Perhitungan
Sambungan Las
Sambungan Las
- las sudut.
Tegangan:
las =
= 0 ,6
2
a. Las Tumpul:
P s1 s2 P
l
P P
s=a
10 mm
P s1 s2 P
60 mm
4
Penyelesaian:
Flas = l net . a
a = 10 mm
l br = 60 mm
l net = l br 3a = 60 30 = 30 mm = 3 cm
P 3000 kg
= = = 1000 kg/cm 2 < 1400 kg/cm 2
Flas 3 cm x 1 cm
5
Contoh 2
s
= 1400 kg/cm 2
= 0,6 = 840 kg/cm 2
6
Penyelesaian
= M
W las
Wlas = 1
6 al 2
= 1
6 x 0 ,8 x30 2
= 120 cm 3
7
15000 kgcm
= = 125 kg / cm 2
< 1400 kg / cm 2
120 cm 3
dimana:
1
l D.S
1
l
2 = D = P ; S = Sx las
b.I
4
x xl b=a las ; I = Ix las
s S x = ( 1 2 .l.a ) x 1 4 l
Ix = 1
12 b.h 3 dimana:
b=a
h=l
8
Ix = 1
12 a.l 3
Ix = 1
12 x 0 ,8 cm x 3 0cm 3
= 1800 cm 4
P .S x 1000 kg x 90 cm 3
= =
a.I x 0,8cm x 1800 cm 4
= 694,44kg / cm < ok
2
9
b. Las Sudut:
- Arah gaya P // las
bidang retak
1/2P
P P
l
a = tebal las
a = s sin 45o = 0,707s
s/t
s
a
45.00
s
s = tebal plat = panjang kaki las
10
9Las dipasang pada dua bagian
l1
Gaya P akan ditahan
P1
e1 oleh las atas dan bawah
P
e2
b
sebesar P1 dan P2.
P2
l2
e1 = e2 = b
2
e2
P1 = xP= 1 P
e1 + e2 2
e1
P2 = xP= 1 P
e1 + e2 2
11
P1
1 = Fgs1 = a.l1n = 0,707 .s.l1n
F gs 1
P2 Fgs 2 = a.l 2 n = 0,707 .s.l 2 n
2 = l n = lbr 3a
F gs 2
= 0 , 6
dimana:
ln = panjang las neto
lbr = panjang las bruto
a = tebal las
note:
panjang las min (lmin) = 40 mm
panjang las mak (lmak) = 40 a = 28,28 s
12
Contoh 3
Diket: Konst spt gambar.
l1
10/200
Gaya P = 2000 kg; las
P1
e1 dipasang pada dua muka.
b P
e2 = 1400 kg/cm 2 ; = 0,6 = 840 kg/cm 2
P2
l2
Hitung panjang las
Penyelesaian:
s = 10 mm = 1 cm;
a = 0,707s = 0,707 cm
b = 200 mm = 20 cm;
e1 = e2 = b = 10 cm
P1 = P2 = P = 1000 kg;
l1 = l2 = lbr
13
Fgs = ln .a = 0,707cm. ln
1 P 1 P
= 2
F gs = 2
F gs
1000 kg
F gs = 2
= 1,19 cm 2
840 kg cm
14
Contoh 4
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
10/200
75.75.10
y
Gaya P = 2500 kg; las
P1
l1 pada dua muka.
b-e d
b
P x
b
d x = 1400 kg/cm 2
P2 e e
B
l2 e
b
= 0,6 = 840 kg/cm 2
y
Hitung panjang las
Penyelesaian:
Dari tabel profil, utk L 75.75.10 didapat:
b = 75 mm = 7,5 cm;
d = 10 mm = 1 cm
e = 2,21 cm
15
d = 1 cm a = 0,707d
a = 0,707x1cm = 0,707 cm
be = 7,5 cm2,21 cm = 5,29 cm
M B =0
P1 .b P .e = 0
P .e 2500 kg x 2 , 21 cm
P1 = = = 737 kg
b 7 , 5 cm
H = 0
P1 + P2 P = 0
P2 = P P1
P2 = 2500 kg 737 kg = 1763 kg
16
P1
1 = ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm 2
F gs 1
P1 737 kg
F gs 1 = = = 0 ,877 cm 2
840 kg cm 2
17
P2
2 = ambil 2 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2
P2 1763kg
Fgs 2 = = = 2,099 cm 2
840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2 = a.l2 n = 0,707cm.l2 n
2,099cm 2 = 0,707cm.l2 n
2,099cm 2
l2 n = = 2,969cm
0,707cm
l 2 = l2 n + 3a = 2,969cm + (3x 0,707cm)
l2br = 5,09cm ambil 6cm
Resume:
Panjang las atas l1= 4 cm
Panjang las bawah l2= 6 cm
18
Sket gambar sambungan
10/200
10 mm
75.75.10
40 mm
y
las sudut
52,9 mm
200 mm
x
22,1 mm
60 mm las sudut
19
9Las dipasang pada tiga bagian
P3 = F3br .
P1 A l1
e1
P3 = l3n .a.
P3 l3
e2
b P
l3n = e1 + e2 3a = b 3a
P2 B
l2
M B = 0
e1 + e2
P1 (e1 + e2 ) + P3 P.e2 = 0
M A = 0 2
e1 + e2 P1.b + P3 . 1 2 b P. 1 2 b = 0
P2 (e1 + e2 ) + P3 P.e1 = 0
2 P1 = 1
2 P 1 2 P3
P2 .b + P3 . 1 2 b P. 1 2 b = 0
P2 = 1
2 P 1 2 P3
20
Contoh 5
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
10/100
21
Las ujung dipasang sepanjang b
l3br = b = 10 cm
l3n = l3br - 3a
= 10 cm - 3 x 0,707 cm= 7,879 cm
P3 = F3 gs = l3n .a
2
P3 = 7,879cm x 0,707cm x 840 kg cm = 4680kg
e1 = e 2 P1 = P2
H = 0
P1 + P2 + P3 P = 0
P1 + P2 = P P3
P P3
P1 =
2
(10 . 000 4 . 680 ) kg
P1 = = 2 . 660 kg
2
22
P1
1 = ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 1
P1 2 .660 kg
Fgs 1 = = = 3,167 cm 2
840 kg cm 2
Fgs 1 = a.l1n = 0,707 cm .l1n
3,167 cm 2 = 0,707 cm .l1n
3,167 cm 2
l1n = = 4, 479 cm
0,707 cm
l1br = l1n + 3a = 4, 479 cm + (3 x 0,707 cm )
l1br = 6,6 cm 7 cm > l min = 4 cm ok
Resume:
Panjang las l1= l2 = 7 cm
Panjang las l3= 10 cm
23
Contoh 6
10/200
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
75.75.10 Gaya P = 7.500 kg; las
l1
P1 pada tiga muka.
b/2 b-e
P3 l3 b
b/2 e
P = 1400 kg/cm 2
P2 B
l2 = 0,6 = 840 kg/cm 2
Hitung panjang las
Penyelesaian:
24
d = 1 cm a = 0,707d
a = 0,707x1cm = 0,707 cm
be = 7,5 cm2,21 cm = 5,29 cm
Panjang las l3br diambil = b
l3br = b = 7,5 cm
l3n = l3br - 3a
= 7,5 cm - 3 x 0,707 cm= 5,379 cm
P3
3 = ambil 3 = = 840kg cm2
F3n
P3 = F3n 3 = a.l1n 3
P3 = 5,379cm x 0,707cm x 840kg cm2
= 3.195 kg
25
M B = 0
P1 .b + P3 . 1 2 b P .e = 0
P .e P3 . 1 2 b
P1 =
b
7500 kg x 2 , 21 cm 3195 kg x 1 2 x 7 ,5 cm
=
7 ,5 cm
15 . 575 11 . 981 , 25 kgcm
= = 612 ,5 kg
7 ,5 cm
H = 0
P1 + P2 + P3 P = 0
P2 = P P1 P3
P2 = 7 . 500 kg 3 . 195 kg 612 , 5 kg = 3 . 692 , 5 kg
26
P1
1 = ambil 1 = = 840 kg cm 2
F gs 1
P1 612 ,5 kg
F gs 1 = = = 0 , 729 cm 2
840 kg cm 2
F gs 1 = a .l1 n = 0 , 707 cm .l1 n
0 , 729 cm 2 = 0 , 707 cm .l1 n
0 , 729 cm 2
l1 n = = 1, 031 cm
0 , 707 cm
l1br = l1 n + 3 a = 1, 031 cm + ( 3 x 0 , 707 cm )
l1br = 3,152 cm < l min = 4 cm ambil l1br = 4 cm
27
P2
2 = ambil 2 = = 840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2
P2 3 .692 ,5 kg
Fgs 2 = = = 4 , 396 cm 2
840 kg cm 2
Fgs 2 = a .l 2 n = 0 ,707 cm .l 2 n
4 ,396 cm 2 = 0 ,707 cm .l 2 n
4 ,396 cm 2
l2 n = = 6 , 218 cm
0 ,707 cm
l 2 br = l 2 n + 3 a = 6 , 218 cm + (3 x 0 ,707 cm )
l1br = 8,339 cm 9 cm
28
Sket gambar sambungan
1 0 /2 0 0
10 m m
7 5 .7 5 .1 0
40 m m la s s u d u t
5 2 ,9 m m
75 m m 200 m m
2 2 ,1 m m
90 m m la s s u d u t
Resume:
Panjang las l1= 4 cm
l2 = 9 cm
l3= 7,5 cm
29
- Arah gaya P las
bidang retak
l
P
l P 1/2P
s1
s2
67.50
30
las atas a
P D
P s
a 1/2P
las bawah
45.00
N
s
P2
2 =
Fgs 2
Fgs 2 = l2 n .a2
l2 n = l2br 3a2 a2 = 0,707 s2
33
P1
1 =
Ftr1
P2
2 =
Ftr 2
Ftr 2 = l2 n .a2
i1 = 12 + 3 12
i 2 = 2 2 + 3 2 2
34
Contoh 7
Diket: Konst spt gbr.
P
8/100
P1
10/100 Gaya P = 5000 kg;
P2 s2 P
Las sudut selebar plat.
= 1400 kg/cm 2
= 0,6 = 840 kg/cm 2
Kontrol kekuatan las
Penyelesaian:
Tebal plat tidak sama
s1 = 8 mm = 0,8 cm a1 = 0,707 x 0,8 = 0,566 cm
s2 = 10 mm = 1 cm a2 = 0,707 x 1 = 0,707 cm
b = 100 mm = 10 cm l1br = l2br = b = 10 cm
l1n = l1br - 3a1 = 10 3 x 0,566 = 8,302 cm
l2n = l2br - 3a2 = 10 3 x 0,707 = 7,879 cm
35
s1 0,8cm
P1 = .P = x 5 .000 kg = 2 .222 kg
s1 + s1 0,8cm + 1cm
H = 0 P2 = P P1 = 5 .000 kg 2 .222 kg = 2778 kg
Las atas
P1 2.222kg
1 = = 2
= 473 kg cm 2
Fgs1 8,302 x 0,566cm
P1
1 = = 473 kg cm 2
Ftr1
36
Las bawah
P2 2.778kg
2 = = 2
= 499 kg cm 2
Fgs 2 7,879x 0,707cm
P2
2 = = 499 kg cm 2
Ftr 2
37