360 (360 Degree Assessment)


.

1970 - (George Gilder)


.

1973 -
.

1976 -
.

1979 - (Michael Porter) (Five Forces Model)

1985 - (Paul Hersey), (Ken Blanchard)


(Situational Leadership Theory)

1985- ,
.

1986 - (Six Sigma) .

1989 - (Robert Camp) (Benchmarking)


1990 - . . (Core Competence).. ,
.

1990 - ((Michael Hammer) Business Process Re-engineering.

1991 - (World Wide Web WWW),,


.

1992 - (Robert Kaplan) Balanced Score Card.

1993 - (Total Quality Management) (Edwards Deming)


14 .

1995 - (Daniel Goleman) - Emotional Intelligence.

2004 - . . - Bottom of the Pyramid.

2005 - (Chan Kim),, (Renee Mauborgne)


(Blue Ocean Strategy). .

2011 - (Jeremy Rifkin) .

( : ,
, . .. . ,
, .)

, . .. ? .

. .. !

, , , , , ,

, .

; 1980- .
.

' . , ,
. 1969- . . .

. , .
. .
. ,
.'

1969- , , . . ,
. ,
. , !
.
. ,
1759- , (Commerce) , The Aula do Comercio
, . ,
.

? , .
. ? .

. , ,
, ;
.

,
. 1819- The Ecole Superieure de Commerce of Paris
. ESCP-EAP European School of Management
.

.
,
. , , ,
, 62
, 1891- !

1891- , , ,
(Wharton Business School) .
. , ,
.

, 1900- ,
(New Hampshire) , (Hanover)
(Dartmouth College), (Tuck School of Business)
.

. ..
. 1910.
, 102 , .

, , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , ,
, , . ..
. .
!
, , . .. . MBA (Master of Business
Administration), MBM (Master of Business Management), MM (Master of Management), PGDM (Post Graduate Diploma in
Management), PGDBM (Post Graduate Diploma in Business Management ), PGP (Post Graduate Program in Management),
PGBP (Post Graduate Program in Business Management) . ,
, .

. .. .
. ;
.
. .. .

Bachelors in Business Administration . BBA


MBA
.

, DBA Doctor of Business Administration ,


. DBA ,
.

. ..
.
. .

11 :

1. (Stanford Graduate School of Business),


,

2. , ,

3. , ,

4. , ,

5. , ,

6. INSEAD, Fontainebleau, , INSEAD, ,

7. , (Sloan Business School,


Massachusetts Institute of Technology),, ,

8. IE , (Madrid), ,

9. IESE , (Barcelona), ,

10. UST , ,

11. , , .
( , 10- . 11
: , . . . 11-
; , . ..
!)

. ..!

. .. .
11 , ,
. . ..
.

. .. (GMAT - Graduate Management Admission Test)


. . .
. ..
6,716 . 398. , 6
. 398 , 139 ;
, 167 . 53 .

. .. .
. 919.
8,963. , 10
. 910 , 371 ;
, 315 . 68 .

. .. , . ..
. . ..
, .
. .. .
4 2 : 3 8
.

, . 40
, ( ), ,
, . 35 .
, ' - 80
.

, . ..
; , !

. .. . ,

? ,
, 1,20,000
( ) . , ,
.

, ?

. 20
. :

1. Critical Analytical Thinking, 2. Ethics in Management, 3.Financial Accounting, 4. Leadership Labs, 5.Managerial
Skills, 6.Managing in the Global Context, 7.Managing Groups and Teams, 8.Organizational Behavior, 9.Strategic
Leadership, 10. Corporate Finance, 11. Data Analysis and Decision Making, 12. Human Resource Management, 13.
Information Management, 14. Managerial Accounting, 15. Managerial Finance, 16. Marketing, 17. Microeconomics,
18. Operations, 19. Optimization & Simulation Modeling, 20. Strategy Beyond Markets.

14 . :

1. Accounting, 2. Entrepreneurship, 3 Finance, 4. Global Management, 5.Human Resources, 6. Information


Technology, 7. Leadership, 8. Managerial Economics, 9. Marketing, 10. Operations, 11. Organizational Behavior,
12. Political Economics, 13. Public Management, 14. Strategic Management

. .. .
, . ,
, .

1. Business, Government & the International Economy, 2. Entrepreneurial Management 3. Finance, 4. Marketing, 5.
Negotiation, Organizations & Markets, 6. General Management, 7. Organisational Behavior, 8. Strategy, 9.
Technology & Operations Management

. ,

Entrepreneurship ?

Building and Sustaining a Successful Enterprise, Management of the Family Business, Launching global ventures,
Entrepreneurship in Healthcare IT and Services, Introduction to Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Venture Capital and
Private Equity 32 .

, ,
. , .
,
.
,
.

? . (Text Book)
(Syllabus) . .
. . .
. .

. .. .
, ,
.
. , ,
, .

; .
, .
.

. .. . ,
, ,
, .

, . :

1970. . .
. 1,000 . ?

.
. ?

,
(Corus) 24,000 . ,
?

. ,
, .
, . (Class Participation)
. , .

. .. .
, .

. .. .

. , , , ,
.

800 , 170 . , 5
. ,
.

170 . 3 .
, . ,
. .. .
. .. !

1759- , . ..
. , . .-
. , , .
?

1886-
.

1903. ,
. - , ,
, (Business Communication)
(Business Correspondence).

, (Sydenham College)
. , 1920- .
, ,
.

. 1948-
, (Indian Institute of Social
Science) . , 1949- Xavier Labour Relations Institute
. ,
.
;
.

, 1953- Indian Institute of


Social Welfare & Business Management. , ,
, .
. , 1951-
. , .

, ,
. ,
(1956-1961) .

? (Heavy
Industry),, (Light Industry) .
?

. ,
.
? .

, .
, . , ,
, .
.

, .
; ;
. , ,
.

. ,
?

(Indian Institute of Technology)


.

1951- , . . . ,
. . . . . ,
!

,
. ,
,
1953- (All
India Council of Technical Education) .

, , Board of Management Studies


. ,
. , , , ,
,
: , , . . .,
, . . . . (V.J.T.I) (Industrial
Organisation) .

. ,
,
. . 1955- .

. . . . ?
, . .
1928- , 1946- 18
.

, . ..
,
. . . .

, ; . ..
. ,
(Ford Foundation) . , ,
. ..
.

1961- ,
. .
, ,
.

52 . , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , 13
. . . .

. .. . ,
. , (All India Council
of Technical Education)
. , 500
. 4 . ..
.

!?

. .. .
. . .., . . ., . . ..,
. .. ., .. .
? - , .

'' . .. ,

. , - , ..
. . ..
. , . ..
!''

4,500 .
, . .. 1- . ,
.
. , 1961-
, .

. . .
:

Common Admissions Test . ..


. ,
. 1961 , ,
.

,
.
. , ,
.
.

, . . . -
,
.

. . - , ,
, .
- - - ,
. , . . .
?

1955- , . . ,
, . . . . . -
. . , ,
, .
. .

, - ;
. . . . .
,
. .
.

, !
(Indian Space Research Organisation) .

. , ISRO-
(VSSC) .

. ,
, ,
.

, , . . .
.
.
.
. ,
. . .
. . - .

. . , ,
?
.
. ..
. . . . .
, , . ..
. ,
.

. . . .
, - ''
'
' . .
, ; 1961- . . . .

?
. ,
. .

, . , ,
, ,
. ;
. . . .

(International Teachers Programme) .

1965. . . . .
. ,
. . . .
. , , !

. ? . . .
,
. ,
, .
.

38. ? .. ( , , ).
.

? ? . . .
.
. . . ., ,
institution.
.

, , , ,
,
.
. . . .-
1972-
. .

, .
,
. , . . . -
, , .

. ..!

, .
, . . , . .. ,
. , .
. , '' . .. .
'' .

. .. . . . . -
. . .
. .

. ..- . . ..
. ,
,

. .. .

. . ..
; ,
.

? ,
? .
,
. .

. .. .
. -
, , . ., ,
(specialise) , ,
.

, 54
. , . ,
100 . , ,
, . ,
.
, . .. : ,
, , ( ), , . .,
, , (Communication).
.

. 200
20 . 200- 20- 4,000
. 200 .
, , 4,200
. 4,200- , 20- ,
210 .

40 .
, (210 40) = 250 . 19
. . 200 .
19 250 200=4,950 .

? ,
.

. ;
. , , , (
). .

, .
,
.

! ( Principles Of Demand )

;
. .
; .

, ,
.

. .
? .
?
. , , (Elasticity of Demand)
. .

. ?
?

1. .

2. .

3. .

.
. , ,
,
?

, !
.
.
,
.

! (Game Theory)

,
.
, , , , ,
, .
.

, , .
, ;
.
.

, . ,
? ?
?
.

? - 1) 1) Economics by Paul A. Samuelson


& William D. Nordhaus , Publisher Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Limited.

, ,
;
;
; , ,
-
, .

!
, .  4P-
14- . 4P- : Product ( ),
Price( ), Physical Distribution ( ), Promotion ( ).

,
. ?

(Product)

, , ,
.
. , ,
:

, ?,
,
?, ? ?

, ?
, ..?

? ,
17 844 (Dialects) .
. ,
, , . ,
, ? ,
.
( ) , ?
.

(Price)!

.
.
,
. , ' . ,
' .
.
.

: , ,
(Commissions), ,
(Discounts), (Rebates) , ,
, .
! (Physical Distribution)!

. .
. ...

, (Door Delivery),
. .

, . -
. ,

, (flipkart.com)
- .

(Designer Dresses)
(Boutiques) .
.

, . , ,
.
, , ... ,
.

? ,
, . ,
. , . ,
. ,
.

(Promotion)!

. .
. .
?
. ,
. . .

.
?

, ,
, .

, ,
.
.
. ,
, .
,
.

, .

. ,
, ,
. . , , ,
(Social Media) ,

(Hoardings), (Product Demonstrations) - , ,


.
, ,
.

,
.
(Marketing Research) .

, . , ,
, , ,
(Forecast) .
, ,
,

. ,
.

, . ..
. ,
(Retail Management), b2b marketing, Digital marketing, E-commerce, Rural marketing,
International marketing, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Public Relations
.

, ,
, (Forecast) .
.

,
. , . . - , ,
.

. . ..
. . ..
?
9,60,000
. , 80,000 . ,
. ,
, , . ,
- . , ,
, , . ,
.

, :

, 70,000 ;

, 1,00,000 .

1. (Purchase)

2. , (Production Planning and Control)

,
, ,
.

.
,
, , .
, . , .


. ,
, .

, , (Production Planning and Control).

- 70,000 ,
1,00,000 , ?

? ,
? , ,
? , ?
?

. . . ?

, , .
, ,
.
, ,
,
.

, .
. ,
. .
, .

, , , , , .
. , ,
, , ,
? . , . ..
(Production Management),
(Operations Management) .

. . , (Production)
; .

. .
, .
, ,
- . ,
.

.
, .
.

.
. .
.
, .

,
. :

1. .( )

2. ( )

, .
:

1. PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Technique) 2. CPM (Critical Path Method)
. .. , ,PERT, CPM
. ? ,
.

www.netmba.com/operations/project/pert
www.netmba.com/operations/project/cpm

,
. ,
, Supply Chain Management, Quality Management & Six Sigma, Services Management
, .

. ?
. , ,
, . ,
- .

. 28-
.

,
.
?

, , , ,
,
.
.

, ,
. ,
. .
. , .
. .

, , .
, ,
. , .

,
,
. (Accounts Receivable),
(Accounts Payable) .

,
. ? ,
.3,30,000 . .90,000
.

= . 3,30,000

= 300

= . 3,30,000/300

= . 1,100

* = . 1,100

, . 1,100
.

30 . ,
30 .
. ,
?

10 . 10 . 365

. 1,100 ,
?

1,100 = 1,100 X10 = . 30,13,699


..............................................
100 X 365

30,13,699 .

, 8,21,918
. , ,
, , 30,13,699 8,21,918 = 38,35,617 .

! ?

, . ?
. ,
. ,
(Cost Accounting) .
? ,
,
.

. , ,
, ,
? ? ,
, .

.
. , .
.

, ,
, , ,
.

. . ,
,
, .
(Mergers and Acquisitions)
. . ,
, ,
.
. .. . Private Wealth Management, Private Equity Finance,
Security Analysis and Portfolio Management, Financial Services, Fixed Income Securities and Derivatives, New Generation
Investment Products
.

, . ..
.

. . .
. . . .

. ,
, .
.

. . ? ?
.

, ,
.
, .
? .
(Personnel Management),, (Human Resource Development),,
(Human Capital Management) ,
. . (Human Resource) . .
?

.
.
, .
.

, , .
. , .
. .
, , . . .

,
. ,
! . 1888
2012- .

. ,
.
; ;
; .

.
, .
, .
, ,
.

. ,
; . .
. ,
, - , . .
. . .

. , ,
. .
.
. , , .
. .
. .
,
, .
.
,
. , .
.
.

. ?
. , ,
. ,
. , ,
. , ,
(Computer & Information Systems Management) .
, :

, ( .
. .
. , ,
).

, .
.

?
? ? , ,
? , ?
?

:
, , ,

(Industry Associations) , , ,
, . . ., . . . . .

. :
,
. , ,
.

.
,
.
, .

? , .
? ?
, .
. ,
(information explosion) .
?

2,500,000,000,000,000,000 (Bytes).
?

8,000
. 8,000 , 90
.
, , , , , ,
.

, t .
. ,
. , . , .
, ,
- ! ?
, .

, t -
, ,
. , !

, . .. ,
. : , Information Technology for Management, Information
Systems for Business.

, Information Technology for Management, Information Systems for Business.


F, Technology Trends and Cloud Computing, Business Intelligence, Knowledge Management, IT Strategy,
Enterprise Resource Planning, IT enabled Services, IT Products & Service Management, Business Analysis &
Design !

. .. .
.
. .
. . . .

, , , . ,
, . ,
. ,
. .. , .
.
.
,
. ' , , . . .,

. ' ; ' , '


. ,
, ,
. , .

, ,
, , ,
.

, ,

. ., ,
. ,
, . :

(Listening), ,
(Assertiveness), (Persuasive
Skill)- (Communication) .

' , ' , '


. , , ,
.
.

. .. , , .
?

, ?
. , , ,
.
, .

. :

, ( (Body
Language) .

.
100 . ,
?
-7%

- 38 %

- 55 %

.
, , ,
.
, 55
. ,
.

. .. ,
.
. ,
, , . ..
. ? , ,
, .
, .
. .. .

, , .

?
.

?
.

? ?
- .

? -
.

, ? -
.
:

The Definitive Book of Body Language by Barbara Pease. : Bantam.

. .. ,
. Written Analysis and Communication
.

? .
,
. (Positive image)
.

; .
, .
,
.

, .
(paragraph) .
.
.

. , . ,
;
; .

(Active voice) . (passive


voice) . : Murali achieved his target . The target was achieved by
Murali .

, - ,

. .. , Written Analysis and Communication


. , ,

presentations . .
,
, .

. ..
?

. .. , .
.

. .. .
, ,
, .
, (
) .

;
. ,
. .
( ) .

. , ,
.
. ..
.

. ..
. (Class Participation) . ,
.

? , ,
(Business Policy) .
?

, Business Process Re-engineering


. , ,
. . , , . ,
, , , . . , , , ,
,
.

,
- , ,
.

.
, , ,
.

. :

. .
.
.

. .
. .

.
?

, , ,
, .
.
'
. , '
.

.
. .

'' .
.
. ,
. .''

.
.
.

. .
, ,
.

' . '
.

. :

'' . ,
.
. .
.

, .
. .

. , ,
.
. ,
. ;
.

, .
''
.

. ' ,
! , '- .

. .
.
'' . ,
.
.
.
. ,
.

,
. ,
; .''

. .
.
.

, . ,
, , ,
,
. ,
.

? , .
, , . . ,
, 2007- . . .

. .. . ,
. .

, .
, .
? . , .

.
.

.
.
.

' , ?'

' , , '

' , , , , , ?'

' , . :'
' , ?'

' '

' . .
. , ?'

' .'

' , ?'

' .'

,
- !.
.

' , ?

' , , , , , , , ,
, .'

' ! .
?'

' '

' , ?'

' .'

. , ?
?
.
. ,
,
. . .. .

, !'
. . ,
. ?
, ?'

' , , , .
, .
(Behaviour) , .
.
, . ,
!'
? .
, :
;
; , ' ?, ' ?
, , ,
.

-
. .
(Philip Kotler)
.

, ,
Marketing is the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at
a profit. Marketing identifies unfulfilled needs and desires. It defines, measures and quantifies the size of the
identified market and the profit potential. It pinpoints which segments the company is capable of serving best and it
designs and promotes the appropriate products and services

' . . .
, .
.'

-' . .. ?
, ?'

, .
. .
. ! .
! :

' . .

, ,
.

. .. . . ..
.
, . ,
. ,
.
, . , . ..
.

, , ! ''
. ,
' - , . ..
.

, ,
, . ..
.

. .. . , , ,
, . .,
. , .

. ,

, ;
? . .. .
- , ,
, .

. . . ,
, ,
.

.
, 70
. , 70
, ,
. . ,
.

? ,
(Practical Training) . . .
, .

. .. , . ,
.
, ? .
. ,
, .

. .. .
, ,
,
.
,

.
. , ?
, .
? .
.
.

, .
.
.
.

.
, ,
.
; .

(Networking) . ,
.
,
(Mentor) .

,
. . .
, / ;
; .
;
.

.
, , .
.

, .
, .

? . .. .
, . .
.
.

,
. ,
. ? ,
. ,
, 6 - . :

(Curiosity)

, .

. ;
.

(Competence)

(Commitment)

, ,
.

(Communication)

. ,
, , ,
, ,
, ,
.

(Confidence)

. .. ,
.
.

, .
, , .

(Compatibility)

, , (Personality) .
. '
, '
. , .

, . .. ,
, 6 - .
, !

?
. .. . , -
. .. ?,
?, 4,000- . .. .
, , ?

, , , , ,
, Careers360.com, eduniversal.com, mbauniverse.com ,
,
. . :

1. , , , , ,
, ,
(Consulting) .

2. , , (Ratio).

3. , , ( ,
, Role-
playing,, Presentations)

4. .

5. , , , ,
- (Wi-Fi) .

6. , , , ,
,
?

7. .

8. .. ,
.

9. ,
, ?

10. ?,
?, ?, , ,
?, , ?
.

, . .. .

. , ,
.
.
. .
.
(Open House) ,
. ,
.
.
.

. .
.
, ,
.

, , .
, .
, .
. .
, ,
.

,
, . ,
. ,
. .

.
.
,

.
.
, .


. ,
,
. , , . ,
.

, , , ,
, , ,
,
. . ,
, .
. ,
, .
, .

.
? . ..
. .
. .. , ( s) .
. ,
!

, , 2
. , .

. .. .
,
. , ,
, . .. . , . ..
.

. ,
. , ,
,
. .. .

.
.
. ,
, , , . , , , . . . .
. .. . 50%
. (Arrears)
.

50 . ,
; .

, . , . .. ,
. . .. , ,
, , .
;
;
. ,
.

, , ,
. ,
. , , . ..
. , ,
,
.

, ? , ,
. .
. , .
, ,
.

, . ,
. ,
(Graphology) .
.

, .
. ' (Career Plan) ?', ' ,
, ?' .
. ,

, . ..
:

, , ,
, (Logical Ability), ((Data
Interprtetation), , , .

, - , (Entrance Tests),
(Group Discussions), (Personal Interviews).
.

. .. , .
,
. ( . . - CAT
. CAT, MAT
. ,

, .)
, .
, , , ,
(Data Interpretation), (Logical Ability).

, ,
.
. , .
? .
.

-
, ,
(Guides) .
.

, . ,
, , , . ., ,
.
, , , (Time
Management) . 24 . ,
, , .

. .. .
. , , . ,
,
:

?, ?, -
?, ?
, , ?
, , . 90
, . .. .
? , 90 ? . ,
!

. .. !

96 .
- (Group Discussions) . ..
. . (GD) .

. - ? , ,
,
.
. , ,

. . . . - .
.

' . . , ,
. , ,
. , . . .
. , .'

, . . -
. ,
. .
.

? ?
. .

.
? . ,
. .
. ;
. . , .

. -
.

. . .
:

, , ?
?

? . ,
.

. .- :

, .

? ,
. , ,
, , , ,
.
. ,
.

, . . . . .
. . .. .

, :

1. ?

2. ?

? ,
.
Curiosity ( ) Competence ( ) Commitment ( ) Communication
( ) Confidence ( ) Compatibility ( ) 6 -
.

?
, .
.
. . ,
.

, . ?

, ?

,
, ?

, ,
?

. .. ?

, .

,
?

,
. ?

, ?

, :

?
(Oak Ridge National Laboratory) (Titan)
. ,
?

. . ,
, .
700 : 3,90,625
.

,
.

.
. , .
(Albert Mehrabian)
. .
(Silent Mesaages) :' ,
. 55
.'

? , , , ,

.
.

1. .

2. .

3. .
.
. ,
.

(Files) . , ,
,
.

, .
.

. .

, !

53 . , ,
, , .
,
.

' . .. ?'

' . .. ?'

, , ,
?' .

, ,
:
' . . . 14.4 ;
55,650 ; 46,000 .
? ?'
.

' 30,000 .
. , . .. . , ?'
.

' .
, ?'
.

. .. , . .. , . ..
, . ,
, .

' .
. '
.

' ,
. '

. . .

' , Balanced Score Card, Blue Ocean Strategy


' .

, , ,
.

. .. - .
.
!

!
, ?
. . , . ..
. ,

, . ,
. , .
, . .. , ,
, , .

, , ,
. ,
. ,
. , ,
. ;
.

? . . , ,
?'
. .
; ;
.
. ,
.'

! ,
1,500. 2 , 7,500.
7,000 10,000 , 22,000- 25,000
. 7,500

, .
?
, ,
.

,
. , , , ,
.

,
. , .
.

. , , ,
. ,
, , .
. , ,
.

(Longfellow) ,

The heights by great men reached and kept


were not attained by sudden flight.
But they, while their companions slept,
were toiling upward in the night.

( : ,
.
!)
, , , ,
. ,
; .
.
.

slvmoorthy@yahoo.com .

Thanks: www.vikatan.com/mba

Anda mungkin juga menyukai