GENERAL DATA
DUCT MATERIAL : G. I. Sheet
ROUGHNESS COEF. : 0.93
ALTITUDE : 348.048 Meters
ALTITUDE COEF. : 0.000
AIR DENSITY : 1.09 Kg/m3
DUCTS PRESSURE LOSSES BOARD
SECTION Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
FLOW cfm 100 200 400
FLOW m/h 170 340 680
LENGTH m 1.50 1.10 5.00
DIAM. mm 164.0 218.6 273.3
DIAM. EQUIV. 164.0 218.6 273.3
WIDTH mm 150 200 250
HEIGHT mm 150 200 250
AREA m 0.02 0.04 0.06
VELOCITY m/s 2.24 2.52 3.22
PD per Meter Pa 0.52 0.45 0.54
PD x LENGTH Pa 0.77 0.49 2.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
FITTINGS Co 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
ELBOW 30 0.07
ELBOW 45 0.09
ELBOW 90 0.15 1 1
TEE 45 0.3
TEE 90 1
END TEE 1.5
BRANCH TEE 0.05
TRANSITION 0.22
CONTRACTION 0.05
0.04
TOTAL Co 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
DUCTS PD Pa 0.41 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
PRESSURE DROP Pa 1.18 1.01 2.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 11 12 13 14 15 TOTAL
7.6 ml
10 11 12 13 14 15 TOTAL
0.02 W.g
STATIC PRESSURE AT 100% 5 Pa
FLOW AT 100% 680 m/h
* DUCTS PRESSURE DROP : 5 Pa
* FITTING PRESSURE DROP : 0 Pa
0.02 W.g
STATIC PRESSURE AT 110% 5 Pa
FLOW AT 110% 748 m/h
* DUCTS PRESSURE DROP : 5 Pa
* FITTING PRESSURE DROP : 0 Pa
0.02 W.g
STATIC PRESSURE AT 120% 6 Pa
FLOW AT 110% 816 m/h
* DUCTS PRESSURE DROP : 6 Pa
* FITTING PRESSURE DROP : 0 Pa
Duct Roughness Factors
Duct Material
Fibrous glass duct liner, air side spray coated (Swim 1978)
(0.015 ft) (4.5 mm)
Flexible duct, metallic when fully extended
(0.004 to 0.007 ft) (1.2 mm to 2.1 mm)
Concrete (Moody 1944)
(0.001 to 0.01 ft) (0.3 to 3 mm)
References:
SMACNA, HVAC systems duct design 1990 3rd edition
ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals 2009
Duct Roughness Factors
Absolute Roughness ,
Roughness Category
ft mm
Rough 0.01 3
WEIGHT GAGE (THICKNESS) WEIGHT PER SHEET (lb)
(lb/sq ft) (in) 36 x 96 48 x 96 48 x 112
GALVANIZED STEEL, U.S. GAGE
0.906 26 ga. 0.022 21.8 29.0 36.2
1.156 24 ga. 0.028 27.7 37.0 46.2
1.406 22 ga. 0.034 33.8 45.0 56.2
1.656 20 ga. 0.04 39.7 53.0 66.2
2.156 18 ga. 0.052 51.6 70.0 86.2
2.656 16 ga. 0.064 63.6 85.0 102.2
3.281 14 ga. 0.08 78.8 105.0 131.2
HOT ROLLED STEEL, U.S. GAGE
0.75 26 ga. 0.0179 18.0 24.0 30.0
1.000 24 ga. 0.0239 24.0 32.0 40.0
1.250 22 ga. 0.0299 30.0 40.0 50.0
1.500 20 ga. 0.0359 36.0 48.0 60.0
2.000 18 ga. 0.0478 48.0 64.0 80.0
2.500 16 ga. 0.0596 60.0 80.0 100.0
3.125 14 ga. 0.0747 78.0 104.0 130.0
5.625 10 ga. 0.1345 135.0 180.0 225.0
ALUMINUM, B & S GAGE (3S)
0.288 24 ga. 0.02 6.9 9.2 11.5
0.355 22 ga. 0.025 8.6 11.3 14.2
0.456 20 ga. 0.032 11.0 14.6 18.2
0.575 18 ga. 0.04 13.8 18.4 23.0
0.724 16 ga. 0.051 17.4 23.2 29.0
0.914 14 ga. 0.064 22.0 29.2 36.6
1.03 12 ga. 0.071 24.7 33.0 41.3
STAINLESS STEEL, U.S. GAGE (302)
0.66 28 ga. 0.016 15.8 21.1 26.4
0.79 26 ga. 0.019 18.9 25.2 31.6
1.05 24 ga. 0.025 25.2 33.6 42.0
1.31 22 ga. 0.031 31.5 42.0 52.5
1.58 20 ga. 0.038 37.8 50.4 63.0
2.10 18 ga. 0.05 50.4 61.2 84.0
2.63 16 ga. 0.063 63.0 84.0 105.0
3.28 14 ga. 0.078 78.7 104.9 131.2
COPPER, OZ/SQ FT
1.00 16 oz. 0.0216 24.0 32.0 40.0
1.25 20 oz. 0.027 30.0 40.0 50.0
1.50 24 oz. 0.0323 36.0 48.0 64.0
2.00 32 oz. 0.0432 48.0 64.0 80.0
2.25 36 oz. 0.0486 54.0 72.0 90.0
2.50 40 oz. 0.054 60.0 80.0 100.0
Data obtained from CARRIER (1974), system design manual, part 2: Air Distribution, table 18 page 2-63
Galvanised Sheet Thickness
Thickness, mm Nominal Mass
Gauge
Nominal Minimum kg/m2
30 0.399 0.319 3.20
28 0.475 0.395 3.81
26 0.551 0.471 4.42
24 0.701 0.601 5.64
22 0.853 0.753 6.86
20 1.006 0.906 8.08
18 1.311 1.181 10.52
16 1.613 1.463 12.96
14 1.994 1.784 16.01
13 2.372 2.162 19.07
12 2.753 2.523 22.12
11 3.132 2.902 25.16
10 3.510 3.280 28.21
Notes:
1. Minimum thickness is based on thickness tolerances of hot-dip galvanised sheets in cut length and coils (per ASTM
standard A525-80). Tolerance is valid for 1220 and 1520-mm wide sheets.
2. Galvanised sheet gauge is used for convenience. A metric series would conform to ANSI Standard B32.3, and the
tolerances in ASTM Standard A5225M apply.
2. Table is based on 1220-mm width coil and sheet stock. 1520-mm coil has same tolerance, except that 16 gauge is +/- 0.18-
mm in hot-rolled coils and sheets
3. Manufacturer's standard gauge is used for convenience. A metric series would conform to ANSI Standard B32.3, and the
tolerances in ASTM Standard A568M apply