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PYL-113, Tutorial No. 3

1. Consider a real symmetric matrix

1 3 32
2
A = 3 12 32

2
32 32 2 1

(a) Find the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of A.

(b) Find an orthonormal transformation that diagonalizes A.

2. Consider the pair of linear differential equations

dx dy
= x + 8y; = 2x + y.
dt dt

Using method of matrix diagonalization find x(t) and y(t) as functions of t for the initial condition
x = x0 , y = y0 at t = 0.

3. Consider following matrices

1 0 0 2 4 0

A = 0 1 0 , B = 3 1 0 .


1 0 2 1 4 1

Can these matrices be simultaneously diagonalized? If yes find a matrix M which diagonalizes
them.

4. In the complex analysis while defining derivative of a complex function f (z) we argued that unlike
real variable calculus (which has only two possible directions), one can approach the limit in any
direction (infinitely many as a matter of fact) towards a point z, as shown in the figure. Show that
the limit would be independent of the angle of approach if CR conditions are satisfied.
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5. Determine if the following functions are analytic

(a) |z|, (b) Re[z], (c) ln(1 + z)

6. Use Cauchy integral formula to evaluate following integrals (C is a circle given by |z 3| = 6).

ez /(z 2) dz
H
(a) C

sin(z)/(z + 1)3 dz
H
(b) C
H
(c) C
cos(z)/(z 10) dz

How the answers to above integrals change if C is a circle given by |z| = 11.

7. Obtain Taylor expansion of the following functions about the indicated points and find the radii of
convergence of the series obtained.

(a) sinh(z) about z = i.

(b) ln(1 + z) about z = 0.