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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
6) Which of the following statements is/are true about the energy yields from cellular respiration?
A) Cellular respiration is more efficient at harnessing energy from glucose than car engines are at
harnessing energy from gasoline.
B) Cellular respiration converts all of the energy in glucose into high-energy ATP bonds.
C) The heat produced during cellular respiration is only a tiny fraction of the chemical energy available in
a glucose molecule.
D) Cellular respiration converts the kinetic energy of glucose into chemical energy.
E) All of the choices are true.
12) In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is
A) oxygen.
B) water.
C) dehydrogenase.
D) ATP.
E) glucose.
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
14) During cellular respiration, electrons move through a series of electron-carrier molecules. Which of
the following is a true statement about this process?
A) Molecular oxygen is eventually oxidized by the electrons to form water.
B) Electrons move from carriers that have more affinity for them to carriers that have less affinity for them.
C) Electrons release large amounts of energy each time they are transferred from one carrier to another.
D) The carrier molecules are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
E) None of the statements are true.
15) Which one of the following is the correct sequence of stages in cellular respiration?
A) glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the citric acid cycle
B) glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
C) the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis
D) oxidative phosphorylation, the citric acid cycle, and glycolysis
E) oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and the citric acid cycle
16) A drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes.
Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit
A) glycolysis.
B) the citric acid cycle.
C) oxidative phosphorylation.
D) the formation of alcohol.
E) the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
17) During which phase of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?
A) the citric acid cycle
B) "grooming" of pyruvic acid
C) glycolysis
D) oxidative phosphorylation
E) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
18) Which one of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic organisms?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) chemiosmosis
C) glycolysis
D) the citric acid cycle
E) None of the choices are correct.
20) Glycolysis
A) does not occur in bacterial cells.
B) takes place in virtually all cells.
C) does not occur in yeast cells.
D) does not occur in animal cells.
E) does not occur in plant cells.
21) Pyruvate
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
23) During cellular respiration, glucose is converted into two pyruvic acid molecules. These molecules
A) together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule.
B) are oxidized.
C) each lose a carbon atom, which is released as CO 2) ) .
D) are each converted into a two-carbon molecule joined to a coenzyme A molecule.
E) All of the choices are correct.
24) The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except
A) CO2.
B) NADH.
C) pyruvic acid.
D) FADH2.
E) ATP.
25) At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in
A) FADH2
B) CO2.
C) pyruvic acid.
D) ATP.
E) NADH.
27) Rotenone is a poison commonly added to insecticides. Insects exposed to rotenone will die because
A) high levels of fermentation products will build up.
B) water will not be produced and dehydration will occur.
C) anaerobic respiration can't occur.
D) of inadequate ATP production.
E) None of the choices are correct.
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
29) Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?
A) Most of the ATP derived during aerobic respiration results from oxidative phosphorylation.
B) Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from one glucose molecule may yield 32-34 ATP molecules.
C) Less than 50% of the chemical energy available in glucose is converted to ATP energy.
D) Glycolysis and the "grooming" of pyruvate together produce more NADH per glucose molecule than
does the citric acid cycle.
E) Each FADH2 molecule yields 2 ATP molecules and each NADH molecule generates 3 ATP molecules.
30) The energy yield from the complete aerobic breakdown of a single molecule of glucose
A) is less than the yield from anaerobic respiration.
B) increases as the supply of oxygen increases.
C) is always 38 ATP.
D) can vary with the mechanism used to shuttle NADH electrons into the mitochondrion.
E) is equivalent to the yield from alcoholic fermentation.
32) Which of the following processes produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose oxidized?
A) aerobic respiration
B) alcoholic fermentation
C) lactic acid fermentation
D) anaerobic respiration
E) All produce approximately the same amount of ATP per molecule of glucose.
33) Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is at least partly due to
A) the presence of lactic acid produced during fermentation in muscle cells.
B) the large amount of carbon dioxide that builds up in the muscle.
C) the accumulation of alcohol from anaerobic respiration.
D) an excess of ATP that builds up during vigorous exercise.
E) None of the choices are correct.
35) When proteins are used as a source of energy for the body, the proteins
A) are hydrolyzed to fatty acids and converted to acetyl CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle.
B) are converted mainly into intermediates of glycolysis or the citric acid cycle.
C) are hydrolyzed to glycerols and then converted to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which is fed into
glycolysis.
D) are hydrolyzed to their constituent amino acids; electrons are stripped from the amino acids and
passed to the electron transport chain.
E) are converted into glucose molecules, which are fed into glycolysis.
36) When a fatty acid is used for aerobic respiration, it first hydrolyzes fats to
A) glycerol and fatty acids.
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
37) The conversion of CO2 and H2O into organic compounds using energy from light is called
A) photorespiration.
B) glycolysis.
C) photosynthesis.
D) fermentation.
E) cellular respiration.
41) Photoautotrophs
A) produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules.
B) make sugar by using organic raw materials.
C) include only the green plants.
D) eat other organisms that use light energy to make food molecules.
E) None of the choices are correct.
44) Producers
A) sustain themselves without eating.
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
46) The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from
B) chlorophyll.
C) carbon dioxide.
D) water.
E) None of the choices are correct.
47) In the chloroplast, sugars are made in a compartment that is filled with a thick fluid called the
A) matrix.
B) mesophyll.
C) stomata.
D) thylakoid.
E) stroma.
49) Which of the following is true concerning the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis and cellular
respiration?
A) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is oxidized to form sugar while in respiration, sugar is reduced to
form carbon dioxide.
B) Photosynthesis involves only oxidations while respiration involves only reductions.
C) Photosynthesis involves only reductions while respiration involves only oxidations.
D) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced to form sugar while in respiration, sugar is oxidized to
form carbon dioxide.
E) None of the choices are true.
50) What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis?
A) ATP
B) light
C) cellular respiration
D) electromagnetism
E) None of the choices are correct.
51) The light reactions occur in the _____ while the Calvin cycle occurs in the ______
A) stroma . . . thylakoid membranes
B) cytoplasm . . . stroma
C) thylakoid membranes . . . stroma
D) cytoplasm . . . thylakoid membrane
E) stroma . . . nucleus
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
52) Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
A) ADP, NADP+, O2
B) glucose, ADP, NAD+
C) ATP, NADPH, CO2
D) glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2
E) ATP, NADPH, O2
53) Which of the following are produced during the Calvin cycle?
A) glucose, ADP, NADP+
B) ATP, NADPH, O2
C) ATP, NADPH, CO2
D) glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2
E) ADP, NADP+ , O2
58) Of the following wavelengths of light, which would you expect to be least absorbed by chlorophyll a?
A) blue
B) yellow
C) green
D) red
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
A) absorb electrons.
B) do not absorb photons.
C) pass energy to the reaction center.
D) are found in the roots of plants.
E) break down H2O.
61) In a photosystem, clusters of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid pigments function most like
A) an electrical generator.
B) a propeller on a motorboat.
C) a windmill.
D) an antenna.
E) a spring.
62) As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions,
A) NADPH is reduced to NADP+
B) NADP+is oxidized to NADPH.
C) water is formed.
D) NADPH is oxidized to NADP+
E) NADP+ is reduced to NADPH.
63) The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem I are replaced by electrons from
A) ATP.
B) CO2
C) H2O
D) the top of the electron transport chain.
E) the bottom of the electron transport chain.
65) Mitochondria transfer ___ energy from ___ to ATP; chloroplasts transform ___ energy into the
chemical energy of ATP.
A) food . . . light . . . chemical
B) food . . . light . . . nuclear
C) chemical . . . food . . . light
D) nuclear . . . light . . . food
E) light . . . food . . . kinetic
68) The ultimate source of all the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe is
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Biol 101 Exam 3: Energy, Photosynthesis & Respiration Fall 2006
A) photosynthesis.
B) anaerobic metabolism.
C) chemiosmosis.
D) glycolysis.
E) cellular respiration.
69) The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem II are replaced by electrons from
A) CO2
B) NADPH.
C) photosystem I.
D) H2O.
E) ATP.
70) Photosystem II
A) does not have a reaction center.
B) is reduced by NADPH.
C) passes electrons to photosystem I.
D) has P700 at its reaction center.
E) All of the choices are correct.
72) In photophosphorylation, energy from electron flow is used to transport ______ from the ______to the
thylakoid compartment, generating a concentration gradient of __________.
A) H+. . . grana . . . electrons
B) electrons . . . stroma . . . H+
C) H+. . . stroma . . . ATP
D) H+ to power of ((+) ) . . . stroma . . . H+
E) electrons . . . grana . . . H+
74) What is the main advantage of the C4 and CAM photosynthesis strategies over the C3 strategy?
A) They allow the plant to avoid photorespiration by producing a four-carbon sugar in place of glucose.
B) They make it possible for the plant to use the Calvin cycle at night and during the day.
C) They allow the plant to fix carbon more efficiently under conditions of low atmospheric CO 2
D) They help the plant conserve water and synthesize glucose efficiently under hot, dry conditions.
E) They allow the plant to fix carbon more efficiently in dim or cool conditions.
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