Summary Edit
A circle is inscribed in the triangle if the triangle's three sides are all tangents to a circle.
In this situation the circle is called an inscribed circle, and its center is called the inner
center, or incenter.
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Since the triangle's three sides are all tangents to the inscribed circle, the circle's
distance from the three sides are all equal to the circle's radius. Thus in the diagram
above,
where denotes the radius of the inscribed circle.
Another important property of circumscribed triangles is that we can think of the area of
as the sum of the areas of triangles and Since
the three triangles each have one side of as the base, and as the height, the
area of can be expressed as
The segments from the incenter to each vertex bisects each angle.
The distances from the incenter to each side are equal to the inscribed circle's
radius.
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Then, we have