Introduction

the urinary tract includes the kidneys (which filter the blood to produce urine), the ureters (the
tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder), the bladder (which stores urine), and the
urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside) . Urinary tract infections
happen when bacteria get into the urethra and travel up into the bladder. If the infection stays
just in the bladder, it is a called a bladder infection, or "cystitis." If the infection travels up past
the bladder and into the kidneys, it is called a kidney infection or "pyelonephritis."

The ideal voided urine sample for evaluation of UTI is one that accurately represents the
bladder bacterial count with minimized contamination by bacteria colonizing the distal urethra
and genital mucosa. Theoretically this would be a clean-catch, midstream sample of the first
micturition of the day
The likelihood of detecting a bladder bacteriuria by voided urine culture is highest if urine is
collected on arising. This sample is likely to be most concentrated and bacteria in the bladder
will have had time to multiply overnight. However, this ideal sample is not practical since most
cultures are obtained at the time the patient is seeing the clinician

An optimal clean-catch, midstream urine is collected through various steps in attempts to

minimize the degree of contamination with bacteria from the urethra:

However, clinical studies do not demonstrate that cleaning the meatus is associated with lower
rates of contamination. Thus, for patients in whom the cleaning step may be impractical or
difficult, a midstream urine collected is likely an appropriate sample

Methodology

We will take the population as the data. We will take the valid consent from the patient and take the
interview from the patient.

LITERATURE REVIEW

In theory, the ideal voided urine specimen for evaluation of a UTI is a clean-catch, midstream
sample of the first micturition of the day, but there is no clear clinical evidence that such a
specimen yields more accurate results. Collection of a midstream urine, with or without cleaning
of the urethral meatus, at the time of clinical evaluation likely produces a reasonable specimen
for analysis (Baerheim A, Digranes A, Hunskaar S. Evaluation of urine sampling technique:
bacterial contamination of samples from women students. Br J Gen Pract 1992; 42:241)

There was no difference in the rate of bacterial contamination between the specimens obtained by the
clean-catch method and those obtained by the non-clean-catch method a study done in university of
varginina in 200 samples (Patrick Joseph Maher, Alisha Emily Cutler Brown, Medley O'Keefe Gatewood. .
(2016) The Effect of Written Posted Instructions on Collection of Clean-Catch Urine Specimens in the
Emergency Department. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. )

A COMPARATIVE STUDY Done in 105 womens with the symptoms of UTI concluded that if proper
MSCC technique is used, the differences between MSCC and CATH urinalyses or urine cultures do not
appear to be significant in the majority of ambulatory women without active vaginal bleeding who present
with symptoms suggestive of a urinary tract infection(Ann Emerg Med. 1989 Feb;18(2):166-72.)