MUMBAI INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT PRIVATE LIMITED
CSIA EXPANSION & RENOVATION PROGRAM
11 September 2008
Prepared by:
Larsen & Toubro Limited, ECC Division
Regional Office
5th Floor, North Block II, Gate No.1,
Saki Vihar Road, Powai
Mumbai 400072
Document Control
A 29 Aug 08 Manoj Tipnis Paul McCullagh Larry Mujaj Issued for MIAL review
B 11 Sep 08 Manoj Tipnis Paul McCullagh Larry Mujaj Issued for MIAL review
B Incorporated increased aircraft traffic as per revised Scheme Design Report 11 Sep 2008
Aircraft Traffic for Airport Pavements Rev D
TABLEOFCONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 PROJECT REQUIREMENT ........................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 SCHEME DESIGN REPORT OBJECTIVES ............................................................... 1-1
2. SCOPE OF WORKS ............................................................................................................ 2-2
3. AIRCRAFT TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ........................................................................................ 3-3
4. AIRCRAFT OPERATING WEIGHTS ................................................................................... 4-4
5. GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS.................................................................................. 5-5
5.1 TESTING REGIME ...................................................................................................... 5-5
5.2 SUBGRADE DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................... 5-5
5.3 SUBGRADE STRENGTH............................................................................................ 5-5
6. PAVEMENT THICKNESS DESIGN ..................................................................................... 6-6
6.1 FAARFIELD RESULTS ............................................................................................... 6-6
6.1.1 FAARFIELD Design Methodology ................................................................. 6-6
6.1.2 FAARFIELD Generated Pavement Design ................................................... 6-7
6.2 LEDFAA RESULTS ..................................................................................................... 6-8
6.2.1 LEDFAA Design Methodology ....................................................................... 6-8
6.2.2 LEDFAA Generated Pavement Design ......................................................... 6-9
6.3 COMFAA RESULTS ................................................................................................. 6-11
6.3.1 COMFAA Design Methodology ................................................................... 6-11
6.3.2 COMFAA generated Pavement Design....................................................... 6-12
6.4 COMPARISON OF RESULTS .................................................................................. 6-12
6.5 ADOPTED PAVEMENT STRUCTURES ................................................................... 6-13
7. PCN DETERMINATION ..................................................................................................... 7-15
8. TAXIWAY SHOULDERS.................................................................................................... 8-17
9. ROAD PAVEMENTS .......................................................................................................... 9-18
9.1 AIRSIDE EMERGENCY ROAD................................................................................. 9-18
9.1.1 INDIAN ROADS CONGRESS DESIGN ...................................................... 9-18
9.1.2 AUSTROADs DESIGN CHECK .................................................................. 9-18
9.2 AIRSIDE PERIMETER ROAD ................................................................................... 9-23
10. APPENDICES AND SKETCHES ..................................................................................... 10-24
10.1 APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... 10-24
10.2 SKETCHES ............................................................................................................. 10-24
11. LIST OF CODES .............................................................................................................. 11-25
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
This report includes the scheme design of pavement structure for all future taxiway projects at
Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA), Mumbai. The scheme design for the
pavement structural requirement is the subject of this report.
The taxiway pavements will be constructed in different stages of the project with consideration of
the operational requirements. The taxiways will predominantly be provided with a rigid pavement
construction with a design life of 30 years and flexible transitions / tie-ins with runways.
The existing set taxiways do not allow the airport in its present configuration of intersecting
runways to operate at potential capacity. Scope for construction of additional runway for capacity
enhancement has been ruled out and so in order to enhance the airport capacity to 44 ATMs per
day, it is planned to provide parallel taxiways on both sides of the two runways and a system of
loop and exit taxiways (including RETs).
All new parallel taxiways are planned to be constructed or realigned to Code F specifications,
with a clearance of 190m from runway centrelines.
This Scheme Design Report is intended to establish the design of the pavement structures of
Taxiways for the subsequent detailed design phase.
2. SCOPE OF WORKS
All Taxiways will be constructed as rigid pavement. Tie-ins with flexible runway pavements will
be provided with composite (expedient-flexible) pavement sections.
Since the objective of this report is to detail the pavement structural design, the scope of taxiway
projects to be undertaken is covered in detail including in the respective project packages.
The aircraft traffic for the taxiways as extracted from above report is given in Appendix A.
C D E
Code
MTOM
77 89 79 204 171 230 397
(Tonnes)
MLM
64.5 75.5 71 159 140 185 274
(Tonnes)
Code E F
MTOM
300 353 275 368 285 441.4 560
(Tonnes)
MLM
252 252 200 259 200 340 386
(Tonnes)
5. GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
5.1 TESTING REGIME
Geotechnical investigations comprising of field testing test pits, bore holes, in-situ testing &
laboratory testing are being undertaken for design purposes. The purpose of the test pits is to log
the soil profile at different depths, measure in-situ density and degree of compaction, collection of
disturbed and undisturbed soil / fill material samples for laboratory testing and conduct SPT tests
through the Trial Pit for identification of subgrade soil type and estimate its field CBR from
N value.
Laboratory testing consists of Grain Size Analysis, Consistency limit, CBR testing and Triaxial
testing.
In this report the CBR values for Taxiway Delta, Runway 14/32 loop and Taxiway S have been
incorporated. The design CBR to be adopted is Mean CBR value 1 x Standard Deviation. The
subgrade and subbase K values are estimated from design CBR, utilising the relationship given as
per Clause 205, a, (4) of FAA AC 150/5320-6E.
Accordingly the testing regime includes field and laboratory testing. Geotechnical investigation
results for taxiway areas investigated as on date are attached at Appendix B, Annexure I to IV.
Laboratory evaluated CBR value for Taxiway D for excavated bulk samples is 2.68%. Average
CBR value for Runway 14/32 loop from triaxial tests and for Taxiway D correlated from SPT is
less than 2%. The average CBR value for Runway 14-32 is computed as 2.67% based on Particle
grain size analysis and Atterbergs limits as per relation given in NCHRP 1-37A, 2001,
Transportation Research Board.
The preliminary geotechnical investigations for CSIA aircraft movement areas investigated till
date indicate average subgrade CBR being less than 2%. The correlated K value of 11 MN/m2/m
for CBR 2% is adopted for design as per Clause 205, a, (4) of FAA AC 150/5320-6E.
Input traffic data, including aircraft type, operating weights and number of annual
movements.
For rigid pavements we have adopted PCC Surface, P-304 Cement Treated Base,
P-209 Crushed aggregate (WMM), Undefined layer Murrum E = 62.73 MPa and
Subgrade K=11 MN/m2/m
For rigid pavements set P-304 CTB layer thickness to 150mm, crushed aggregate layer
thickness to 200mm, Murrum layer thickness to 900 mm and design PCC surface
thickness.
A summary of the FAARFIELD generated pavement thicknesses for various taxiway pavements
for varying Murrum strength is presented in Table 6.2 below. Prints of the FAARFIELD runs for
rigid pavements are presented in Appendix C.
Table 6.2 FAARFIELD Generated Pavement (PQC) Thickness for Rigid Pavements
Taxiways W (Between
Taxiway W1 (South of Taxiway N (West of
LAYER TWYs N & W7), W7, Taxiways W4, E4
TWY N) TWY W)
E7
Murrum E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa)
62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5
PQC 421.6 413.3 405.7 426.9 415.8 405.4 397.6 385.8 375.1 452.0 441.7 432.4
(mm)
Taxiways S (West of
Taxiways N, N1 Taxiways N1 (East of Taxiways S1 (East of RWY 14/32), S1
LAYER (Between TWY W & E) TWY E), N3, N4 TWY E1), S3, S4 (Between RWY14/32
& TWY E1)
Murrum E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa)
62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5
PQC 443.7 433.7 424.0 499 489.8 481.4 441.4 431.0 420.9 415.4 404.8 394.5
(mm)
The pavement design methodolgy in LEDFAA is the same as for FAARFIELD given in Para
6.1.1 above. The FAARFIELD software however analyses the pavement based on the Finite
Element method and hence is expected to give results at a variance with the LEDFAA results
which analyses the rigid pavements on basis of layered elastic design.
The Flexible or Composite pavements are designed by LEDFAA, since the design is based on
Layered Elastic analysis and further FAARFIELD software is experienced to be unstable for
analysis and design of composite pavements. The design methodolgy is same except the
following final steps :
Define pavement structure, including P-401 AC Overlay, P- 501 PCC Surface, and Subgrade K =
11 MN/m2/m
Set P-501 PCC thickness to trial thickness, set Structural Condition Index (SCI) to 100%
(Maximum allowable value), set %CDFU to 10% (Minimal allowable value), and design P-401
AC Overlay thickness. Iterate to obtain overlay thickness of 200mm. Convert the designed P501
PCC thickness as determined in final iteration to equivalent M30 PCC thickness.
Alternatively set P401- AC surface thickness and design thickness of econocrete layer under the
AC surface (for comparison as directed by MIAL).
Both the alternative composite pavement sections ie.with PCC / Econocrete base will be provided
with SAMI and geo-grid in the asphalt surface course, since the rigid base courses in both are
expected to crack. The SAMI and geo-grid are provided for prevention of reflection cracking.
LEDFAA also uses properties for pavement materials from FAA construction specifications,
detailed in FAA AC 150/5370-10B Standards For Specifying Construction of Airports (April
2005). All pavement materials used for the construction of aircraft pavements for this project will
meet the minimum strength requirements of the FAA standard materials, however the material
specifications for this project have been written around Indian Standards and local construction
methods. The strength parameters adopted for various pavement layers in pavement design are as
per Table 6.3 below.
AC E=1378.95 MPa
Econocrete E=4826.33MPa
A summary of the LEDFAA generated pavement thicknesses for various taxiway rigid pavements
for varying Murrum strength is presented in Table 6.4 below. Prints of the LEDFAA runs are
presented in Appendix D.
Table 6.4 LEDFAA Generated Pavement (PQC) Thickness for Rigid Pavements
Taxiways S (West of
Taxiways N, N1 Taxiways N1 (East of Taxiways S1 (East of RWY 14/32), S1
LAYER (Between TWY W & E) TWY E), N3, N4 TWY E1), S3, S4 (Between RWY14/32
& TWY E1)
E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa)
Murrum 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5
PQC 546.3 540.2 535.3 631.3 627.0 621.6 540.2 534.8 529.9 505.0 498.5 492.9
(mm)
Results of the LEDFAA generated composite pavement thicknesses are shown in Table 6.5 below
Both base course types PCC (M30) and Econocrete, given in the pavement sections in Table 6.5
are expected to crack. Therefore whichever pavement section be adopted, the same will be
provided with SAMI and Geogrid in the Asphalt overlay as a reflection crack prevention
measure.
A check of the FAARFIELD derived pavement thicknesses has been conducted using COMFAA.
Determine the Pass to Coverage Ratio (PCR) for each aircraft using LEDFAA;
Calculate the number of coverages for each aircraft (Coverages = Departures / PCR);
Determine the equivalent Modulus of Subgrade Reaction using Figure 3-16 from FAA
Advisory Circular 150/5320-6D Airport Pavement Design & Evaluation.
In this case, for The modulus of subgrade reaction (k) of the subgrade underneath rigid
pavement section is 11 MN/m2/m, over which a 900mm thick murrum fill (of CBR 6%
or 8% or 10%) and 200mm WMM fill is provided so as to give an effecive k = 30.83
MN/m2/m on top of WMM layer. A stabilised CTB subbase of 150mm thickness has
been provided over the WMM layer. COMFAA does not allow for input of the subbase
layers and hence an effective k value must be selected for use in the thickness design.
ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual Part 3, Figure 4-55 and FAA AC 150/5320-6D,
Figure 3-16 provides guidance on the selection of an effective k value for PQC
pavements constructed on stabilised subbase courses. Note that the charts given in the
referenced figures do not distinguish between different types of stabilised subbases,
hence on top of CTB subbase an effective k value of 65 MN/m2/m is adopted, as
derived from these charts.
Calculate the pavement thickness required for each aircraft at the MTOM and
number of coverages listed above;
Select the critical aircraft (aircraft which gives the thickest pavement);
Calculate the equivalency factors for gear geometry and single wheel load;
Calculate the number of equivalent coverages of the critical aircraft using the
number of coverages of each aircraft and the equivalency factors obtained above;
Using COMFAA, determine the PQC pavement thickness required for the total
number of equivalent coverages of the critical aircraft;
For the rigid aircraft pavement design, the B737-800 aircraft at 79 Tonne (MTOW) has been
selected as the critical aircraft. The detailed workings to determine the rigid pavement thicknesses
are contained in Appendix E.
COMFAA allows a maximum input of 1,000,000 coverages. A chart was produced sketching
Pavement Thickness Vs Coverages of the B737-800, and a line of best fit (trend line) was drawn
to determine the equation for extrapolation of the thickness design results. The equation derived
is as under:
A summary of the COMFAA generated pavement thicknesses for various taxiway pavements is
presented in Table 6.6 below. COMFAA computations are presented in Appendix E.
Table 6.6 COMFAA Generated Pavement (PQC) Thickness for Rigid Pavements
Taxiways W
Taxiway W1 (South of Taxiway N (West of TWY
LAYER (Between TWYs N Taxiways W4, E4
TWY N) W)
& W7), W7, E7
PQC 449.4 441.9 413.4 479.7
(mm)
resulted due to analysis by Finite Element method in FAARFIELD as against Layered Elastic
analysis in LEDFAA. As directed by MIAL and agreed by the Independent Engineer, the
FAARFIELD computed design thicknesses will be adopted for construction. The LEDFAA and
COMFAA results are provided for comparison purpose only.
A summary of the pavement structures adopted for the taxiway pavements is presented in Table
6.7 below:-
Taxiways S (West of
Taxiways N, N1 Taxiways N1 (East of Taxiways S1 (East of RWY 14/32), S1
LAYER (Between TWY W & E) TWY E), N3, N4 TWY E1), S3, S4 (Between RWY14/32
& TWY E1)
E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa) E Value (MPa)
Murrum 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5 62.73 82.88 103.5
PQC 450 440 430 500 490 480 450 440 430 425 415 405
(mm)
7. PCN DETERMINATION
The ICAO ACN/PCN system is used by airport operators as a pavement management tool,
whereby aircraft that operate at Aircraft Classification Numbers (ACN) less than the Pavement
Classification Number (PCN) for a particular pavement can do so without weight restriction
without undue damage occurring to the pavement. Aircraft that wish to operate with an ACN
greater than the published PCN must apply to the airport operator for a Pavement Concession.
The airport operator is free to select any value of PCN, and the decision as to which value to
select is often a balance between commercial considerations and the actual strength of the
pavement. An airport operator may choose to increase the PCN without strengthening a
pavement, in order to attract larger aircraft and thereby gaining increased revenue. The airport
operator would make this decision consciously knowing that the overloaded operations of the
larger aircraft would reduce the life of the pavement, and would result in the need for early
maintenance of the pavement.
The aircraft pavements for this project have been designed based on a rigorous analysis of the
actual number of aircraft that are likely to utilise each element of pavement on the airport within
the design period.
The aircraft pavements for this project have been designed based on a rigorous analysis of the
actual number of aircraft that are likely to utilise the runway pavement within the design period.
The PCN analysis in accordance with AC 150/5335-5A is given in Appendix F, Annexures I and
II.
For all Taxiways and RETs, B737-800 at MTOM and MLM respectively, works out as the
critical aircraft for the estimated aircraft traffic from design thickness consideration. However it is
noted that adopting Code C aircraft for PCN evaluation will give erroneous results. Therefore the
next critical multi-wheel gear aircraft in fleet mix for each of the taxiway facilities is selected for
PCN evaluation. It is observed that the maximum ACN in the aircraft fleet mix of each of the
facilities is higher than the analysed PCN value. For most Taxiways the maximum ACN aircraft
is B777-300 ER at MTOM and for RETs it is B777-300 at MLM. However, it is pointed out that
coverages of these critical aircraft are far lesser than 10,000 coverages considered for ACN
assignment, except in case of Taxiway E (between Taxiways N1 & E4) and Taxiways N3,N4 &
N1 (East of Taxiway E). PCN analysis for designed thicknesses is therefore carried out for the
respective critical aircraft also for each of the pavement facilities. It is confirmed that the PCNs
obtained for this case in respect of all facilities is higher than the maximum ACN, except for RET
W6, W8.
Since the basis of design for the aircraft pavements are published in this report, it is anticipated
that the airport operator will track usage of the airport pavements throughout the design period,
and will use the aircraft traffic included in Appendix A (analysis submitted separately as SDR-
Aircraft Traffic for Aircraft Pavements), as a baseline in which to manage aircraft operations at
the airport.
L&T therefore recommend that highest ACN value of all aircraft in the fleet mix be adopted as
the PCN for the airport. ACNs for various aircraft in the fleet mix, based on a rigid pavement
and subgrade category C, are summarised in Table 7.1 and 7.2.
Table 7.1 Rigid Aircraft Classification Numbers for Various Aircraft at MTOM
Code C D E
Code E F
Table 7.2 Rigid Aircraft Classification Numbers for Various Aircraft at MLM
Code C D E
Code E F
In consideration of the above analysis, L&T recommends that the PCN value for Taxiways be
published for all Taxiways as 110/R/C/W/T and for all RETs as 67/R/C/W/T, thereby allowing
operation of the maximum ACN aircraft all pavement facilities, without Pavement concession. As
discussed above, the owner must then monitor the usage of the maximum ACN aircraft traffic
operating on the facility, in conjunction with the traffic figures presented in this report.
8. TAXIWAY SHOULDERS
Shoulders to the taxiways are required by ICAO Annex 14 to be structurally capable of
accommodating an occasional pass of an aircraft and to be structurally capable of supporting
maintenance vehicles and emergency vehicles.
The taxiway shoulders have been designed in accordance with the procedure detailed in Change 4
to FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5320-6D Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation. The
procedure acknowledges that shoulder pavements are sometimes trafficked by aircraft, and
suggests that the pavements should be designed to cater for 10 departures of the critical design
aircraft. The inner 7.5m wide shoulders have been provided with a section designed for 10
departures of B77-300ER at MTOW, as per the FAA reccomendation which has been identified
as the critical design aircraft in the aircraft fleet mix.
The outer 10m of the taxiway shoulders is designed as per the ICAO clause to accommodate an
occasional pass of an aircraft preventing any structural damage to the aircraft and also providing
for an erosion resistant surface.
The taxiway shoulder inside Zone 1 (up to 77.5m from runway centreline) is designed as
expedient pavement with a composite pavement section.
The designed shoulder sections are given in Table 8.1 and Table 8.2 below :-
Thickness
Layer
(mm)
P-401 AC surface 125
PCC (M30) 200
9. ROAD PAVEMENTS
9.1 AIRSIDE EMERGENCY ROAD
The airside emergency road is designed based on the publication A Guide to the Structural
Design on Road Pavements, Austroads 2004 and the Indian Roads Congress Special Publication
20 (2002).
Design traffic level A is adopted for design to cater for limited maitenence vehicle traffic and
emergency fire tender traffic. Subgrade CBR 2% is adopted for design.
As per Fig 5.1 of IRC SP 20-2002, the total pavement thickness required is 425mm.
The required flexible pavement structure as per Fig 5.2 is as detailed in Table 9.1 below :-
The IRC design section is futher verified with the Austoroads design for simmilar traffic
condition.
Under the Austroads Vehicle Classification System, vehicles are either classified as light or
heavy. Generally, heavy vehicles are commercial vehicles such as trucks and buses. The term
Heavy Vehicle Axle defines a single axle on a heavy vehicle, and the term Heavy Vehicle Axle
Group (HVAG) defines a group of heavy vehicle axles with a longitudinal spacing less than
2.1m.
The following is a list of different heavy vehicle axle group types used for design:
For the service road design, we have taken the Panther 6x6 Fire Tender as the design vehicle. The
Panther 6x6 has three axles with a total load of 36 tonne (360kN). The front axle acts as an SAST
axle group carrying 120kN whilst the two rear axles combine to act as a TAST axle group
carrying 240kN, due to their longitudinal spacing of 1.5m.
The term Standard Axle refers to a single axle with dual tyres (SADT) carrying an axle load of
80kN. The term Standard Axle Repetition (SAR) refers to a single pass of the Standard Axle with
standard load of 80kN. SARs are used in the empirical and mechanistic design of flexible
pavements, and are expressed in terms of one of four damage types for a particular axle group
type and load:
For each heavy vehicle axle group type there is a particular standard load that causes the same
amount of damage (surface deflection) as that of the Standard Axle with a load of 80kN. These
loads are shown in Table 9.2 below.
Table 9.2 Axle group loads which cause same damage as a Standard Axle
SAST 53
SADT 80
TAST 90
TADT 135
TRDT 181
QADT 221
It follows, then, that a single repetition of an axle group with a load higher than that that causes
the same damage as a Standard Axle, will cause more than one SAR of damage, and vice versa.
This is outlined in Austroads Equation 7.3, reproduced as follows:
m
Lij
SARijk =
SLi
Where:
SARijk = Number of SARs which causes the same amount of type k damage as a single
passage of axle group type i with load Lij;
SLi = Standard load for axle group type i from Table 9.2;
m =Damage exponent, 4 for overall pavement damage, 5 for asphalt fatigue, 7 for
rutting and shape loss, and 12 for fatigue of cemented materials.
The damage exponent 4 for overall pavement damage is used to calculate the SARs for use in the
empirical design of flexible pavements with thin bituminous surfacing, and under this method of
design these SARs are known as Equivalent Standard Axles (ESA). This damage exponent was
derived from AASHTO field studies.
For the Panther 6x6, the number of ESAs/HVAG for the SAST and TAST axle groups for type e
damage are as follows:
m
Lij
SARijk =
SLi
4
120
SARSASTe = ESASASTe / HVAG =
53
ESASASTe / HVAG = 26.28
m
Lij
SARijk =
SLi
4
240
SARTASTe = ESATASTe / HVAG =
90
ESATASTe / HVAG = 50.57
As there is one SAST and one TAST per vehicle, the average ESA/HVAG is:
26.28 + 50.57
ESA / HVAG =
2
ESA / HVAG = 38.42
This is to say that one pass of a Panther 6x6 with two axle groups is equivalent to 38.42 passes of
an Equivalent Standard Axle.
The cumulative number of Heavy Vehicle Axle Groups (NDT) anticipated in the design lane of the
design period is given by:
N DT = 365 ( AADT DF )
% HV
LDF CGF N HVAG
100
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) = 2 vehicles per day (one lane, one way)
Direction Factor (DF) = 1.0 (As AADT was expressed in terms of one lane, one way)
Cumulative Growth Factor CGF = 10 (From Austroads Table 7.4 for Design Life P = 10 years
and growth factor R = 0%)
N DT = 365 (2 1)
100
1 10 2
100
N DT = 14,600
For the design of a flexible granular pavement with thin bituminous surfacing, the design traffic is
expressed in terms of Design Equivalent Standard Axles (DESA), as follows:
Using the equation derived from Figure 8.4, the total pavement thickness required over CBR 2%
is as follows:
Using the equation derived from Figure 8.4, the total pavement thickness required over CBR 6%
is as follows:
From Figure 8.4, the minimum thickness of high quality base material is 150mm. Based on the
above a total pavement thickness of 600mm is detailed in Table 9.3 below:
Keeping the capping layer thickness at 100mm and considering an equivalency factor of 0.5 for
converting the 150mm of capping layer to subbase layer, the subbase layer thickness required is
275mm (200+1500.5). The pavement structure is therefore same as that computed by IRC
method.
Since the effective design thickness derived from Austroads is same as that from IRC, the
IRC design is validated and is being adopted.
The airside perimeter road is designed based on IRC 37 Guidelines for the design of Flexible
Pavement.
Design traffic of 5 msa is adopted for design. Considering sublayering, an effective CBR of 4% is
achieved on top of a murrum fill (of CBR 6%) placed over subgrade of CBR 2%.
The required flexible pavement structure as per IRC 37 is as detailed in Table 9.4 below :-
Considering the equivalency factor of 2 for converting the bituminous layers into granular base
layer and 0.85 for converting the subbase layer to base layer. The effective thickness of the
flexible pavement structure is 612mm [60 2+2501+2850.85)].
Considering the same equivalency factors as above the effective pavement thickness is 620mm
[(950+75) x 2 + 200x1 + 200 x 0.85].
Table 9.5 Adopted Structure for Airside Perimeter Road by IRC method
10.2 SKETCHES
P. Layout of Taxiways
2. ICAO Annex 14 Aerodromes , Vol. 1, Aerodrome Design and Operations, Fouth Edition,
2004.
Arrivals
AirfieldZones A320 A321 A300 A330 A340300 A340600 A380 B737800 B767400 B747400 B7478 B777300 B777300ER MD11
TaxiwaysE(NorthofTWYE4) 19214 2453 5256 5256 2044 2044 146 29346 2920 3650 146 4351 1708 2555
TaxiwaysE(NorthofTWYE8),E9 19214 2453 5256 5256 2044 2044 146 29010 2920 2978 146 4183 1708 1380
TaxiwaysE(BetweenTWYsN1&E4) 31565 4030 9986 9986 3884 3884 277 47706 5548 5548 277 7920 3246 2427
TaxiwaysW(NorthofTWYW7),W9 5490 701 0 0 0 0 0 8300 0 248 0 62 0 434
TaxiwaysW(BetweenTWYsN&W7),W7,E7 5352 683 0 0 0 0 0 8096 0 248 0 62 0 434
TaxiwaysW4&E4 8303 1060 2759 2759 1073 1073 77 12899 1533 2216 77 2359 897 1865
TaxiwayW1(SouthofTWYN) 3088 394 394 394 153 153 11 4621 219 208 11 310 128 77
TaxiwayN(WestofTWYW) 37741 4818 9198 9198 3577 3577 256 56721 5110 4855 256 7231 2989 1789
TaxiwayN,NI(BetweenTWYW&E) 18596 2374 6439 6439 2504 2504 179 27696 3577 2683 179 4883 2093 0
TaxiwaysN1(EastofTWYE),N3,N4 33452 4271 12286 12286 4778 4778 341 49896 6826 5265 341 9353 3993 256
TaxiwaysS1(EastofTWYE1),S3,S4 8166 1042 3022 3022 1175 1175 84 12162 1679 1259 84 2292 982 0
TaxiwaysS(WestofRWY14/32),S1(BetweenRWY
5695 727 1840 1840 715 715 51 8636 1022 1073 51 1472 598 537
14/32&TWYE1)
RETsS7,S8 4803 613 1840 1840 715 715 51 7307 1022 1073 51 1472 598 537
RETN5 4803 613 1314 1314 511 511 37 7227 730 694 37 1033 427 256
RETsW6,W8 5490 701 0 0 0 0 0 8176 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETsE6,E8 16469 2102 5256 5256 2044 2044 146 24820 2920 2774 146 4132 1708 1022
RETW3 3088 394 394 394 153 153 11 4621 219 208 11 310 128 77
RETE3 5558 710 1971 1971 767 767 55 8388 1095 1040 55 1549 641 383
Departures
AirfieldZones A320 A321 A300 A330 A340300 A340600 A380 B737800 B767400 B747400 B7478 B777300 B777300ER MD11
TaxiwaysE(NorthofTWYE4) 7205 996 1971 1971 767 767 55 11691 1040 2646 55 1821 624 2190
TaxiwaysE(NorthofTWYE8),E9 7205 996 1971 1971 767 767 55 11092 1040 1150 55 1522 624 394
TaxiwaysE(BetweenTWYsN1&E4) 21958 3037 8015 8015 3117 3117 223 34135 4230 5165 223 6287 2538 2190
TaxiwaysW(NorthofTWYW7),W9 2059 285 0 0 0 0 0 3154 0 55 0 11 0 66
TaxiwaysW(BetweenTWYsN&W7),W7,E7 10979 1518 0 0 0 0 0 16768 0 164 0 33 0 197
TaxiwaysW4&E4 1441 199 394 394 153 153 11 2272 208 365 11 331 125 241
TaxiwayW1(SouthofTWYN) 1029 142 131 131 51 51 4 1573 69 73 4 101 42 22
TaxiwayN(WestofTWYW) 17155 2373 1314 1314 511 511 37 26171 694 730 37 1007 416 219
TaxiwayN,NI(BetweenTWYW&E) 16126 2230 920 920 358 358 26 24532 485 383 26 680 291 0
TaxiwaysN1(EastofTWYE),N3,N4 48034 6643 13140 13140 5110 5110 365 73803 6935 7300 365 10074 4161 2190
TaxiwaysS1(EastofTWYE1),S3,S4 4803 664 788 788 307 307 22 7453 416 694 22 656 250 438
TaxiwaysS(WestofRWY14/32),S1(BetweenRWY
3637 503 263 263 102 102 7 5533 139 110 7 194 83 0
14/32&TWYE1)
RETsS7,S8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETN5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETsW6,W8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETsE6,E8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETW3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RETE3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
APPENDIX B
ANNEXURE I
(b) Taxiway S
Mean = 3.18
Standard Deviation = 0.493
CBR = 2.68%
APPENDIX B
ANNEXURE IV
Plate Load Test Result for Taxiway on Night Parking Apron (TWY W1)
Note : Above Plate Load test results have been provided by MIAL.
AppendixC
FAARFIELDSOFTWARERUNSFORTAXIWAYPAVEMENTS AnnexureI
DesignLife30Years
TaxiwayE(NorthofTWYE4)
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 10:14:37.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 10:46:37.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 11:10:15.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 11:44:03.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 12:16:59.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 12:44:47.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 13:35:24.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 14:16:36.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 13:11:53.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 16:19:13.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 16:53:52.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 17:30:10.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 18:06:03.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 18:58:38.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/22/08 at 19:22:42.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 14:51:03.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 15:18:54.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 15:52:18.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 16:17:13.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 16:42:16.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 17:22:54.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 15:51:11.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 16:14:58.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 16:37:13.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design has not been completed for this section.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 10:56:54.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 11:17:53.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 11:51:41.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 12:15:48.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 12:38:32.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 13:41:08.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 14:02:02.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 14:17:39.
Airplane Information
SubgradeCBR2%andMurrumCBR6%
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 14:42:14.
Airplane Information
SubgradeCBR2%andMurrumCBR8%
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 15:04:50.
Airplane Information
SubgradeCBR2%andMurrumCBR10%
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 15:24:16.
Airplane Information
DesignLife30Years
RETsS7,S8
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 17:57:23.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 18:13:10.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/01/08 at 18:43:48.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 09:19:37.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 09:35:01.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 10:17:24.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/26/08 at 17:14:32.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/26/08 at 17:30:36.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 08/26/08 at 18:16:00.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 10:55:06.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 11:09:58.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 10:42:06.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 11:49:15.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 12:09:12.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 11:27:58.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 12:27:38.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 13:32:20.
Airplane Information
The section does not have a design life of 20 years. This constitutes a deviation from standards and requires FAA approval.
The structure is New Rigid.
Design Life = 30 years.
A design for this section was completed on 09/02/08 at 13:47:23.
Airplane Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
RETs S7,S8
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Aircraft Information
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 58419 8636 16289 15726 6055 6024 388 99357 8643 22942 455 13228 4850 17902
Thickness COMFAA 404 387.5 380.4 375.7 350 384.8 307 425.5 387.5 391.7 368.6 353.9 376.1 400.3
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
184839 56259 146268 977917 278755 610200 11507 350730 211873 510929 10738 583276 486224 1252716
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
49957 16260 40294 260084 73357 159738 2707 99357 58691 147667 2958 141229 125965 341339
B737-800
Total Equivalent Coverages of Design 1519603 COMFAA PQC Thickness for coverages more than 1 million derived from extrapolation
Aicraft B737-800
Design PQC Thickness by COMFAA 490.87
Taxiways E (North of TWY E8),E9
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 7205 996 1971 1971 767 767 55 11092 1040 1150 55 1522 624 394
30 yr Departures 216150 29880 59130 59130 23010 23010 1650 332760 31200 34500 1650 45660 18720 11820
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 58419 8636 16289 15726 6055 6024 388 94266 8643 9971 455 11056 4850 3221
Thickness COMFAA 404 387.5 369.3 375.7 350 384.8 307 424.2 387.5 371.6 368.6 349.8 376.1 363.5
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
184839 56259 146268 977917 278755 610200 11507 332760 211873 200784 10738 476689 486224 155337
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
49957 16260 40294 260084 73357 159738 2707 94266 58691 58030 2958 115421 125965 42326
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 21958 3037 8015 8015 3117 3117 223 34135 4230 5165 223 6287 2538 2190
30 yr Departures 658740 91110 240462 240462 93513 93513 6679.5 1024050 126910.5 154942.5 6679.5 188624.7 76146.3 65700
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 178038 26332 66243 63953 24609 24480 1572 290099 35155 44781 1840 45672 19727 17902
Thickness COMFAA 430.1 415.7 413.9 413.1 382.8 420.9 321.7 451.2 423 407.7 385.7 381.7 411.4 400.3
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
555376 183701 629442 5313271 1489994 3621778 60814 1024050 1043427 1081247 56057 2351580 2694619 1252716
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
150102 53093 173400 1413104 392104 948109 14309 290099 289038 312499 15443 569390 698088 341339
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 2059 285 0 0 0 0 0 3154 0 55 0 11 0 66
30 yr Departures 61758 8541 0 0 0 0 0 94608 0 1642.5 0 328.5 0 1971
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 16691 2468 0 0 0 0 0 26801 0 475 0 80 0 537
Thickness COMFAA 374.6 365.6 394.1 329.4 289.9 343.3
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
53661 14891 0 0 0 0 0 94608 0 6616 0 1850 0 17561
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
14503 4304 0 0 0 0 0 26801 0 1912 0 448 0 4785
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 10979 1518 0 0 0 0 0 16768 0 164 0 33 0 197
30 yr Departures 329376 45552 0 0 0 0 0 503043 0 4927.5 0 985.5 0 5913
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 89021 13165 0 0 0 0 0 142505 0 1424 0 239 0 1611
Thickness COMFAA 413.8 398.2 434.1 341.3 301 355.7
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
280156 88017 0 0 0 0 0 503043 0 22667 0 6368 0 66865
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
75718 25438 0 0 0 0 0 142505 0 6551 0 1542 0 18219
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 1441 199 394 394 153 153 11 2272 208 365 11 331 125 241
30 yr Departures 43230 5970 11826 11826 4599 4599 328.5 68160 6241.5 10950 328.5 9942.6 3744.9 7227
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 11684 1725 3258 3145 1210 1204 77 19309 1729 3165 90 2407 970 1969
Thickness COMFAA 366.2 361.5 347.6 343.7 330.5 363.4 290.9 386.2 361.5 350 348.9 324.5 357.5 358
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
37734 10182 27415 140275 40674 78947 1684 68160 34038 55474 1594 85780 68221 85361
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
10198 2943 7552 37307 10704 20667 396 19309 9429 16033 439 20770 17674 23259
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 1029 142 131 131 51 51 4 1573 69 73 4 101 42 22
30 yr Departures 30870 4260 3942 3942 1533 1533 109.5 47190 2080.5 2190 109.5 3022.2 1248.3 657
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 8343 1231 1086 1048 403 401 26 13368 576 633 30 732 323 179
Thickness COMFAA 358.3 357.6 335.7 332 310 350.6 279.8 377.4 348.9 332.5 335.5 312.4 344.8 330.9
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
27061 7117 8742 37267 10938 19558 455 47190 9768 9134 435 22466 17849 4612
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
7314 2057 2408 9911 2879 5120 107 13368 2706 2640 120 5440 4624 1257
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 17155 2373 1314 1314 511 511 37 26171 694 730 37 1007 416 219
30 yr Departures 514650 71190 39420 39420 15330 15330 1095 785130 20805 21900 1095 30222 12483 6570
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 139095 20575 10860 10484 4034 4013 258 222416 5763 6329 302 7318 3234 1790
Thickness COMFAA 424.3 409.5 370.7 366.1 343.2 377.4 303.3 444.8 377.3 349 363.6 340.6 371.4 356.9
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
435262 141379 95930 599576 171546 364296 7062 785130 133692 120642 6614 299644 296522 76012
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
117638 40861 26427 159462 45144 95366 1662 222416 37034 34868 1822 72553 76819 20712
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 16126 2230 920 920 358 358 26 24532 485 383 26 680 291 0
30 yr Departures 483780 66900 27594 27594 10731 10731 766.5 735960 14563.5 11497.5 766.5 20388.9 8738.1 0
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 130751 19335 7602 7339 2824 2809 180 208487 4034 3323 211 4937 2264 0
Thickness COMFAA 422.9 407.9 362.2 357.7 339.4 373.3 299.6 444.2 371.2 350.6 359.3 331.9 367.3 0
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
409477 132353 66192 389898 111997 231585 4618 735960 89144 58592 4339 192440 191871 0
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
110669 38252 18235 103696 29473 60624 1087 208487 24694 16934 1195 46596 49708 0
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 48034 6643 13140 13140 5110 5110 365 73803 6935 7300 365 10074 4161 2190
30 yr Departures 1441020 199290 394200 394200 153300 153300 10950 2214090 208050 219000 10950 302220 124830 65700
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 389465 57598 108595 104840 40342 40131 2576 627221 57632 63295 3017 73177 32339 17902
Thickness COMFAA 448.5 435.5 425.7 420.5 394.4 433.6 326.8 469.7 435.6 416.1 391.7 392.4 424.1 400.3
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
1202853 421604 1052647 9646424 2690339 6785468 109548 2214090 1829735 1593532 100541 3996621 4925921 1252716
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
325095 121851 289985 2565538 707984 1776301 25776 627221 506852 460558 27697 967705 1276145 341339
B737-800
Total Equivalent Coverages of Design 10020048 COMFAA PQC Thickness for coverages more than 1 million derived from extrapolation
Aicraft B737-800
Design PQC Thickness by COMFAA 536.10
Taxiways S1 (East of TWY E1), S3, S4
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 4803 664 788 788 307 307 22 7453 416 694 22 656 250 438
30 yr Departures 144090 19920 23652 23652 9198 9198 657 223590 12483 20805 657 19666.2 7489.8 13140
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 38943 5757 6516 6290 2421 2408 155 63340 3458 6013 181 4762 1940 3580
Thickness COMFAA 390 373.1 358.5 354.1 337.8 371.5 298.1 410.3 369.4 359.4 357.4 331.5 365.5 364.7
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
123856 36584 56385 323727 93148 190405 3844 223590 74821 113902 3616 184782 158966 176697
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
33475 10573 15533 86098 24513 49844 904 63340 20726 32920 996 44741 41183 48146
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 77 89 171 230 275 368 560 79 204 397 441.4 300 353 285
Annual Departures 3637 503 263 263 102 102 7 5533 139 110 7 194 83 0
30 yr Departures 109110 15090 7884 7884 3066 3066 219 165990 4161 3285 219 5825.4 2496.6 0
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 29489 4361 2172 2097 807 803 52 47023 1153 949 60 1411 647 0
Thickness COMFAA 387.9 372.1 343.2 339.4 326.2 358.7 286.9 407.5 356.9 336.9 331.9 319.1 352.8 -
Weight Conversion Factor 0.99 1.06 1.04 1.21 1.20 1.27 1.19 1.00 1.14 1.12 1.18 1.13 1.22 1.22
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
94121 27245 17980 86004 25050 47171 1039 165990 21472 14388 987 47008 41592 0
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
25438 7874 4953 22874 6592 12348 245 47023 5948 4158 272 11382 10775 0
B737-800
510
y = 23.98ln(x) + 149.54
490
m)
hickness (mm
200000 442.3
442 3
300000 452
430 400000 458.9
500000 464.2
600000 468.6
410 700000 472.3
COMFAA
800000 475 5
475.5
390 900000 478.3
1000000 480.8
370
350
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 38943 5315 15203 14678 5648 5618 361 62099 8493 9304 422 10690 4647 4386
Thickness COMFAA 350.6 336.5 316.4 316 272.7 292.1 224 385.4 311 268.5 294.4 297.5 271 271.4
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
82572 24983 79450 429362 73419 121831 3335 219210 89516 41436 4975 297630 111727 53884
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
22317 7221 21887 114192 19321 31893 785 62099 24797 11976 1371 72065 28945 14682
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 64.5 75.5 140 185 200 259 386 71 159 274 340 252 252 200
Annual Departures 4803 613 1314 1314 511 511 37 7227 730 694 37 1033 427 256
30 yr Departures 144090 18390 39420 39420 15330 15330 1095 216810 21900 20805 1095 30988.5 12811.5 7665
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 38943 5315 10860 10484 4034 4013 258 61419 6066 6013 302 7503 3319 2089
Thickness COMFAA 350.6 336.5 309.7 309.3 268.6 287.8 221.5 385.2 304.1 260.8 291.1 290.7 268.2 265.2
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
82572 24983 56885 292436 51129 83467 2348 216810 62701 26987 3443 202516 77485 24263
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
22317 7221 15671 77776 13455 21850 553 61419 17369 7800 948 49035 20074 6611
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 64.5 75.5 140 185 200 259 386 71 159 274 340 252 252 200
Annual Departures 5490 701 0 0 0 0 0 8176 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 yr Departures 164688 21024 0 0 0 0 0 245280 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 44510 6076 0 0 0 0 0 69484 0 0 0 0 0 0
Thickness COMFAA 353.4 339.6 387.9
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
93787 28681 0 0 0 0 0 245280 0 0 0 0 0 0
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
25348 8289 0 0 0 0 0 69484 0 0 0 0 0 0
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 64.5 75.5 140 185 200 259 386 71 159 274 340 252 252 200
Annual Departures 16469 2102 5256 5256 2044 2044 146 24820 2920 2774 146 4132 1708 1022
30 yr Departures 494070 63060 157680 157680 61320 61320 4380 744600 87600 83220 4380 123954 51246 30660
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 133532 18225 43438 41936 16137 16052 1031 210935 24266 24052 1207 30013 13276 8354
Thickness COMFAA 376.3 364.5 337.3 337 291.9 312.7 223.1 412.7 332.3 285 304.6 317.3 289.6 282
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
267241 89027 225321 1423078 227041 396474 9966 744600 271866 105323 15691 914791 350008 107742
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
72227 25730 62072 378478 59748 103789 2345 210935 75309 30440 4323 221499 90676 29358
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 64.5 75.5 140 185 200 259 386 71 159 274 340 252 252 200
Annual Departures 3088 394 394 394 153 153 11 4621 219 208 11 310 128 77
30 yr Departures 92640 11820 11826 11826 4599 4599 328.5 138630 6570 6241.5 328.5 9296.55 3843.45 2299.5
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 25038 3416 3258 3145 1210 1204 77 39272 1820 1804 90 2251 996 627
Thickness COMFAA 341.4 331.2 290.4 343.7 258.7 277.1 204.4 375.2 290.9 249.6 279.3 276 258.2 255.2
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
54199 15838 17211 73997 14008 21568 669 138630 17538 8271 922 54667 20916 6648
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
14648 4577 4741 19680 3686 5646 157 39272 4858 2391 254 13236 5419 1811
B737-800
Aircraft A320 A321 A300-B4 A330 A340-200/300 A340-500/600 A380-800 B737-800 B767-400ER B747-400 B747-400ER B777-300 B777-300ER MD11
MTOW 64.5 75.5 140 185 200 259 386 71 159 274 340 252 252 200
Annual Departures 5558 710 1971 1971 767 767 55 8388 1095 1040 55 1549 641 383
30 yr Departures 166740 21300 59130 59130 22995 22995 1642.5 251640 32850 31207.5 1642.5 46482.75 19217.25 11497.5
Gear Type D D 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D D 2D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D
Thickness computation
P/C 3.7 3.46 3.63 3.76 3.8 3.82 4.25 3.53 3.61 3.46 3.63 4.13 3.86 3.67
Coverages 45065 6156 16289 15726 6051 6020 386 71286 9100 9020 452 11255 4979 3133
Thickness COMFAA 353.6 339.9 317.8 317.4 273.9 293.4 216 388.5 312.4 267.9 295 298.5 271.6 286.6
Weight Conversion Factor 0.95 1.03 0.99 1.14 1.08 1.12 1.04 1.00 1.06 0.98 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.08
Equivalent Deaprtures in Terms of
94900 29070 85083 464541 79074 131655 3584 251640 96296 40190 5365 314771 120434 37524
B737-800
Equivalent Coverages in Terms of
25649 8402 23439 123548 20809 34465 843 71286 26675 11616 1478 76216 31201 10225
B737-800
470
y = 22.301ln(x) + 139.28
m)
A Pavement tthickness (mm
450
COVERAGTHICKNESS
430
10000 344.7
50000 380 6
380.6
410 100000 396
200000 411.5
300000 420.5
390 400000 427
COMFAA
500000 431 9
431.9
600000 436
370 700000 439.4
800000 442.4
900000 445.1
3501000000 447.4
447 4
0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000
B737-800 Coverages @71 tonne
Appendix F
Annexure I
PCN ANALYSIS
Taxiways Taxiway E (North of TWY E4) Taxiways E (North of TWY E8), E9 Taxiway E (Between TWYs N1 & E4) Taxiways W (North of TWY W7), W9
B737800 MD11ER B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 B767400ER B777300ER B737800 MD11ER B777300
Aircraft
Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN
EquivalentCoverages 99357 17902 4850 94266 6024 4850 290099 35155 19727 26801 537 80
WeightCorrespondingtoadoptedThickness 75 301 375 75 395 380 75 206 380 76 311 353
ACNvalueCorrespondingtoweightforSubgrade
50.7 88.7 121 50.7 95.1 123.5 50.7 81.6 123.5 51.5 92.8 114.8
CateogryC
Taxiways Taxiways W (Between TWYs N & W7), W7, E7 Taxiways W4, E4 Taxiway W1 (South of TWY N) Taxiway N (West of TWY W)
B737800 MD11ER B777300 B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER
Aircraft
Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN
EquivalentCoverages 142505 1611 239 19309 1204 970 13368 401 323 222416 4013 3234
WeightCorrespondingtoadoptedThickness 73 302 342 75 392 379 75 391 378 72 383 370
ACNvalueCorrespondingtoweightforSubgrade
46.2 89.1 109.2 50.7 94.1 123 50.7 93.7 122.5 48.4 91.1 118.5
CateogryC
B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER B737800 A340600 B777300ER
Aircraft
Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN
EquivalentCoverages 208487 2809 2264 627221 40131 32339 63340 2408 1940 47023 803 647
WeightCorrespondingtoadoptedThickness 74 390 376 83 385 371 76 398 383 76 397 383
ACNvalueCorrespondingtoweightforSubgrade
49.9 93.4 121.5 57.1 91.7 119 51.5 96.1 125.1 51.5 95.7 125.1
CateogryC
ACNvaluescorrespondingtoMTOM
RETs E6,E8 W3 E3
B737800 B767400ER B777300 B737800 B767400ER B777-300 B737800 B767400ER B777-300
Aircraft
Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN Critical1 Critical2 MaximumACN
EquivalentCoverages 210935 24266 30013 39272 1820 2251 71286 9100 11255
WeightCorrespondingtoadoptedThickness 60 163 290 64.5 175 307 58 161 288
ACNvalueCorrespondingtoweightforSubgrade
39.1 59 84.2 42.5 65.1 92.1 37.6 58 83.3
CateogryC
ACNvaluescorrespondingtoMLM