Written by :
Anggun Nurhalida
C. 14201.09.039
A. Introduction
Blood is the fluid found in all living things (except plants). It has
function to send a high-level substances and oxygen needed by body tissues.
abnormalities in the human circulatory system can occur due to congenital,
example is hemophilia. Hemophilia is blood disorders difficult to freeze
because of heredity / decrease.
B. Meaning
Hemophilia is a blood clotting disorder effect of blood clotting factor
caused by cromosomal damage X. Blood in haemophiliacs can not be frozen
by themselves normally. Blood clotting process is running very slow nothing
like those with normal blood. Normally there are 13 blood clotting factors,
people with haemophilia lack a factor of VIII and XI.
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder usually inherited of the mechanism
of blood clotting. Depending on the degree of the disorder present in an
individual, excess bleeding may occur only after specific, predictable events
(such as surgery, dental procedures, or injury), or occur spontaneously, with
no known initiating event.
C. Causes
Hemophilia is caused by an X-linked recessive disorder involving a
lack of genetic factors VIII and XI functional clotting of blood.
D. Sign / Symptom
1. Signs and symptoms of spontaneous bleeding may include :
a. Large or deep bruises
b. Joint pain and swelling caused by internal bleeding
c. Unexplained and excessive bleeding or bruising
d. Blood in your urine or stool
e. Prolonged bleeding from cuts or injuries or after surgery or tooth
extraction
f. Nose bleeds without a known cause
g. Tightness in your joints
h. In infants, unexplained irritability
i. Unusual bleeding after immunizations
2. Emergency signs and symptoms of hemophilia may include :
a. Sudden pain, swelling, and warmth of large joints, such as knees,
elbows, hips and shoulders, and of the muscles of your arms and
legs.
b. Bleeding from an injury, especially if you have a severe form of
hemophilia
c. Painful, lasting headache
d. Repeated vomiting
e. Extreme fatigue
f. Neck pain
g. Double vision
E. Treatment
a. Desmopressin
b. Antifibrinolytic Medicines
c. Gene Therapy
Researchers are trying to find ways to correct the faulty genes that
cause hemophilia. Gene therapy hasn't yet developed to the point that
it's an accepted treatment for hemophilia. However, researchers
continue to test gene therapy in clinical trials.
d. Treatment of a Specific Bleeding Site
Pain medicines, steroids, and physical therapy may be used to
reduce pain and swelling in an affected joint. Talk with your doctor or
pharmacist about which medicines are safe for you to take.
F. Closing