Investment Activities
Investment activities of Uttara Bank Limited (UBL) and Islami Bank Bangldesh Limited
(IBBL) are governed by different sets of rules and regulations. The investment activities of
UBL is concerned with leading money and getting it back with interest according to the Banks
own rules and regulations. Whereas the investment activities of IBBL are operated in
compliance with "Shariah".
Agriculture Loan
The overall economic development of our country depends on Agricultural growth. With a
view to augmenting agricultural output, creating employment opportunities and generating
income of the rural people, Uttara Bank Limited intensified its efforts to extend credit facilities
to all sections of rural population under various rural credit schemes, programmes and projects
pertaining to agricultural and of farming activities. At present the Bank is disbursing agri
Loan to the farmers directly through all its branches with simple terms and conditions. The
persons interested in agricultural work, including men and women, landless/ marginal
farmers and shared croppers are eligible for receiving agri loan from the Bank. The agri
credit sectors of the Banks are crops, irrigation, equipment, agricultural machineries, livestock,
fisheries (including shrimp) and poverty alleviation etc.
SME Financing
SMEs are important to almost all economies of the world, but especially to those in developing
countries like Bangladesh. Financing in SME sector is a good opportunity to diversify the
portfolio risks. Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) remains the engine of growth in the
emerging economy. Uttara Bank Limited has been putting its emphasis on Small and Medium
Enterprise Financing in line with the Prudential Regulations/Guidelines of Bangladesh Bank.
The Banks strategy is to provide working capital and term loan to different small and medium
scale manufacturers, traders and service providers that fall under SME sector.
Personal Loan
Personal loan scheme has been introduced to extend credit facilities to cater the needs of low
and middle income group for any purpose.
Syndicated Finance
Syndicated loans allow arranging funds for large projects spreading the risk amongst the
partners Banks. Clients also enjoy the benefits of having access to larger pool of funds from
multiple financial institutions but have to deal with one Agent Bank and one set of
documentation. The Bank worked as a participating financial institution in syndication finance.
Corporate Finance
Uttara Bank Limited always adopt strategy for widespread service for the large and medium
sized corporate customers and Banks business is focused to a considerable extent on the
corporate clients by maintaining a relationship and extending financial assistance based on a
deep understanding of the clients business environments, financial needs and internal
strategies for growth. The Bank extends its financial support to the corporate clients either
from own finance or by arranging syndicated/club finance. The investment in corporate sector
is the combination of a mixed and balanced allocation in various natures of business/industries
based on the socioeconomic perspectives and long term planning.
Lease Finance
This scheme has been designed to assist and encourage the genuine and capable entrepreneurs
and professional for acquiring capital machineries, medical equipments, computers, vehicles
and other items. As part of its diversification of credit products Uttara Bank Limited introduced
Lease financing Scheme. The Bank continues to disburse loan under this Scheme. Major
sectors where the Bank has extended its business are mainly Imports and Exports, Commercial
Enterprises, Steel Re-rolling Mills, Readymade Garments, Textiles, Edible oil and Cement
Factories etc.
Investment Activities of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL)
Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited does not directly deal in money. They run business with
money. The funds of IBBL are mainly invested according to the different modes permitted by
"Shariah". "Shariah" means such rules and regulations as have their origin in the holy Qur'an
and Sunnah to govern all aspects of human life.
The special feature of the Investment Policy of the Bank is to invest on the basis of profit-loss
sharing system in accordance with the tenets and principles of Islamic Shari'ah. Earning of
profit is not the only motive and objective of the Bank's Investment Policy rather emphasis is
given in attaining social goal and objective in creating employment opportunities.
Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited adopts a number of modes for investment. Investment modes
of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited are being outlined below:
BAI-MODES
Bai-Murabaha
The term Bai-Murabaha has been derived from Arabic words and ( Baiun and Ribhun).
The word means purchase and sale and the word means an agreed upon profit.
Bai-Murabaha means sale on agreed upon profit.
Bai-Murabaha may be defined as a contract between a buyer and a seller under which the seller
sells certain specific goods (permissible under Islamic Shariah and the Law of the land), to the
buyer at a cost plus agreed profit payable in cash or on any fixed future date in lump-sum or
by installments. The profit marked-up may be fixed in lump-sum or in percentage of the cost
price of the goods.
Bai-Muajjal
The term Bai-Muajjal has been derived from Arabic words and ( Baiun and Ajalun).
The word means purchase and sale and the word means a fixed time or a fixed period.
" Bai-Muajjal " means sale for which payment is made at a future fixed date or within a fixed
period. In short, it is a sale on Credit Bai-Muajjal may be defined as a contract between a Buyer
and a Seller under which the Seller sells certain specific goods permissible under Islamic
Shariah and Law of the land) to the Buyer at an agreed fixed price payable at a fixed future
date in lump sum or within a fixed period by fixed instalments. The seller may also sell the
goods purchased by him as per order and specification of the Buyer. In this Bank, Bai-Muajjal
is treated as a contract between the Bank and the Client under which the Bank sells the goods,
purchased as per order and specification of the Client, to the client at an agreed price payable
at any fixed future date in lump sum or within a fixed period by fixed instalments. Thus it is a
Credit sale of goods by which ownership of the goods is transferred by the Bank to the Client
but the payment of sale price by the Client is deferred for a fixed period.
Bai Salam
The term Bai-Salam has been derived from Arabic words and ( Baiun and
Salamun). The word means purchase and sale and the word means advance. Bai-
Salam means advance purchase and sale.
Bai-Salam may be defined as a contract between a Buyer and a Seller under which the Seller
sells in advance the certain commodity (ies)/product(s) permissible under Islamic Shariah and
the law of the land to the Buyer at an agreed price payable on execution of the said contract
and the commodity (ies)/product(s) is/are delivered as per specification, size, quality, quantity
at a future time in a particular place.
In other words, Bai-Salam is a sale whereby the seller undertakes to supply some specific
Commodity (ies) /Product(s) to the buyer at a future time in exchange of an advanced price
fully paid on the spot. Here the price is paid in cash, but the delivery of the goods is deferred
Istisnaa
Istisna'a is a contract between a manufacturer/seller and a buyer under which the
manufacturer/seller sells specific product(s) after having manufactured, permissible under
Islamic Shariah and Law of the Country after having manufactured at an agreed price payable
in advance or by instalments within a fixed period or on/within a fixed future date on the basis
of the order placed by the buyer.
Bai-As-Sarf
Bai- as-Sarf is a contract of exchange of money for money. This contract is tightly regulated
under Shari`ah because it can be easily manipulated for the purpose of producing an interest-
bearing loan, which is prohibited in Islam. In pre-Islamic times gold was exchanged for gold,
silver for silver and gold for silver or vice versa. In Islamic law such exchange is regarded as
sale of price for price and each price is consideration of the other. It also means sale of monetary
value for monetary value i.e. currency exchange.
Ibn Rushd examines the three forms of sale that can arise in a market where goods and money
are in existence:
"When two commodities are exchanged, one may serve as a currency and the other as a priced
commodity, or both may be currencies. When a currency is exchanged for a currency the sale
is called 'sarf', and when a currency is exchanged for a priced commodity, the transaction is
sale property ('bay'). Similar is the sale of a priced commodity for another priced commodity
(barter)"
In respect of Bank, Bai-as-Sarf is a contract/agreement between the Bank and the Client under
which the Bank purchase the foreign currency against the Foreign documentary bill in advance
from the Client at specified/agreed exchange rate.
Bai-as-Sarf (FDB) is practiced for providing post shipment finance facility against Foreign
Currency export Bills and Bai-as-Sarf (FCD) is done for providing advance finance facility
against Foreign Currency Cheque /Draft
SHARE-MODES
Mudaraba
The term Mudaraba has been derived from one of the meanings of the Arabic word
which means Travel. Thus the word Mudaraba means Travel for undertaking business.
Mudaraba is a partnership in profit whereby one party provides capital and the other party
provides skill and labour. The provider of capital is called "Shahib al-maal", while the provider
of skill and labour is called "Mudarib".
So, Mudaraba may be defined as a contract of partnership where the Shahib al-maal provides
capital to the Mudarib for investing it in a commercial enterprise by applying his labour and
endeavor. Both the parties share the profit as per agreed upon ratio and the losses, if any, being
borne by the provider of funds i.e. Shahib al-maal except if it is due to breach of trust i.e.
misconduct, negligence or violation of the conditions agreed upon by the Mudarib. If there is
any loss incurred due to the reasons mentioned above, the Mudarib becomes liable for that.
Musharaka
The word Musharaka has been derived from the Arabic word Shirkat or 'Sharikat' (Shirk). In
Arabic, Shirkat or Sharikat or Shirk means partnership or sharing. Thus the literal meaning of
'Musharaka' is sharing though the connotation of this term is limited than the term Shirkat. The
term Musharaka has been introduced recently in Islamic Banking literature to mean a particular
type of Shirkat.
In Islamic Fiqh literature, Shirkat, in its primitive sense, signifies the conjunction of two or
more estates, in such a manner, that one of them is not distinguishable from the other. The term
Shirkat, however, is extended to contracts, although there be no actual conjunction of estates,
because a contract is the cause of such conjunction. In the language of the law it signifies the
union of two or more persons in one concern. It is the partnership between two or more persons
or institutions.
In Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL), the Bank may take part in a business with its
Client(s), where both the Client(s) and the Bank provide capital in fixed proportions, take part
in the management of business and share the profit in proportion to their respective capital ratio
or at pre-agreed ratio and bear the loss, if any, in proportion to their respective capital/equity
ratio.
IJARA-MODES
UBSL provides a number of services catering to the various needs of investors. The Services
offered by UBSL are being given below:
Products of IBSL
Principle of Musharaka
The Profit will be shared as per agreed ratio and Loss will be born as per equity participation.
Musharaka Standard
Deposit slab: From Tk. 1,00,000/-(Taka One Lac) to Tk.20,00,000/-(Taka twenty lac )
Profit ratio=60:40 (Client: IBSL)
Musharaka Premium
Deposit slab: From Tk. 20,00,001/-(Taka twenty lac one) to Tk. 1,00,00,000/-(Taka
One Crore)
Profit ratio=65:35 (Client: IBSL)
Musharaka Supreme
Deposit slab: From Tk. 1,00,00,001/-(Taka One Crore One) to Tk. 10,00,00,000/-
(Taka ten Crore )
Profit ratio=70:30 (Client: IBSL)
MDA Premium
Deposit slab: From Tk. 20,00,001/-(Taka twenty lac one) to Tk. 1,00,00,000/-(Taka
One Crore)
Profit ratio=65:35 (Client: IBSL)
MDA Supreme
Deposit slab: From Tk. 1,00,00,001/-(Taka One Crore One) to Tk. 10,00,00,000/-
(Taka ten Crore )
Profit ratio=70:30 (Client: IBSL)
Rate
Deposit Type Deposit Accounts Name Term
(Provisional)
1
MTDRA Mudaraba Term Deposit Receipt 4
Month
3
MTDRA Mudaraba Term Deposit Receipt 5.9
Months
6
MTDRA Mudaraba Term Deposit Receipt 6
Months
01 to 10
MHSA Mudaraba Hajj Savings Account 7.3
Years
11 to 25
MHSA Mudaraba Hajj Savings Account 7.6
Years
10
MMSA Mudaraba Muhor Savings Account 7.3
Years
Interest Rate Spread based on Monthly Weighted Average Rate of Interest on Deposits
and Advances
Though conventional banks and Islamic banks strive for maximization the wealth of its
shareholders, they run their operations based on the different pillar of rules and regulations.
Conventional banks are governed by man-made rules and regulation whereas Islamic banks are
ruled by rules and regulations which are in compliance with "Shariah".
Investments in conventional banks are based on guaranteed principal and earning a fixed
amount of income. In Islamic banking, the concept of investment is different. Although the
customer deposits the money in order to earn extra income for her savings, her principal and
returns arent guaranteed. Suppose the Islamic bank loses money because of an unexpected
business failure. In this case, the bank isnt liable to pay the money to its customer.
Uttara bank Limited (UBL) charges interest even if the clients suffer from losses using the
banks funds. Therefore, UBL is not based on profit and loss sharing. Whereas Islami Bank
Bangladesh Limited (IBBL) operates on the basis of profit and loss sharing. As a result, even
if its clients have suffered losses, the bank will share these losses based on the mode of finance
used (Mudarabah, Musharakah).
At the end, we can say that both of conventional banks and Islamic banks have been operating
in our country suiting to different needs of different people of different sectors in our society.
Both of conventional banks and Islamic banks target their niche markets for their growth as
well as satisfying the needs of its clients.
Vision of Uttara Bank Limited (UBL)
Goal of IBBL is to establish and maintain the modern banking techniques to ensure the
soundness and development if the financial system based on islami principles and to become
the strong and efficient organization with high motivate professionals, working or the benefit
of the people, based upon accountability, transparency, and integrity in order to ensure the
stability of financial system
IBBL will try to encourage saving in the form of direct investment. IBBL will also try to
encourage investment particularly in projects, which are more likely to higher employment.
Mission of Uttara Bank Limited (UBL)
To provide high quality financial service.
To provide excellent quality customer service.
To maintain corporation and business ethics.
To become a trusted repository of customer money and their financial advisor.
To make their stop superior and rewarding to the customer.
To display team sprite and professionalism,
To have a sound capital base.
Building a strong customer focus and relationship based on integrity, superior service.
To creating an honest, open and enabling environment.
To value and respect people and make decision based on merit.
To strive for profit and sound growth.
To work as a team to serve the best interest of our owners.
To relentless in pursuit of business innovative and improvement.
To base recognition and reward on performance.
To finance the international trade both in import and export.
To develop the standard of living of the limited income group by providing consumer
credit.
To finance the industry, trade and commerce in both the conventional way and by
offering customer friendly credit service.
Profit is the difference between the value of production and the cost production which is halal
according to Islamic Shariah.
IBBL operates on the basis of profit and loss sharing. As a result, when its clients suffered from
losses, the bank will share these losses based on the mode of finance used such as Mudarabah,
Musharakah etc.