THERMODYNAMICS A: Lab

Laboratory Experiment
Saturation Conditions: Water & steam
Saturation Conditions: Water & Page 2

Synopsis:

Aim:

The aim of the experiment is to show the relationship between pressure and temperature of vaporisation of
a fluid and investigate the accuracy of saturation data obtained using the apparatus.

Apparatus:

Boiler
Pressure gauge
Temperature gauge
Vent value

Method:
Heat water contained in a closed system of constant volume to measure the change in temperature
and pressure. Then compare experimental results to published steam tables.

Result:

Comments:

Conclusion:
 Saturation Conditions: Water & Page 3

Appendix: Tables & Graphs

Experimental values Table.1 Theoretical values Table.2

Abs pressure (kPa) Temperature (C) Saturation pressure (kPa) Temperature (C)
101 100.3 102.4 100.3
285.3 133.8 302.2 133.8
485.2 150.6 483.4 150.6
698.5 164 683.1 164

Overall table.3

Measured Output R m1 Corrected Output R c1

Absolute Pressure (kPa) Absolute Temperature (K) Guage pressure (kPa) Temperature ( C ) -
138.7 138.4 101 373.3 0 100.3 0 bar
148.4 151.2 285.3 406.8 184.3 133.8 2 bar
153.7 157.5 485.2 423.6 384.2 150.6 4 bar
157.3 162.5 698.5 437 597.5 164 6 bar
156.1 161 617 433.2 516 160.2 depressurize 30s (6 bar)
154.4 158.6 529.6 426.58 428.6 153.58 depressurize 60s (4 bar)

Graph 1 (relates to table 1 & 2)

Pressure vs Temperature
800
Absolute Pressure (kPa)

700

600

500

400
Experimental

300 Theoretical
Linear (Experimental)
200
y = 8.8147x - 816.38
100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Temperature (degrees C)
Saturation Conditions: Water & Page 4

Table 4
Saturation pressure (kPa) Saturated Temperature ( C )
102.4 99.91
302.2 131.8
483.4 150.7
683.1 164.9

LN(P_sat) LN(T_sat)
4.628886713 4.604269781
5.71108905 4.881285622
6.180844468 5.015291106
6.526641262 5.10533923

Graph 2: relationship between saturation temperature/pressure

=
ln( ) ln( )

Pressure vs Temperature
5.2

5.1 y = 0.2645x + 3.3775

5
Saturated pressure (kPa)

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Saturated Temperature ( C )