40 Chapter 6 Applications of Integration

Review Exercises for Chapter 6

1. A   5

1
1
x2
dx  
1
x  
5

1

4
5
3. A   1

1
1
x2  1
dx

 
y 1
 arctan x
1
1 (1, 1)
  

4
 
4

2  
1
5,,
25 y
x
2 3 4 (5, 0)
(1, 0)
2

1
1 1
1,, 1,
2 2

x
1 (1, 0) 1 (1, 0)

5. A  2  0
1
x  x 3 dx 7. A   0
2
e 2  e x dx

 12 x   
1 2
1
2 2  x4  xe 2  e x
4 0 0

1  e2  1

2
y
y (0, e 2)
(2, e 2)
6
1
(1, 1) 4

x (0, 1)
1 (0, 0) 1
x
1 1 2 3
1
( 1, 1)

9. A   5
4


4
sin x  cos x dx 11. A   0
8
3  8x  x 2  x 2  8x  3 dx


 cos x  sin x 
5
4


4
 0
8
16x  2x 2 dx

 12  12   12  12  
8
2 512
  8x 2  x 3   170.667
3 0 3
4 20
  2 2 (8, 3)
2
(0, 3)
4 10

16
 Review Exercises for Chapter 6 41

13. y   1  x 
2 2

A  0
1
1  x  dx
2

1
(0, 1)


(1, 0)
1
 1  2x 1
2  x dx 1

 
1
4 1 1
 x  x3
2  x 2   0.1667
3 2 0 6

15. x  y 2  2y x  1   y  12 y  1 x  1
y

 
3
0 0
A  1  x  1    1  x  1  dx  2 x  1 dx
1 1 (0, 2)

A  0
2
0   y 2  2y dy  
0
2


1
2y  y 2 dy  y 2  y 3
3 
2

0

4
3
2 1
1

(0, 0)
2
x

  2

 dx  
3 y
x
17. A  1 1 1  x  2 dx
0 2 2 3

   0
2
x
2
dx 
2
3
3  x dx 2

(0, 1) (3, 1)
x
y1 x  2  2y
2 (2, 0)
x
y  x  2 x  y  2, y  1 1 3

A  0
1
 y  2  2  2y dy

  0
1
3y dy   32 y  2
1

0

3
2

19. Job 1 is better. The salary for Job 1 is greater than the salary for Job 2 for all the years except the first and 10th years.

21. (a) Disk (b) Shell

V  4

0
x 2 dx   3x 
3 4

0

64
3
V  2 
4

0
x 2 dx   23 x  3
4

0

128
3
y y

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

x x
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

CONTINUED
42 Chapter 6 Applications of Integration

21. CONTINUED

(c) Shell (d) Shell

V  2 0
4
4  xx dx V  2  0
4
6  xx dx

 2 0
4
4x  x 2 dx  2  0
4
6x  x 2 dx

64 160
   
4 4
x3 1
 2 2x 2    2 3x 2  x 3 
3 0 3 3 0 3
y y

4 5

4
3
3

2 2

1
1
x
x 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 1

23. (a) Shell (b) Disk

V  4 0
4
x  3
4
16  x 2 dx V  2  0
4
3
4
16  x 2 
2
dx

9
  212316  x    
4 4
x3
 3  2 3
2
 64  16x   48
0 8 3 0

y y

4 4

2 2
1 1
x x
3 2 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 3

2 2

4 4

25. Shell y

V  2  0
1
x
x4  1
dx 1

 
0
1
2x
x 2 2  1
dx
x

 
1 1
  arctan x  2
0

 4  0  4
2

 Review Exercises for Chapter 6 43

27. Shell y

3
u  x  2
2

x u2 2 1

x
dx  2u du 1 2 3 4 5 6
1

V  2  2
6

1  x  2
x
dx  4 0
2
u 2  2u
1u
du
2

 4  0
2
u 3  2u
1u
du  4  2

0
u2  u  3 
3
1u
du 
4
3 u 
2
1 1
 4 3
 u 2  3u  3 ln 1  u  20  9 ln 3  42.359
2 0 3

29. Since y 0, A    0

1
x x  1 dx. 31. From Exercise 23(a) we have: V  64 ft 3

1
ux1 V  16
4


xu1 y0
16
Disk:  9  y 2 dy  16
dx  du 3 9

A  0
1
u  1 u du    0
1
u 3
2  u 1
2 du
1
9  3
y0
9  y 2 dy  1
y0

  9y  31 y 
1
2 5
2 2 3
2 4 3 9
 u  u  3
5 3 0 15
y
9y 0
1

 y03  27  9  9
3

1
x y03  27y0  27  0
By Newtons Method, y0  1.042 and the depth of the

1 gasoline is 3  1.042  1.958 ft.

33.
4
f x  x 5
4
5
35. y  300 cosh 2000
x
  280, 2000 x 2000
f x  x 1
4
y 
3
20
sinh 
x
2000 
1   f x 2  1  x

u  1  x s 2000

2000
1   203 sinh 2000
x

2
dx

x  u  1 2
dx  2u  1 du

1
20 2000

2000
400  9 sinh 2000
x
 dx 2

s  4

0
1  x dx  2  3

1
u u  1 du
 4018.2 ft (by Simpsons Rule or graphing utility)

2  3

1
u 3
2  u 1
2 du

 25 u   
3 3
2 4 3
2
2 5
2
 u 3
2  u 3u  5
3 1 15 1

8

15
 1  6 3   6.076
44 Chapter 6 Applications of Integration

3
37. y  x 39. F  kx
4
4  k1
3
y 
4 F  4x

1   y  2 
25
16 W 0
5
4x dx  2x 2  
5

S  2  0
4
3
4
x  25
16
dx  
15
8 2
x2 4
0
 15  50 in  lb  4.167 ft  lb
y

4
(4, 3)
3

x
1 2 3 4

13 y
2
41. Volume of disk:  43. Weight of section of chain: 5 x

Distance moved: 10  x
 13 y
2


Weight of disk: 62.4 10

 
10
5
W5 10  x dx   10  x 2
2 0
Distance: 175  y 0

W
62.4
9 
0
150
175  y dy 
62.4
9 
175y 
y2
2 
150

0
 250 ft  lb

 104,000 ft  lb  163.4 ft  ton

45. W   a
b
Fx dx

80   0
4
ax 2dx 
ax 3
3 
4

0

64
3
a

380 15
a   3.75
64 4

47. A  
0
a
a  x  2 dx  
0
a
4 1

a  2 a x 1
2  x dx  ax  a x 3
2  x 2
3 2 
a

0

a2
6
1 6

A a2

x
6
a2  a

0
x  a  x  2 dx 
6
a2 
0
a
ax  2 a x 3
2  x 2 dx y

a6  12 
a
y 2  a  x  4 dx a
0

 a ( x, y )
3
 a 2  4a 3
2x 1
2  6ax  4a 1
2x 3
2  x 2 dx
a2 0 x
a
a

3 2
a2  8 8 1
a x  a 3
2x 3
2  3ax 2  a 1
2x 5
2  x 3
3 5 3  0

a
5

 x, y   a5 , 5a
 Review Exercises for Chapter 6 45

49. By symmetry, x  0. y

 1 a a2

 
x3 4a 3
A2 a 2  x 2 dx  2 a 2x  
0 3 0 3

1 3
 ( x, y )
A 4a 3

4a3  12 
a
y 3 a 2  x 2 2 dx a a
x
a


6
8a 3  0
a
a 4  2a 2x 2  x 4 dx

 
6 2a 2 3 1 5
 3 a x 
4 x  x
8a 3 5 0


6
8a 
2 5 1 5
3 a  a  a
5
3 5

2a 2
5 

 x, y   0,
2a 2
5 
51. y  0 by symmetry y

4
y = 61 x + 1
For the trapezoid: 3 (6, 2)
2
m  46  16  18 1

 
x
6
1 1
  
1 2 3 4 5 7
1
My  x x1   x1 dx
0 6 6 2
(6, 2)


3
6

  
6
1 2 x3 4
 x  2x dx   x2  60
0 3 9 0

For the semicircle:

m 122  2 2

My   6
8
x  4  x  6 2    4  x  6 2  dx  2 6
8
x 4  x  6 2 dx

Let u  x  6, then x  u  6 and dx  du. When x  6, u  0. When x  8, u  2.

My  2  0
2
u  6 4  u 2 du  2  2

0
u 4  u 2 du  12  0
2
4  u 2 du

 2 2 16 4 4  9
  234  u    
2
1 2
 2  2 3
2  12   12 
0 4 3 3

Thus, we have:

4 4  9
x 18  2   60 
3
180  4 4  9 1 29  49
x
3
 2 9    3  9

The centroid of the blade is 239  49

9

, 0.
46 Chapter 6 Applications of Integration

53. Let D  surface of liquid;   weight per cubic volume.

F  c
d
D  y f  y  g y dy y

 
D


d d
 D  f  y  g y dy  y  f  y  g y dy d ( x, y )
g
c c f


c

  f  y  g y dy D  
d y  f  y  g y dy


x

c
d
c
 f  y  g y dy
c

 AreaD  y 
 Areadepth of centroid

Problem Solving for Chapter 6

1 1
1. T  c c2  c3
2 2

R 0
c
cx  x2 dx   cx2
2

x3
3 
c

0

c3 c3 c3
2
 
3 6
1 3
c
T 2
lim  lim 3
c0 R c0 1
c3
6

3. (a)
1
2
V 
0
1
 2  1  y2   2  1  y2  dy
2 2

   0
1
4  41  y2  1  y2  4  41  y2  1  y2 dy

 8  0
1
1  y2 dy Integral represents 1
4 area of circle

 8 4  2 2
V  42

(b) x  R2  y2  r2 x  R r2  y2

1
2
V  
0
r
 R  r2  y2   R  r 2  y2  dy
2 2

  0
r
4Rr2  y2 dy

1
  4R  r2  2 r2 R
4
V  2 2 r 2 R

5. V  22  r

r2  h2
4
xr2  x2 dx x2 + y2 = r2

 23r 
r
 2 2
 x23
2 r h
r2  h2
4 2

4  h3
 
h3
   which does not depend on r! r2 h
2
3 8 6 4
r
 Problem Solving for Chapter 6 47

7. (a) Tangent at A: y  x3, y  3x2 (b) Tangent at Aa, a3: y  a3  3a2x  a

y  1  3x  1 y  3a2x  2a 3
y  3x  2 To find point B: x3  3a2x  2a3  0
To find point B: x3  3x  2 x  a2x  2a  0
x3  3x  2  0 B  2a, 8a3
x  12x  2  0 B  2, 8 Tangent at B: y  8a3  12a2x  2a
Tangent at B: y  x3, y  3x2 y  12a2x  16a3
y  8  12x  2 To find point C: x3  12a2x  16a3  0
y  12x  16 x  2a2x  4a  0
To find point C: x3  12x  16 C  4a, 64a3
x3  12x  16  0
x  2 x  4  0 C  4, 64
2
Area of R   a

2a
x3  3a2x  2a3 dx 
27 4
4
a

Area of R   2
1
x3  3x  2 dx 
27
4
Area of S  4a

2a
12a2x  16a3  x3 dx  108a4

Area of S   2
4
12x  16  x3 dx  108 Area of S  16area of R

 area  16
area S
Area of S  16area of R
R

9. sx  x


1  ft2 dt

ds
(a) sx   1  fx2
dx
(b) ds  1  fx2 dx

 dydx dx
2
ds2  1  fx2dx2  1  2
 dx2  dy2

(c) sx   x

1
1 32t
1
2
2
dt   x

1
9
1  t dt
4

(d) s2   1
2
9
1  t dt 
4
8
27
9
1 t
4   
3
2 2

1

22
27
22 
13
27
13 2.0858

This is the length of the curve y  x 3

2
from x  1 to x  2.

11. (a) y  0 by symmetry (b) m  2  b

1
x3 dx 
b2  1
b2
  dx  
1


6 6

 
6
1 1 2 1 5
My  x 3  3 dx  2  6
1 2b  1
1 x x 1 x2 x 1 3 My  2 dx 
x2 b

1
6

 
6
1 1 35
m2 dx   2  2b  1
b
1 x3 x 1 36 x 
2b
b2  1
b2 b  1
x, y  b 2b 1, 0
x
5
3
35
36

12
7
x, y  127, 0 (c) lim x  lim
2b
2 x, y  2, 0
b b b1
y

1
x
2 3 4 5 6
1

3
48 Chapter 6 Applications of Integration

13. (a) W  area  2  4  6  12 15. Point of equilibrium: 50  0.5x  0.125x

1 1 x  80, p  10
(b) W  area  3  1  1  2  7
2 2
P0, x0  10, 80

Consumer surplus   0
80
50  0.5x  10 dx  1600

Producer surplus   0
80
10  0.125x dx  400

17. (a) Wall at shallow end

From Exercise 22: F  62.42420  9984 lb

(b) Wall at deep end

From Exercise 22: F  62.44820  39,936 lb y

20
(c) Side wall
15
From Exercise 22: F1  62.42440  19,968 lb
y=8


10 x = 40
4
F2  62.4 8  y10y dy 5
0

 624 4

0

8y  y 2 dy  624 4y 2 
y3
3 
4

0
5 10 15 20 25 40 45
1x
y = 10
x

 26,624 lb

Total force: F1  F2  46,592 lb