Year 10 Advanced Science Trial Chemistry Test 2016 (ANSWERS)

1. C 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. C
11. B 12. B 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C

2. Mg 12 12 (2,8,2)
Calcium 20 20 (2,8,8,2)
PhosphorusP 15 31
Ne 10 10 (2,8)
Aluminium ion 13 14 (2,8)
Fe 26 30
S2- 16 16 (2,8,8)

3. a) Sodium bromide ionic 2

b) Silver oxide ionic 3
c) Water covalent 3
d) Ammonium sulphate ionic 15
e) Phosphorus covalent 4

4 a) NaNO3 b) Na2O c) NH4Cl d) MgF2

e) ZnSO4 f) Fe2O3 g) FeS h) Al2(CO3 )3

5. Balancing Equations (corrected)

a) 1 2 1 2
b) 4 3 2
c) 1 2 1 1
d) 1 1 1 1
e) 2 1 1 2

6. See opposite page

7. a) NaOH Sodium hydroxide - having OH- ions

b) HNO3 Nitric acid having H+ ions
c) Neutralisation reaction
d) salt and water
HNO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + H2O
8. a) Combination b) Precipitation c) Combustion
d) decomposition e) Displacement

9. a) 4Fe + 3O2 2 Fe2O3

b) water/ moisture, acid, high temperature, salt
c) oil/ grease, covering with plastic, drying (agent), electroplating or galvanization

10. Similarities: Both involve valency electrons in bond formation/

Both involve non-metal
Differences: Ionic compounds involve metal and non-metal compared to only non-
metals in covalent compounds/
Ionic compounds involve the donation of electrons by metal atom and receiving
electrons by non-metallic atom. However, electrons are shared by non-metallic atoms
in covalent compound./
Ionic compounds have much higher melting point compared to that in covalent
compounds/
Ionic compounds have free ions in molten or aqueous state but no free ions from
covalent compounds.

11. a) The ionic lattice arrangement bound both Na+ and Cl- ions in 3 dimensional
manner, it is very difficult to break these bonds unless at a rather high temperature
over 800oC
b) When it is molten at high temp, or when it is dissolved in water, the bonds are
broken, free Na+ and Cl- ions are available to conduct electricity.
c) The metal atoms are packed tightly together with their valency electrons moving
freely among them, allowing electricity to pass through in a closed circuit.

12. a) K most active Au - least active - Gold is at the end of the reactivity series, it
is rather unreactive to oxygen, acid and water
b) Aluminium
c) They are metals that are not active and can exist as metals themselves, including
Ag, Au and Cu
d) Zinc is more active, it will oxidise to form Zinc oxide, protecting the underlying
iron or steel from rusting, however, copper is less active and cant protect iron at all.
e) They are far too active that can react with air/oxygen and water, hence they are
stored in oil to prevent contact with air and water. Reasons: Either K or Na has only
one valence electron, this electron is readily and easily to leave the atom and
received by non-metals to form ionic compounds.
f) Silver is the best conductor of electricity, however, it is very expensive and too soft.