6/15/2017

AdvancedVoltageSourceConverter
Technology&PowerSystems
Applications

JoeFox
BusinessDevelopmentSpecialist,
SiemensTransmissionSolutions

SiemensEnergyManagementlivesuptofuturechallengeswith
themostcomprehensiveportfolio

Largepower TSOs1 DSOs2 and Distributed Oilandgas Industries Infrastructures/

generation municipalities generation construction
Digitalization

Software/IT
Gridcontrol bigdataanalytics gridapplication
Servicesandsecurity
Automation

Communication,automation,protection,andfielddevices

Electrificationsolutions
Highvoltagedirectcurrent(HVDC)transmission gridaccess FACTS
Electrification

airinsulated/gasinsulatedsubstations powersystemssolutions microgrids /nanogrids

Productsandsystems
Highvoltageswitchgearandsystems powertransformers mediumvoltageswitchgear
distributiontransformers lowvoltageswitchboardsandcircuitbreakers

1 Transmissionsystemoperators 2 Distributionsystemoperators

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Agenda

Background TheEvolvingGrid

TheChallenge:Maintaining
ReliabilityinanEvolvingGrid

VoltageSourceConverter
Technology EnablingAdvanced
GridSolutions

CaseStudyExamples:

DynamicVoltageStability

FrequencyStability

RevolutioninEnergySystems TheEvolvingGrid

Conventionalgeneration+T&D(wires)solutionshaveprovidedgridreliability
FutureSolutions?

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RevolutioninEnergySystems TheChangingGrid

CAISOreportedsolarenergyaccountedfornearly40%ofallgridpowerproducedforthe
firsttime

MaintainingReliabilityintheModernPowerSystem
U.S.DepartmentofEnergyReport December2016

Powergenerationandtransmissioncapacitymustbesufficienttomeet
1 peakdemandforelectricity

Powersystemsmusthaveadequateflexibilitytoaddressvariabilityand
2 uncertaintyindemand(load)andgenerationresources

3 Powersystemsmustbeabletomaintainsteadyfrequency

Powersystemsmustbeabletomaintainvoltagewithinanacceptable
4 range

Past:Conventionalpowerplantsdeliveringenergy&ancillaryservices
Today&Future:VSCbasedsolutionsenabletheevolvinggrid

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MaintainingaReliableGrid PowerSystemFlexibility

WorldCup
1990,
Semifinal,
England
versus
Germany,
04.07.1990

Past:Conventionalgeneration&T&Dinfrastructure(wires)
Today&Future:VSCbasedsolutionsprovidingpowerlocally

MaintainingaReliableGrid FrequencyStability

Criticaltimefor
gridstability

Past:Conventionalgenerationprovidingstabilityandreserves
Today&Future:VSCbasedsolutionsenablingrenewables,DER,storage

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MaintainingaReliableGrid VoltageStability

3AC 138 kV

SN = 35 MVA, uk = 10 %

3AC 11kV

LVSC

Conventionalgeneration,T&D,andFlexibleACTransmissionSystem(FACTS)Solutions

Source:BasedonGBfrequencycontrol

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AdvancedVoltageSourceConverter(VSC)Technology
EnablingAlternativeGridSolutions

FlexibleAC STATCOM STATCOM+ESS

Energy
Transmission
DynamicVoltageControl Storage FrequencyStability
Systems

EnablingAlternativeSolutionstoSupplementorReplaceConventionalSolutions

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VoltageSourceConverter(VSC)Technology Enabling
AlternativeGridSolutions
3AC 138 kV
PowerElectronicSwitchesthatconvert
powerofoneformtopowerofanother
form:
SN = 35 MVA, uk = 10 %
ACtoDC,DCtoAC,ACtoAC,andDC
3AC 11kV toDC

BasedonInsulatedgateBipolarTransistor
(IGBT)technology
LVSC
Advancedcontrolsystemsthatenablethem
tomimicconventionalgenerators(voltage
source)

AVR,frequencyresponse,inertia

Whencombinedwithasourceofreal
power(energystorage)canprovidefully
dynamicrealandreactivepower

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VoltageSourceConverter(VSC)Technology Enabling
AlternativeGridSolutions

Reactive FullReal&Reactive
Power(Q) PowerOutputCapability
DynamicStability

TransientStability

VoltageSupport

Real FrequencyRegulation
Power(P)
PowerQuality

PowerFlow
Improvement
OscillationDamping

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VoltageSourceConverter MultilevelTechnology

TwoLevelThreeLevelMultilevel

PowerElectronicDevices
GTO/IGCTIGBT/IGCTIGBTModule

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VoltageSourceConverter MultilevelTechnology

MultilevelConverteronePhaseModel
(StateoftheArt)
+
n x4xIGBTs
Valve
sub-module
-V01AB -VnnAB

-V02AB
ACVoltage

-V03AB -V06AB

-V04AB -V05AB

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VoltageSourceConverterTechnology Applications

Transmission&DistributionUtilities
Improvementindynamicstabilityoftransmission
systems
Fastvoltagecontrol
RenewableGeneration
Gridcodecompliance
Industrial
Flickermitigation
Powerquality
Voltagesagprotection

CaseStudy1:DynamicVoltageControl PJMBasedUtility
Background STATCOM
3 x STATCOM
A PJM based utility required dynamic VAr
compensation to remedy voltage decline for
a double (N-1-1) contingency case with
several generation units in the area retiring

The utility conducted a dynamic

performance study to determine the total
MVAr needed to meet PJMs voltage rebuild
criteria of 0.7pu within 2.5 seconds after the 1 x SVC
fault is clear.

The analysis considered both a centralized

SVC system and a distributed STATCOM
solution.

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DynamicSimulationofCriticalContingency NoDynamic
ReactiveSolution

0.99p 0.99p
u u

0.55p 0.55p
u u
1 x 500 MVAr SVC

1 x 250 MVAr STATCOM

3 x 150 MVAr STATCOM

0.11p 0.11p
u u

Apr2014 ETTSUS

STATCOMversusSVC PerformanceCharacteristic

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DynamicSimulationofCriticalContingency MVArOutput
SVCversusSTATCOM

SVC MVAr Output STATCOM MVAr

400 MVAr Output 400 MVAr

300 MVAr 300 MVAr

200 MVAr 200 MVAr

100 MVAr 100 MVAr

Apr2014 ETTSUS

Page20

Results DistributedSTATCOMSolution

It was shown that the STATCOM

solution could meet these requirements
with less reactive power (MVAr) than a
comparable SVC solution.

The distributed STATCOM solution also

offered additional benefits such as
reliability (reduced probability of losing
all the VAr support at once), space (the
STATCOM is smaller), and performance
(voltage recover, harmonics, etc.)

The utility elected to install three (3) x

+/-125 MVAr SVC Plus STATCOMs at
three different locations as the
best/optimal solution.

Apr2014 ETTSUS

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CaseStudy2:FrequencyStability
InertiainGermany,GreatBritain,ItalyandSpaintodayand2030
Inertia (GWs)
3000
Germany, Great Britain, France, Italy and Spain
2500
2000
year 2015
1500
1000
year 2030
500
0
0 sorted hours per year

Inertia (GWs)
500
Great Britain
400

300 year 2015

200

100 year 2030

0
0 sorted hours per year

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STATCOMwithEnergyStorage
Impactonprimaryreserveandpossiblebenefits

HighrenewableshowcaseforIreland
(AllIsland 2022):
Lowload(~2500MW)
Highshareofrenewables(65%)
~23GWsinertiaonline
Tripof500MWunit

A50MWSVCPLUSFSsolutionhasanequivalent
impactonfrequency asanadditional550MVA
coalpowerplantorapprox.2x200MVAgasunits.

EnergyStoragewithVSCcanreducelevelofmustrununits(requiredforsecureoperationof
thesystem)andreduceprimaryreserve

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STATCOMwith Energy Storage

Impact onprimaryreserveandpossiblebenefits

EnergyStoragewithVSCcanreducelevelofmustrununits(requiredforsecureoperationof
thesystem)andreduceprimaryreserve
*Notconsidered:startupcosts,CAPEXandOPEX.Madeassumptionsareunderrevision.
**0,93kgCO2per1kWhfromcoal,0,55kgCO2per1kWhfromgas

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Summary

TheGridisEvolving

Proliferationofrenewables,DER,newtechnologies
arechangingthetraditionalconstruct

ButtheObjectiveRemainstheSame
MaintainReliability

PeakDemand,Flexibility,Frequency,Voltage

VoltageSourceConverterTechnologyProvides
AlternativetoConventionalSolutions

STATCOM,EnergyStorage

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JoeFox
BusinessDevelopmentManager

EnergyManagementDivision
TransmissionSolutions
LargeTransmissionSolutions
EMTSLTSFACTSS
mailto:joseph.fox@siemens.com

https://www.energy.siemens.com/hq/en/
power-transmission/facts/

https://www.siemens.com/global/en/hom
e/products/energy/high-voltage.html

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