VOCABULARY QUESTIONS______________________

Dalam tes Reading Comprehensioan, Anda akan menemukan soal kosakata

(vocabulary question). Untuk menjawab soal jenis ini, tentu sangat membantu jika Anda
mengetahui makna kosakata yang ditanyakan. Walaupun demikian, Anda tidak selalu
harus mengetahui maknanya. Pasalnya, dengan menggunakan tiga kunci strategi berikut
ini, Anda juga dapat menemukan jawabannya secara tepat. Yaitu dengan:
1) mencari definisi dari petunjuk struktural,
2) menentukan makna dari bagian-bagian kata, dan
3) menggunakan petunjuk konteks (isi) untuk menentukan maknanya.

KUNCI 8
TEMUKAN DEFINISI DARI PETUNJUK STRUKTURAL
(DEFINITIONS FROM STRUCTURAL CLUES)

Ketika Anda diminta untuk menentukan makna dari sebuah kata, Anda dapat
menemukan
1. Bahwa bagian bacaan menyediakan informasi tentang makna dari kata yang
dimaksud.
2. Bahwa ada petunjuk-petunjuk struktural yang memberitahu Anda bahwa definisi
kata tersebut disertakan di dalam bagian bacaan.
Pelajari contoh berikut ini.
The passage:
One of the leading schools of psychological thought in the
twentieth century is behaviorism-the belief that the role of the
psychologist is to study behavior, which is observable, rather than
Line conscious or unconscious thought, which is not. Probably the best-
(5) known proponent of behaviorism is B.F. Skinner, who is famous
for his research on how positive and negative reinforcement influence
behavior. He came to believe that positive reinforcement such as
praise, food, or money were more effective in promoting good
behavior than negative reinforcement, or punishment.
The question:
In "behaviorism" in line 2, a psychologist is concerned with
(A) conscious thought patterns
 (B) unconscious thought patterns
(C) observable actions
(D) unobservable actions

Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini Anda harus mencari kata "behaviorism" di dalam
bacaan. Tanda baca garis pisah ( - ) menunjukan bahwa sebuah penjelasan atau
informasi lebih lanjut tentang "behaviorism" akan dibahas. Dalam informasi yang diikuti
tanda pisah, Anda seharusnya melihat bahwa seorang ilmuwan tingkah laku
(behaviorist) tertarik dalam hal behavior, which is obersvable (tingkah laku yang dapat
diamati). jadi jawaban yang paling benar untuk pertanyaan ini yaitu jawaban ( C ).

. RUMUS KUNCI 8
.
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Bentuk Pertanyaan - What is...?
- What is the meaning of...?
- What is true about...?
- The word X has similar meaning with...
- The word X in line X can be replaced by....
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Tipe Petunjuk Tanda baca: koma, tanda kurung, garis hubung (-)
Restatement: or, that is, in other words, dll.
Contoh: such as, for example, dll.
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Mencari Jawaban Informasi yang dapat membantu Anda menentukan makna
suatu
kata secara umum ditemukan setelah petunjuk tanda baca,
petunjuk uraian baru (restatement), atau petunjuk contoh.
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Cara Menjawab 1. Temukan kata yang dimaksud dalam bacaan.
2. Temukan setiap petunjuk struktural.
 3. Baca bagian kalimat setelah petunjuk tersebut dengan
cermat.
4. Eliminasi setiap jawaban yang salah dan pilih jawaban
yang
tepat dari setiap pilihan yang tersisa.
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PASSAGE QUESTION 1
The locations of stars in the sky relative to one another do not appear to
the
naked eye to change, and, as a result, stars are often considered to be fixed in
position.
Many unwitting stargazers incorrectly assume that each star has its own
permanent
Line home in the nighttime sky.
(5) In reality, though, stars are always moving, but because of the tremendous
distances between the stars themselves and from stars to Earth, the changes are
barely
discernible here on Earth. An example of a rather fast-moving star demonstrates
why
this misconception prevails; it takes around 200 years for Bernard's star, a
relatively
rapidly moving star, to move a distance in the skies equal to the diameter of the
Earth's
(10) moon. When the apparently negligible movement of the stars is contrasted with
the
movements of the planets, the stars are seemingly motionless.

1. What is remarkable about "Bernard's star" in paragraph 2?

(A) It moves faster than many other stars.
(B) It is a stationary star.
 (C) It seems to move faster than the planets.
(D) It appears to move very rapidly.

PASSAGE QUESTION 2
Carbon tetrachloride`a chemical compound created when carbon disulfide
is
treated with chlorine`is a colorless and inflammable liquid that is used
extensively in
industry today. This broad use of carbon tetrachloride in industry is because of its
Line efficacy as a solvent, a refrigerant, and a propellant.
(5) Despite its widespread use in industry, carbon tetrachloride has been
banned for
home use. In the past, carbon tetrachloride was a common ingredient in cleaning
compounds that were used throughout the home. However, it was found to be
extremely hazardous: When heated, it turns into a poisonous gas that can cause
severe
maladies and may even prove deadly if it is inhaled. Because of this dangerous
(10) characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon
tetrachloride in 1970. The United States has taken similar action with various
other
chemical compounds.

2. What is "carbon tetrachloride" in paragraph 1?

(A) A compound of carbon and chlorine
(B) A treatment for carbon disulfide poisoning
(C) A mixture of carbon disulfide and chlorine
(D) The result when chlorine is removed from a chemical compound

PASSAGE QUESTION 3

Jackson's chameleons continued their unsolicited migration to

other
islands in the chain as the popular lizards were captured by hikers and
other
 visitors to the island, who took them home and released them in their
gardens.
Line This is now a truly ubiquitous lizard; that is, it is now commonplace on all
the
(5) major Hawaiian Islands.

3. A "ubiquitous lizard" in Line 5 is one that

(A) is remarkably adaptable
(B) is quite colorful
(C) is found all over
(D) is able to escape and hide

PASSAGE QUESTION 4
Womens History Month had its origins as a national celebration in 1981
when
Congress passed Pub. L. 97-28 which authorized and requested the President to
proclaim the week beginning March 7, 1982 as "Women's History Week."
Through-
Line out the next five years, Congress continued to pass joint resolutions designating
(5) a week in March as Womens History Week. In 1987 after being petitioned by
the National Womens History Project, Congress passed Pub. L. 100-9 which
designated the month of March 1987 as Womens History Month. Between
1988
and 1994, Congress passed additional resolutions requesting and authorizing
the President to proclaim March of each year as Womens History Month. Since
(10) 1995, Presidents Clinton, Bush and Obama have issued a series of annual pro-
clamations designating the month of March as Womens History Month."

4. The word "beginning" in Line 3 could be best replaced by

(A) starting
(B) ending
(C) during
(D) finishing
 PASSAGE QUESTION 5
The administation of a college or university provides the governig
structure of
the institution. Although each institution organizes its administration differently,
nearly
all colleges and universities have a board of trustees, a president, at least one
vice
Line president, deans of various divisions, and a number of academic departments. In
(5) addition, state college and university systems are governed by state boards of
higher
education.

5. The word "various" in Line 4 has a close meaning with...?

(A) miscellaneous
(B) variety
(C) kinds
(D) difference