4. xxR sx 2 y 2 dA, 14 17 |||| Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given
where R x, y 1 x 2 y 2 9, y 0 solid.
5. xxR sinx 2 y 2 dA, 14. Under the cone z sx 2 y 2 and above the ring
where R is the annular region 1 x 2 y 2 16 4 x 2 y 2 25
15. Under the plane 6x 4y z 12 and above the disk with
6. xxD 1sx 2 y 2 dA, where D is the region that lies inside the
boundary circle x 2 y 2 y
cardioid r 1 sin and outside the circle r 1
16. Inside the sphere x 2 y 2 z 2 4a 2 and outside the cylinder
7. xxD sx 2 y 2 dA,where D is the region bounded by the x 2 y 2 2ax
cardioid r 1 cos
17. A sphere of radius a
1
8. yy
Answers
1. 0 10. 3
2
2. 9 1 1 11. 4
2
12.
3. 609
8
13. 2
4. 26
3
14. 78
5. (cos 1 cos 16)
15. 5
2
6. 2 3+4
3
5 16. 16a 9
7. 3
17. 4 3
3
a
8.
2
1 1
17 2
18. 94
5
9. 24
SECTION 16.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES 3
Solutions
2 2 2 1 r=2 2
1. The region R can be described in polar coordinates as 9. 0
r2 r dr d = 0 4
r4 r=
d = 14 0 154 d
R = {(r, ) | 0 2, 0 r 5}. Thus, 5 2
2 5 = 3
4
0 = 34 32 5 = 245
R
x dA = 0 0 (r cos ) r dr d
2 5 2 10. By symmetry,
= 0 cos d r dr
0 /2 1sin /2 r=1 sin
1 3 5 A = 2 /2 0 r dr d = /2 r2 r=0 d
= [sin ]2 r 0=0
0 3 /2
= /2 1 2 sin + sin2 d
/4 3 /2
2. R
y dA = 0
(r sin ) r dr d
0
= /2 1 + 12 (1 cos 2) d
/2
/4 3 2
= 0 sin d 0
r dr = /2 32 12 cos 2 d
since 2 sin is an odd function. But
2
1 (9) = 9 1 1
= 3
2 2
2
12 cos 2 is an even function, so
/2 /2
/2 5 A = 0 (3 cos 2) d = 3 12 sin 2 0 = 3
2
.
3. R
xy dA = 0
(r cos ) (r sin ) r dr d
2
/2 5
= 0 sin cos d 2 r3 dr 11. By symmetry, the two loops of the lemniscate are equal in
/2 1 4 5 area, so
= 12 sin2 0 4
r 2 /4 2cos 2 /4 r=2cos 2
1 54 24 609
A = 2 /4 0 r dr d = /4 r2 r=0 d
= 2
4
= 8 /4 /4
= /4 4 cos 2 d = 8 0 cos 2 d
3
4. x2 + y 2 dA = 0 1 r2 r dr d
R
= 4 sin 2]/4
0 =4
3 2 3
= 0 d 1
r dr = []0 13 r3 1 = 271
3
= 26
3
12. 3 cos = 1 + cos implies cos = 12 , so =
3
. Then by
symmetry
2 4 4 /3 3 cos /3 1 2 3 cos
5. 0 1
r sin r2 dr d = 2 12 cos r2 1 A=2 0 r dr d = 2 0 r 1+cos d
1+cos 2
= (cos 1 cos 16) /3
= 0 9 cos2 1 2 cos cos2 d
/3 1
= 0 8 2 (1 + cos 2) 2 cos 1 d
6. The circle r = 1 intersects the cardioid r = 1 + sin when
1 = 1 + sin = 0 or = , so = [4 + 2 sin 2 2 sin ]/3
0 =
1 1+sin 1
D
dA = 0 1
r dr d
x2 + y 2 r 13.
= 0 [r]1+sin
1
d = 0 sin d
= [ cos ]0 = 2
2 1+cos 2
7. 0 0
r2 dr d = 0 13 (1 + cos )3 d
2
= 13 0 cos3 + 3 cos2 + 3 cos + 1 d
1 5 C is the point r = 1, = 1 rad; the arrow indicates the
= 3
(0 + 3 + 0 + 2) = 3
direction of increasing . B is the point r = 3,
= 13 rad. The region, as a type I polar region, is
1
8. dA {(r, ) | 1 r 3, 0 1/r}, so by Formula 3, we
D (1 + x2 + y 2 )3/2 3 1/r 3
/2 4 have A = 1 0
r d dr = 1 1 dr = 2.
1
= r dr d
0 0 (1 + r2 )3/2
14. V = 4x2 +y2 25
x2 + y 2 dA
/2 4 2 3/2
= 0 d 0
r 1 + r dr 2 5 53 23
= r2 dr d = 2
/2 1/2
4 0 2 3
= []0 1 + r2 = 2 1 1
17 = 234
= 78
0 3
4 SECTION 16.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES
16. Thus
32 3
V = 3
a 163
a3 4
3
= 16 3
3
a + 64 3
9
a
= 16a3 3+4
9
17. V = 2 a2 x2 y 2 dA
x2 +y2 a2
2 a
= 2 0 0 a2 r2 r dr d
3/2
a
x2 + y 2 = 2ax implies (x a)2 + y 2 = a2 is the equation = 4
3
a2 r2 = 4
3
a3
0