Problems: CAP 1.

1.1. (Problem 1.1 - Bowley)

Rewrite the van der Waals equation in the form = (, ).

1.2. (Problem 1.3 - Bowley)

Which of the following is an exact differential:

(i). = (10 + 6) + 6,
(ii). = (3 2 + 4) + (2 + 2 ),
(iii). = 4 1 + ?

1.3. (Problem 1-5: Bowley)

Differentiate
2
= 2
2
to get an expression for dx= + . Now divide by . Is the resulting
equation an exact differential?

1.4. (Problem 1.7 : Bowley)

Suppose the pressure of a gas equals for an adiabatic change. Obtain an

expression for the work done in a reversible adiabatic change between volumes 1
and 2.

1.5. (Problem 1.9: Bowley)

A system consists of a gas inside a cylinder as shown in fig. 1.3. Inside the
cylinder there is a 10 resistor connected to an electrical circuit through which
a current can pass. A mass of 0.1 kg is placed on the piston which drops by 0.2
m and comes to rest. A current of 0.1 A is passed through the 10 resistor for 2
 s. What is the change in the internal energy of the system when it has reached
equilibrium?

1.6. ( Problem 1.5 Reif-Berkeley) variation of gas pressure with the volume

A recipient is divided by a partition into two equal parts. One part has volume
and is filled with a diluted gas and the other part is empty. The partition is removed
and the final equilibrium situation is obtained; where the density of molecules is
uniform throughout the entire recipient and all volume is occupied.
a) How has the total energy of the gas changed? Use the answer and
compare the mean energy per molecule and the velocity of a molecule in
the situations of equilibrium before and after that the partition is removed.
b) What is the ratio between the pressures made by the gas before and after
that the partition is removed?.

1.7. (Problem 1.11 Reif- Berkeley) Pressure of a gases mix.

Take an ideal gas composed by two kinds of atoms. To be clear, suppose there
are by volume unity, atoms n1 with mass m1, and atoms n2 with mass m2. It is
supposed that the gas is in equilibrium, so that energy mean per atom, is the
same for both kinds of atoms. Find approximately, a relation for mean pressure
exerted by the gases mix. Express the results as a function of .

1.8. (Problem 1.12 Reif- berkeley) Mixture of two gases

Consider a recipient divided in two equal parts by a partition. One part contains 1
mole of Helium gas (He) and the other one 1 mole of Argon gas (Ar). Energy can
pass through the partition from one gas to the other. After a long enough time, the
gases will achieve equilibrium with each other. The mean pressure of the Helium
gas is 1 and the one of Argon gas is 2 .
a). Compare the pressures 1 and 2 of both gases.
b) What will happen when the partition is removed? Describe the project as it
would appear on a movie projected backwards. Is it reversible or irreversible?
c) What is the mean pressure exerted by the gas in the final situation of
equilibrium.
1.9. (Problem 2.10 Reif)
The mean pressure of a thermally insulated amount of gas varies with its volume
V according to the relation = , where and K are constants . Find the work
done by this gas in a quasistatic process from a macrostate ( , ) to a
macrostate ( , ). Express your answer in terms of ( , , and ).

1.10. (Problem 2.11 Berkeley)

In a quasi-static process (see diagram) in which no heat is exchanged with

the environment, the mean pressure of a certain amount of gas in found to
change with its volume V according to the relation

= 53

Where is a constant. Find the quasi-static work done and the not heat absorbed
by this system in each of the following three processes, all of which take the
system from microstate A to macrostate B.

a) The system is expanded from its original to its final volume, heat being
added to maintain the pressure constant. The volumen is then kept
constant, and heat is extracted to reduce the pressure to 106 dynes cm3 .
b) The volume is increased and heat is supplied to cause the pressure to
decrease linearly with the volume.
c) The two steps os process (a) are performed in the opposite order.
 PROBLEMA ASIGNADO NOMBRE
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
Quedan tres estudiantes que se les
asignarn en otro captulo.