Homework 2

Table frequency distribution of body fat greater or equal to 25% in participants

characteristics.
Characteristics Body fat Body fat Total
25 % <25 %
n % n % n %
Age 55 Yes 25 43.90% 32 56.10% 57 100.00%
years No 41 21.00% 154 79.00% 195 100.00%
Weight 200 Yes 33 58.90% 23 41.10% 56 100.00%
lbs. No 33 16.80% 163 83.20% 196 100.00%
Neck Yes 33 57.90% 24 42.10% 57 100.00%
circumference No 33 16.90% 162 83.10% 195 100.00%
40 cm
Abdomen Yes 43 72.90% 16 27.10% 59 100.00%
circumference No 23 11.90% 170 88.10% 193 100.00%
100 cm
Hip Yes 38 55.90% 30 44.10% 68 100.00%
circumference No 28 15.20% 156 84.80% 184 100.00%
103 cm
Thigh Yes 45 41.70% 63 58.30% 108 100.00%
circumference No 21 14.60% 123 85.40% 144 100.00%
60 cm
Forearm Yes 27 40.30% 40 59.70% 67 100.00%
circumference No 39 21.10% 146 78.90% 185 100.00%
30 cm
Wrist Yes 50 32.10% 106 67.90% 156 100.00%
circumference No 16 16.70% 80 83.30% 96 100.00%
18 cm

Description:
Out of the 57 who aged 55 years old, 43.90% of them had body fat25%. Out of
56 participants with weight 200 lbs., 58.90% of them had body fat 25%. Then
out of 57 participants with neck circumference 40 cm, 57.90% of them had body
fat 25%. Out of 59 participants with abdomen circumference 100 cm, 72.90% of
them had body fat 25%. Out of 68 participants with hip circumference 103 cm,
55.90% of them had body fat 25%. Out of 108 participants with thigh
circumference 60 cm, 41.70% of them had body fat 25%. Out of 67 participants
with forearm circumference 30 cm, 40.30% of them had body fat 25%. Out of
156 participants with wrist circumference 18 cm, 32.10% of them had body fat
25%.
Table Univariate Odds Ratios (ORs) and Multivariate ORs of body fat greater or
equal to 25% in participants characteristics
Characteristics Univariate 95% CI P-value Multivariate 95% P-value
ORs ORs CI
Age 55 years 2.93 1.57 - 0.001 8.09 2.97 - <0.0001
5.49 22.06
Weight 200 7.09 3.70 - <0.0001 0.40 0.08 - 0.261
lbs. 13.59 1.96
Neck 6.75 3.54 - <0.0001 3.72 1.24 - 0.019
circumference 12.87 11.14
40 cm
Abdomen 19.86 9.67 - <0.0001 20.92 5.77 - <0.0001
circumference 40.83 75.92
100 cm
Hip 7.06 3.78 - <0.0001 1.90 0.48 - 0.360
circumference 13.19 7.53
103 cm
Thigh 4.18 2.30 - <0.0001 2.57 0.87 - 0.087
circumference 7.63 7.56
60 cm
Forearm 2.53 1.38 - 0.003 0.66 0.23 - 0.452
circumference 4.62 1.94
30 cm
Wrist 2.36 1.25 - 0.008 0.33 0.12 - 0.032
circumference 4.44 0.91
18 cm
Multivariate ORs was adjusted for all participants characteristics

Description:
Participants who had age 55 years old significantly were 2.93 times more likely
to have body fat 25% compared to those who had age <55 years old (95% CI=
1.57-5.49, P-value=0.001). However, after adjusting for covariates the OR became
higher; 8.09 times more likely to had body fat 25% (95% CI= 2.97-22.06, P-value
<0.0001).
Participants with weight 200 lbs. were 7.09 times more likely to have body fat
25% compared to those with weight <200 lbs. (95% CI=3.70-13.59, P-
value<0.0001). After adjusting for covariates OR became insignificant statistically
(95% CI=0.08-1.96, P-value=0.261).
Participants with neck circumference 40 cm were 6.75 times more likely to have
body fat 25% compared to those with neck circumference <40 cm (95% CI=3.54
- 12.87, P-value<0.0001) and after adjusting for covariates the OR decreased; 3.72
times more likely to have diet 25% compared to those with neck circumference
<40 cm (95% CI=1.24 - 11.14, P-value=0.019).
Participants with abdomen circumference 100 cm were 19.86 times more likely
to have body fat 25% compared to those with abdomen circumference <100 cm
(95% CI=9.67 - 40.83, P-value<0.0001) and after adjusting for covariates the OR
became higher; 20.92 times more likely to have body fat 25% compared to those
with abdomen circumference <100 cm (95% CI=5.77 - 75.92, P-value<0.0001)
Participants with hip circumference 103 cm were 7.06 times more likely to have
body fat 25% compared to those with hip circumference <103 cm (95% CI=3.78 -
13.19, P-value<0.0001) and after adjusting for covariates the OR became not
significant (95% CI=0.48 - 7.53, P-value=0.360)
Meanwhile participants with thigh circumference 60 cm were 4.18 times more
likely to have body fat 25% compared to those with thigh circumference <60 cm
(95% OR=2.30 - 7.63, P-value<0.0001). However, after adjusting for covariates,
the OR in those with thigh circumference 60 cm became insignificant (95%
OR=0.87 - 7.56, P-value=0.087)
Participants with forearm circumference 30 cm were 2.53 times more likely to
have body fat 25% compared to those with forearm circumference <30 cm (95%
CI=1.38 - 4.62, P-value=0.003) and after adjusting for covariates, the OR became
insignificant (95% CI=0.23 - 1.94, P-value=0.452).
Participants with wrist circumference 18 cm were 2.36 times more likely to have
body fat 25% compared to those with wrist circumference <18 cm (95% CI=1.25
- 4.44, P-value=0.008). However, after adjusting for covariates, those with wrist
circumference 18 cm became a protective factor; 0.33 times more likely to have
body fat 25% compared to those with wrist circumference <18 cm (95% CI=0.12
- 0.91, P-value=0.032)