Well Profile 3D
This works a profile out in full 3 dimensional
space
Dimension 1 is TVD
Dimension 2 is North
Dimension 3 is East
Using minimum curvature to design wells by
section
Lead angles
Dogleg limitations by formation
Tangent section requirements
1
Manual calculation
Forget it
Use the software; its much easier.
Some specials
Horizontal
Designer
Geo-steered
Well placement in reservoir
2
Well Profile 3D
Azimuthal changes
Same dogleg severity
Lead angles needed
Increasing MDs
S/Sn/W 3D view
Straight horizontal
No dogleg
Snaky horizontal
Azimuth seeking
Wavy horizontal
Inclination seeking
3
Horizontal
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000
0 0
Tie-In
seabed
1000
KOP
Special S-profile 1000
2000 2000
3000 3000
EOC #1 (3D-S)
4000 4000
5000 5000
6000 6000
7000 7000
8000 8000
9000 9000
10000 10000
11000 11000
EOC
RGU_E5
#2 td
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000
True displacement is
lace
Latutude
Disp
4
Closure Azimuth
T arge t
CLOSURE AZIMUTH
= DEPARTURE Depart ure
tan 1
LATITUDE
t
men
lace
Latutude
Disp
on
cti
Se
al
rtic
Ve
Surface Reference Point
Vertical Section
VERTICAL SECTION=
DISPLACEMENT x cos (TARGET AZIMUTH - CLOSURE AZIMUTH) Target
Depart ure
t
men
VERTICAL SECTION IS
lace
Latutude
THE PROJECTION OF
Disp
n
tio
PROPOSAL
Ve
5
Plane of Proposal Targ et
Purpose for De p a r t u r e
calculating vertical
section:
ent
Project well onto
cem
la
Latutude
Plane of Proposal
Disp
n
tio
Plot progress of well
ec
lS
a
rtic
on the Well Plan.
Ve
PLANE OF PROPOSAL
Tortuosity
Tortuosity is the excess curvature in a wellbore. It is
usually expressed as a value per unit length eg.
0.4deg/100ft
It is very important when trying to predict torque and
drag for a particular profile.
Rotary steerable assembly should significantly reduce
tortuosity compared with steerable motors
6
Impact of Kick off Depth
Kick off point can vary for all wells
Simple J well
Next slide will show the outcome of
deepening the KOP by 500ft increments
Because the radius of curve is less than
the target offset distance there will always
be a mathematical solution
Easy to Impractical
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
0 tie-in 0
seabed
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
TVD Scale = 1:2000(ft)
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
nudge point
12000 12000
end of build
7
Impact of Kick off Depth
For the same target and BUR:
The shallower the kick off depth, the lower the
tangent angle and the shorter is the well length.
Well KOP Angle Measured Depth @ Amount of
TD directional steering
1000kop 1000ft 44 13077ft 2239ft
2000kop 2000ft 49 13395ft 2463ft
3000kop 3000ft 54 13777ft 2728ft
4000kop 4000ft 61 14242ft 3046ft
5000kop 5000ft 68 14418ft 3428ft
6000kop 6000ft 77 15522ft 3885ft
7000kop 7000ft 88 16400ft 4421ft
The Robert Gordon University 2007
8
Shallow Kick off Point cont.
Build up section to be cased off
Good to case of the build up section
Typical offshore designs set casing at end of initial build
Reduce risk as build up section potentially more unstable
Enables a very high displacement from the
wellhead
ERD wells use very high kick off points and very high
angle tangent section angles
Allows high displacement even if at a shallow TVD
Build up rate typically low to reduce overall torque
and drag
Allowing high build up rates here will have large impact
The Roberton torque
Gordon values further down well
University 2007
9
0 0
2000 2000
4000 4000
TVD Scale = 1:2000(ft)
6000 6000
8000 8000
10000 C-6 10
c6 40
90
30
70
J60
20
80
50 10000
12000 12000
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000
Verti cal Section (ft) Azi m = 339.12, Scal e = 1:2000 Ori gin = 35.35 N/-S, 7.07 E/-W
10
J Type vs S type discussion
As can be seen for the same kick off point
there is a large difference in the tangent
angle and measured depth of the well.
S type wells will tend to develop a lot more
torque than an equivalent displacement J
type
Usually S shaped wells drilled for
production reasons have a small
tolerance on the angle across reservoir
(less than 5 or 10 degrees)
The Robert Gordon University 2007
Summary
Every target potentially has 1000s of well plans to hit the
centre.
Choose your plan based on reason dont just accept the 1st
one you are given
Use geology to help with plans, if you know a formation naturally
builds then use this to your advantage
Also find out if formations are stable drilled in all directions
Make plans as simple as possible
Remember big bends in the wells initially cause major issues
later on in the well with torque
Know what the completion mechanism is during design stage
e.g. ESPs need tangent sections, PCPs have dogleg
constraints
11