BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
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STPM EXAMINATION
INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES:
Answer any four questions from Section B. For this section, write your answer on the
answer sheets provided. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper. Answer should
be illustrated by large, clearly labelled diagrams wherever suitable.
Arrange your answers in numerical order and tie the answer sheets
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c. Define these:
i. Gene (2)
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ii. Phenotype (1)
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iii. Genotype (1)
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B
Cell X
A
B
C
D
E
Diagram 1
a. Name structures labelled:
A : ___________________________________________________________ (1)
B : ______________________________________
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C : ___________________________________________________________
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D : ___________________________________________________________
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E : ___________________________________________________________
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b. Identify cell X in diagram 1.. State the function of cell X in the development of
bone. (3)
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d. State two functionss of bone besides providing support and shape to body. (2)
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3. Oxygen dissociation curves for three different respiratory pigments found in human
are given in diagram 2 below.
Curve A
Curve B
Curve C
Diagram 2
a. Identify the respiratory pigments that is represented by the oxygen dissociation
curves in diagram 2
2:
A : ___________________________________________________________ (1)
B : ___________________________________________________________
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C : ___________________________________________________________
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b. Explain the importance of curve A located at far left of the graph.
graph (3)
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c. Explain the importance of curve B located to the left of curve C. (2)
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d. Each haemoglobin can bind reversibly with four oxygen molecules to form
oxyhaemoglobin. E
Explain this statement by using structure of haemoglobin. (2)
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Diagram 3
pUC19 is used as a vector to clone the gene coding for human insulin.
a. Describe, with reference to specific restriction enzymes, how human insulin gene
can be inserted into the vector pUC19 to form recombinant DNA.
DNA (4)
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Recombinant DNA produced through the method you described are subsequently
introduced into Escherichia coli via the process of transformation. The cells from the
transformation process are grown on a agar plate.
b. In addition to the nutrients necessary for growth, name two other substances that
were added to the agar plate to allow for selection of cells successfully
successf transformed
with the recombinant plasmid. (2)
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c. Result of plating the transformed cells onto agar plate with appropriate substances
su
produced colonies that appear blue or white. Explain why some colonies appeared
white while others appeared blue. (4)
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V. SUNDRRAM
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