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Lipid Profile Pattern in Anginal Syndrome

Patients From Marathwada Region of
Maharashtra State

Article July 2012

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2 authors:

Arvind S. Yadav Vinod R Bhagwat

BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College, Sawa SBH Govt Medical College, Dhule, Maharasht
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Journal of Medical Education & Research, Vol. 2, No.2, July-Dec 2012 ISSN 2249-9660
Original Article

Lipid Profile Pattern in Anginal Syndrome Patients

From Marathwada Region of Maharashtra State

Yadav Arvind S 1 and Bhagwat Vinod R2

Professor & Head of Biochemistry, MIMSR Medical College, Latur1,
Professor & Head of Biochemistry, SBH Medical College, Dhule.2
_______________________________________________________________________

Abstract
The disorder in lipid profile is one of the major risk factor for the progression of
ischemic heart disease (IHD). Increased serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG),
low density lipoprotein (LDL) level and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) are
associated major risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD). The present study, was
aimed to study the lipid profile pattern in angina syndrome in patients from
Marathwada region of Maharashtra state.
The mean SD (mg/dl) level of serum total cholesterol level was significantly
elevated in myocardial infarction (p < 0.001) as compared to the controls. There was no
significant change of serum cholesterol level in chronic stable IHD patients (p > 0.05)
as compared to the control. HDL cholesterol level was significantly decreased in
myocardial infarction (p < 0.05) as compared to the controls but no significant change
of HDL cholesterol level in chronic stable IHD patients (p >0.05) is observed as
compared to the control. Serum triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in MI
and chronic stable IHD patients (p < 0.001) as compared to the controls. The study of
lipid profile is primarily important and disordered lipid profile is one of the important
risk factor in the development of angina syndrome.
______________________________________________________________________

Keywords : Lipid profile, Ischemic heart disease, Myocardial infarction.

Abbreviations: IHD Ischemic heart disease, MI Myocardial infarction, TC - Total
cholesterol,TG Triglyceride, LDL -Low density lipoprotein, HDL - High density
lipoprotein.

Author for correspondence & Reprints:

Dr. Arvind S. Yadav,
Professor & Head of Biochemistry, MIMSR. Medical College, Latur.
Email: asyadav13@gmail.com

___________________________________________________________________________
12
Journal of Medical Education & Research, Vol. 2, No.2,July- Dec 2012
Introduction
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a
major public health problem in India. IHD
is the largest cause of disability and death
in India. IHD occurs much more
prematurely at an early age of life. This
cant be explained by the presence of
convential risk factors such as
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking,
obesity, insulin resistance and others1,2,3,4,5.
It is a leading cause of disability and death
worldwide and two third of these are
associated with hyperlipidema and
dyslipidemia. Increased serum total
cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low
density lipoprotein (LDL) level and
decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL)
are associated major risk factors for
ischemic heart disease (IHD). The study of
lipid profile is of primary importance due
to its role in development of
atherosclerotic changes in anginal
syndrome. In the developed countries there
are more than 240 million people with
abnormal lipoprotein levels. Serum lipids
and lipoprotein lipids have proven to be
the most potent and best substantiated risk
factors for anginal syndrome in ischemic
heart disease. Present study was aimed to
study and find out the lipid profile pattern
in anginal syndrome in patients from
Marathwada region of Maharashtra state.
Materials and Methods
The present study is a collaborative
study involving the Department of
Biochemistry, Maharashtra Institute of
Medical Sciences and Research Medical
College, Latur and Government Medical
College, Miraj. The present study includes
two hundred patients of anginal syndrome
___________________________________________________________________________
Yadav A S et al
(Hundred each from myocardial infarction
and chronic stable ischemic heart disease)
and hundred normal healthy control
subjects. The IHD patients were
diagnosed based on clinical examination,
laboratory investigations, Stress test,
electrocardiogram, angiography and other
tests. The anginal syndrome patients are
divided into two categories such as
myocardial infarction and chronic stable
ischemic heart disease patients. The
chronic stable IHD patients had last
episode of MI more than a year back and
from then they were symptom-less or
without any episode of fresh ischemia. The
normal healthy controls having age group
of 25 to 60 years matched with the
patients. All normal healthy controls were
symptom-less on clinical examination. All
laboratory tests including stress test were
within normal limits. All these subjects
had no past or family history indicating
cardiac disorders and were found to be free
from diseases like diabetes mellitus,
hypertension, renal diseases, liver diseases
and thyroid disorders.
Fasting blood samples were
collected from the patients and controls.
Non fasting subjects were excluded in the
study. The blood samples were collected
by vein puncture in plain bulbs and were
kept in tilted position for 30 to 45 minutes
to separate serum. The serum was used for
estimation of total cholesterol (TC), HDL
cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) levels
by using commercially available
enzymatic methods on fully automated
analyzer6,7,8,9. After knowing serum total
cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol and
triglycerides (TG) levels, the serum VLDL
and LDL cholesterol were calculated by
using Friedewalds equation10. The
13
Journal of Medical Education & Research, Vol. 2, No.2,July- Dec 2012 Yadav A S et al
statistical analysis were done by student t Serum triglyceride levels were
test. significantly elevated in MI and chronic
stable IHD patients (p < 0.001) as
Results and Discussion compared to the controls. Others have also
reported similar results in atherosclerosis11
The present study was aimed to
and IHD12, 13.
study and find out the lipid profile pattern
Lipids levels were classified
in anginal syndrome patients from
according to the classification
Marathwada region of Maharashtra state.
recommended by National Cholesterol
In the present study, mean serum total
Education Program (NCEP) and Adult
cholesterol level was significantly elevated
Treatment Panel III (ATP III) guidelines.
in myocardial infarction (p<0.001) as
The values of lipid profile in the normal
compared to the controls. The
healthy controls were agreeable and within
hyperlipidemia is considered to be a result
the acceptable range as suggested by
of disordered lipid metabolism. There was
National Cholesterol Education
no significant change of serum cholesterol 14,15
Programme .
level in chronic stable IHD patients (p >
The increased cholesterol levels
0.05) as compared to the control. HDL
have been reported in Asian countries
cholesterol level was significantly
during last decades. This increased
decreased in myocardial infarction (p <
cholesterol, triglyceride, low density
0.05) as compared to the controls but no
lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein
significant change of HDL cholesterol
and decreased high density lipoprotein
level in chronic stable IHD patients ( p
levels may be due to change in life style,
>0.05) is observed as compared to the
dietary habitats and stress which are
control. (Table No.1)
associated with globalization.

Table No. 1: Lipid profile parameters in the controls and anginal syndrome patients

Study n Serum TC Serum Serum TG Serum Serum

subjects (mg/dl) HDL (mg/dl) LDL VLDL
Groups

cholestero (mg/dl) (mg/dl)

l (mg/dl

I Normal
healthy
172.08 47.51 100.88 110.29 19.74
100
controls 26.80 14.53 18.26 24.79 3.87
II Myocardial
Infarction
215.73 41.78 152.28 139.73 33.79
100
patients 38.56* 4.63*** 66.36* 37.04* 21.87*
III Chronic
stable
ischemic 184.23 45.09 132.07 95.60 26.36
heart disease 100
patient 47.12# 16.07# 49.16* 40.46# 12.32*

The results were compared between group I and II, group I and III.
The values are expressed as mean SD,
*p < 0.001 Highly significant, ***p < 0.05 Significant, #p > 0.05 Non-Significant
___________________________________________________________________________
14
 Journal of Medical Education & Research, Vol. 2, No.2,July- Dec 2012
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