1

2
Read the text and circle the correct title.

A. The world cup B. The history of soccer C. The rules of rugby

The modern game of soccer began in England in the early 19th century. At that time,
there were many different versions of the game. For example, players at the famous
Rugby School could pick up the ball and run with it! These "Rugby rules" were popular
with many clubs. Other clubs, however, didn't allow players to use their hands.

In 1863, there was a meeting to decide the rules for the game. It ended in disaster. The
different football clubs couldn't agree! Clubs that preferred the "Rugby rules" left the
organization and later created the Rugby Football Union. The other clubs started the
Football Association. They called their game "Association Football" or "assoc." Finally,
"assoc." became "soccer."

Soccer quickly spread around the world. In 1930, teams from 13 countries took part in
the first World Cup, in Uruguay. Today, around 200 teams enter the competition, and
over 700 million people watch the final match! It seems nothing can stop the popularity
of "the beautiful game."

Put the letters in the correct order to make words, and then find them in the text

A. leusr________ B. cmtah_______ C. rpelya_______

D. emga________ E. meta________ F. bcul________

3
Match the words to the pictures

Write each word or phrase in the correct column

Ball stadium boots score captain referee pitch

whistle shoot goalkeeper kick changing rooms

People Equipment Places Actions

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

Complete the sentences with the words.

My favorite soccer ________________ is Real Madrid.

Yesterday I saw the _______________ between Chivas and America.

The best _________________ in the world is Chicharito.

There are 11 ________________ in a ________________.

The final game is in the Azteca ________________.

The ________________ can show you a warning yellow card.

The final ________________ was 0-0.

4
Speaking

Write about your favorite (soccer) team. Share your opinions

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________

What sports do you like? What sports you dont like? Why?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________

You are soccer narrators. In pairs, write and narrate a soccer match.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

__________________________

5
Read the next text and select the correct title.

A. Pele B. Lionel Messi C. Oliver Atom

His real name is Edson Arantes do Nascimento. When he was a child, his family was very
poor. He cleaned shoes for money. However, his love of soccer soon changed his life.
When he was 11, people started to notice his amazing skill. He joined Santos Soccer
Club when he was 15. His first professional game was in 1956. A year later, he played
for his country against Argentina. It was his first international game and he scored
Brazil's only goal! Now, everyone knew his name. He was famous around the world.

During his time with Santos, he became more and more successful. The club won many
national and international competitions. He also played 92 times for his country. He
helped to lead the Brazilian team to three World Cup wins in 1958, 1962, and 1970.

"It seems that God brought me to Earth with a mission to play soccer."

He left soccer in 1974, but the next year decided to play for the New York Cosmos, an
American team. His salary was $7 million. He now earned more than any sports star in
the world. His last game was on October 1, 1977, against his old club, Santos. In his
career, He played a total of 1,363 games and scored 1,281 goals.

After he became famous, he wrote several books about his life. He also appeared in
many movies. He wrote all the music for the movie about his life (1977). The next year,
he received the International Peace Award. Brazil's representative in the United Nations
said he believed that he helped international goodwill and friendship more than any
politician. In 2007, he received the FIFA Presidential Award for his life's work.

6
1) Read these questions and write your answers completely.
A. What job did Pel have as a child? ______________________________________
B. What club did he play for at the end of his career? _________________________
C. What award did he win in 2007? _______________________________________
D. How many goals did he score in his career? _______________________________
E. When did he play his first professional game? _____________________________

2) Number these events in Pel's life in the correct order. Explain why.

A. He played professional soccer for the last time. ____________________________

B. He won his first World Cup with his team. ________________________________
C. He stopped playing soccer in Brazil. _____________________________________
D. He started playing for Santos Soccer Club. _______________________________
E. He started playing soccer in the U.S. ____________________________________
F. He won the International Peace Award. __________________________________

3) Write T (true), F (false), or N (not in the text) for each statement. Explain why.

a) Pel scored more goals than any other player. ___________

b) He played soccer in the U.S. for three years. ____________
c) He wrote the music for all his movies. __________________
d) He was 17 when he played his first game for Brazil. _______
e) He was happier playing for Santos than for New York Cosmos. _________

4) Write about one soccer player that you know.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________

7
In pairs, talk about the similarities and differences. Who is the youngest? Who is young?
And younger?

Tiburcio Taquito Panchito

Unscramble the sentences

in / the / shop / most / bought / She / expensive

____________________________________________________________

store / the / Its / biggest

____________________________________________________________

more / Salma Hayek / beautiful / Emma Watson / than / is

____________________________________________________________

Messi / better / Cristiano Ronaldo / is / than / player

____________________________________________________________

older / Tiburcio / than / is / Taquito

____________________________________________________________

weaker / than / Panchito / is / Taquito

___________________________________________________________

Ferrari / than / is / faster / Honda

___________________________________________________________

8
Complete the sentences with the best option

1. Pel was___________ player to play in a World Cup final.

a) young b) younger c) youngest d) the youngest

2. We lost the match. Their team was_________ than we expected.

a) best b) the better c) more better d) better

3. Unfortunately, tickets are___________ this year than last year.

a) expensive b) the most expensive c) more expensive d) the expensive

4. Our goalkeeper is____________ player on the team. He's terrible!

a) worse b) the bad c) the worst d) worst

5. I hope we win. This is____________ match of the year.

a) the most important b) most important c) more important d) important

6. That was a difficult game. Last week's game was__________

a) most easier b) more easier c) an easier d) easier

7. It wasn't ____________ match, but at least we won!

a) the most interesting b) more interesting c) the interesting d) interesting

8. Summer is usually__________ time of year for soccer players in Europe.

a) busy b) busiest c) the busiest d) busiest

9
 Listen to the audio and circle the correct option.
(Audio 1)

a) The Olympics

b) Disabilities

c) The Paralympics

Did you know that athletes with disabilities have their own Olympic Games called the
Paralympics? There are 20 sports in the Summer Paralympics, and five in the Winter
Paralympics. They usually take place at the __________ time as the Olympics and are
organized in the same way.

The _____________ athletic competition for people with disabilities was in 1948. Sir
Ludwig Guttman, a doctor at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in the U.K., organized a
competition for patients. Patients from Holland joined in four years __________, and the
idea of a "Paralympics" _____________. These days games are enormous. At the
Beijing Paralympics in 2008, around 4,000 athletes from ___________ than 160
countries competed.

Thanks to the Paralympics, people with disabilities have a _____________ opportunity

to compete in sports. And don't _____________, disability sports are a serious
business. Wheelchair athlete Tanni Grey-Thompson trained six days a week, 50 weeks a
year ... and she ___________________ Paralympic gold medals!

10
Read the text and write the corresponding antonym.

a) remember d) tiny g) last

b) lost e) less h) terrible

c) earlier f) finished i) different

Write True, False or Not in the text. Explain why.

____ Athletes with disabilities have their own Olympic games

____ Paralympics only take place in summer

____ There are more than 15 sports in the summer Paralympics

____ Paralympics and Olympic games are very different

____ Paralympics are a very small competition

____ Tanni Grey-Thompson is a wheelchair athlete

____ Tanni Grey-Thompson won many gold, silver and gold medals

Write your opinion about the Paralympics.

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________

11
Get in pairs, and using Google, find the meaning of these words:

a) Disabilities _________________________________________________

b) Handicapped _______________________________________________

c) Mental issues _______________________________________________

d) Physical issues ______________________________________________

e) Weakness __________________________________________________

Get in pairs and take turns asking and answering a) and b) questions.

Questions student (a)

What are some types of disabilities?

Did you ever know someone with a disability?
What was it like to work/talk/play with them?
Were they smarter or less smart than yourself?
How would you feel to find out your best friend was _______? (Going blind, going
deaf, losing their legs, etc.)
How would you feel to find out you were _______? (going blind, going deaf, losing
their legs, etc.)
Do disabled people have anything of value to add to society?
If you see or meet a disabled person, what actions should you take?
What are ways that disabled people can compensate for their weakness?

Questions student (b)

Did you ever know someone with a disability?

What was it like to work/talk/play with them?
Were they smarter or less smart than yourself?
How would you feel to find out your best friend was _______? (going blind, going
deaf, losing their legs, etc.)
How would you feel to find out you were _______? (going blind, going deaf, losing
their legs, etc.)
Do disabled people have anything of value to add to society?
If you see or meet a disabled person, what actions should you take?
What are ways that disabled people can compensate for their weakness?

12
13
Read the next text and select the corresponding title of the Story

A) Bouncing Back B) Iron Man C) Cherry Darling

At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock

climbing accident. He became lost with
his friend Jeff Batzer on Mount
Washington, in New Hampshire, U.S.
The weather was terrible, with
temperatures below -20F. For four
days, the two men waited for help in the
snow and ice. They didnt have much
equipment or any food. When help
arrived, Hugh couldnt feel his legs. He
spent two months in the hospital and
finally lost both legs at the knee.
Doctors gave him two artificial legs, but
they were painful, and he couldnt
continue rock climbing.
But that didnt stop Hugh! He decided to
study mechanical engineering at
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT). He designed and made his own
artificial legs! He used springs because
they were more powerful. Now he could
continue his favorite sport. He found he
could climb even better than he could
before his accident, he also continued
his research at Harvard.

Today, Hugh is a professor at MIT and is

co-founder of iWalk, a company where
in 2007,

he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot
One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more
natural. For the first time, people with artificial legs can actually feel like theyre
walking. That year, Time magazine called it one of the best innovations of the
year, together with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the iPhone. Of course, Hugh
uses PowerFoot One himself!
Hughs invention is already making an enormous difference to the lives of people
with disabilities. "Once you get used to it, it feels like you have your leg back" said
Garth Stewart, a soldier who lost a leg in the Iraq war. Thanks to Hugh, people
like Garth can overcome their disabilities and enjoy a better quality of life.

14
 Write True or False for each statement. Explain why.

a. Hugh was a teenager when he lost his

legs.

b. He was in the hospital for three months

after the accident.

c. He didnt like the artificial legs doctors

gave him.

d. A friend at MIT designed some new legs

for him.

e. He continued rock climbing with his new

legs.

Answer completely the following questions.

a. Find two reasons why Hugh didnt like the artificial legs doctors gave him.
1.
______________________________________________________________________
________________
2.
______________________________________________________________________
________________
b. What did he decide to do after losing his legs?
________________________________________________
c. Why were his new legs so powerful?
________________________________________________________
d. Where did he continue his research?
________________________________________________________
e. Where does he work now?
________________________________________________________________
f. Whats the name of his company?
___________________________________________________________
g. What is PowerFoot One?
__________________________________________________________________
h. In what year did Time magazine name it one of the best innovations?
______________________________
I. Who is Garth Stewart?
____________________________________________________________________

15
With a partner, write three questions about the text. Then ask your questions to your
classmates.

Read the next text and complete the sentences

The Blade Runner

Oscar Pistorius was often called "the fastest man on no
legs." The South African was a 100-, 200-, and 400-
meter Paralympic world record runner. He used special
artificial running legs. They had long, light springs that
helped him to run fast. In fact, Oscar often ran against
many able-bodied athletes and won!
Oscars dream was to become the fastest sprinter in the
world. But for a while, the International Association of
Athletics Federation (IAAF) stopped Oscar from
competing against able-bodied athletes in international
competitions. They said that his spring legs gave him an
unfair advantage. In 2008, they told Oscar he couldn't
compete for the South African team in the Olympics that
year.
However, Oscar didnt give up. He argued that he ran
fast because he trained hard, not because of his artificial
legs. Finally, he won the argument, and the rules
changed! Now, Oscar hoped one day he could run in the
Olympics and tried to achieve his dream.

1) He ________________ fast because he _____________ hard.

2) He ______________ special artificial running legs.
3) IAAF _______________ Oscar from competing.
4) Oscar often __________ against many able-bodied athletes.
5) Oscar ______________ one day he could run.

16
17
RECOGNIZING PARTS OF SPEECH

A. Write if the words in italics are nouns, verbs, adverbs or adjectives.

1. The garden walls is made of rocks. _____________

2. My friend wasnt strong enough to lift his heavy rucksack. ____________

3. We had a breakfast at a caf near the rail station. __________

4. The water was very cold. ________

5. We left the mountain just before six in the morning. ___________

It is a word or phrase that names a person, place, thing, or idea

Noun
(Fred, New York, table, beauty, execution).
It is a word or combination of words that modifies a noun or
Adjective
pronoun (blue-green, central, half-baked, temporary).
It is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
Adverb (slowly, obstinately, much). E.g. in use, "I ran slowly" (slowly
modifies the verb 'ran'). I was very happy (very modifies happy).
Verb It is a word or phrase that expresses action (sing, walk, talk).

1. Write N (noun) or a (adjective) for each word.

a Confident _______ g Cook ______________

b Health _________ h Insurance __________

c Luxurious _______ i Reliable ____________

d Flexible ________ j Reliable ____________

e Instructor ______ k Hard-working ________

f Qualified _______ l Well-dressed __________

18
Listen to the audio and complete the chart. (Audio 2)

Story 1

Story 2

19
 Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs

Decide which part of speech are underline words (adjective, noun, verb or adverb)

1. We had a breakfast at a caf near the rail station. ______________

2. I want to go now. _____________

3. Please turn on the light. ________________

4. Parents should limit the amount of television their children watch. __________

5. Please light the candles on the birthday cake. _______________

6. The dress was expensive; still I bought it. _________________

7. Jasmines are white color. _____________________________

8. Her credit limit it $5,000. _____________________________

9. She went to the market to buy some vegetables. _________________

10. He did well on the test. ____________________________

20
Interview
Interview the person next to you and find out about her/his preferences about finding a
job away from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.

What's your ideal weather?

70 degrees Fahrenheit, year round.

Tropical climate.

Four distinct seasons per year.

What type of environment do you most want to live in?

City.

Beach.

Mountain.

Island.

What will your monthly budget be?

Less than $1,200.

Between $1,200 and $2,500.

More Than $2,500.

Is it important for you to be near a major hospital?

Yes.

No.

Which of these statements most applies to your language ability?

I only want to speak Spanish.

I'm willing to speak a little English.

I'm happy to try any language.

21
How close to Mexico do you need to be?

Driving distance.

Less than a 5-hour flight.

Between a 5 and 10-hour flight.

More than 10 hours away is fine.

Is access to high speed internet important to you?

Yes.

No.

How much time will you spend overseas?

Less than 3 months.

Between 3 months and 6 months.

Full-time.

22
Match the picture to its name.

SKI INSTRUCTOR HOTEL STAFF VOLUNTEER IN WORK IN A CRUISE

AFRICA SHIP

23
Understanding the Text

____________________ _____________________

Salary: $300 per week Salary: $400 per week

Location: Pacific Ocean Location: New Zealand
Start date: June 1 Start date: May 1
End date: September 30 End date: October 30
Minimum 18 Minimum 21
age: age:

Details: Are you healthy and hard-
working? Can you cook? Come and
work for Star Line! We are the biggest
and best company for people wanting
work on cruise ships. This summer,
we need cooks on Princess of the
Pacific, one of our newest and most
luxurious ships. You must be flexible
and ready to work long hours. Salary
includes accommodations (shared with
five others) and all food.
Details: The Meridian Hotel is a top hotel
in the center of Auckland. We are looking
for experienced waiters. You should be
well-dressed and reliable. You must be
available for work six days a week, from
6:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. You can also
earn more money by working evenings.
Staff can take one full free day per week.
Single room in the hotel, plus all meals
includes.

______________________ ________________________

Salary: $800 per week Salary: ----------

Location: Switzerland Location: Senegal, Africa
Start date: November 20 Start date: July 1
End date: May 10 End date: July 1
Minimum 25 Minimum 16
age: age:

Details: A popular resort in Elm, near Details: Aid Abroad is an international

Zurich, requires a confident and organization that helps people in the
friendly ski instructor. You must be developing world. This is your chance to
able to teach children as well as help build a new hospital in Senegal.
adults. Return flights, health Accommodations (shared),
insurance, ski equipment, and private transportation (including flight), food,
apartment included. More money may and health insurance are all included.
be available for the right person. Only Work with other volunteers from around
qualified and experienced ski the world .Help make the world a better
instructors, please. place (we ask all volunteers to pay
$1,200 to help with the cost of flights,
food etc.).

24
Understanding the text

Read the questions and write your answers.

a. Which job offers a private apartment? ________________

b. Where is the Meridian Hotel? _______________________

c. For how many months can you work as a cook for Star Line?
___________________________________________

d. What is the only work available for a 17-year-old?

____________________________________________

e. What is the name of the cruise ship?

_________________________________________________

Choose the correct answer to each question.

a. How much do you have to pay per week to be a volunteer in Africa?

1. $300 2. $400 3. $1,200 4. Nothing

b. How many people share the same accommodations on the cruise ship?

1. Four 2. Six 3. Five 4. One

c. Which job does not include food?

1. Cook 2. Ski instructor 3. Waiter 4. Volunteer in Africa

d. In which country can you help build the hospital?

1. Switzerland 2. Senegal 3. New Zealand 4. The U.S

e. How many hours per week must waiters be available to work at the Meridian Hotel?

1. 35 2. 45 3.40 4. 54

25
 Write about which job you would like to have and which one wouldnt like. Why? Who
not?

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________

MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS

Auxiliary Are used in conjunction with main

Verbs or verbs to express shades of time and
Helping mood.
Verbs

Will Shall May

Might Can Could
Must Ought to Should
Would Used to Need

Shall, will and forms of have, do and be combine with main verbs to indicate time and
voice. As auxiliaries, the verbs be, have and do can change form to indicate changes in
subject and time.

I shall go now.
He had won the election.
They did write that novel together.
I am going now.
He was winning the election.
They have been writing that novel for a long time.

26
The modal auxiliary can is used to express ability (in the sense of being able to do
something or knowing how to do something). To expression permission (in the sense of
being allowed or permitted to do something) or to express theoretical possibility.

The modal auxiliary could is used to express an ability in the past, to express past or
future permission, to express present possibility. To express possibility or ability in
contingent circumstances.

Can you cook? (ability)

You should be well-dressed and (obligation)
reliable
You should apply for the job soon (recommendation)
More money may be available for (possibility)
the right person
You must be able to each children (necessity)

Study the examples, and then choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1 5 I have all the right

Naoko got the job because
qualifications, but I didnt get
she ______ speak English
the job. I ____ understand it.
well.
a shouldnt
a can
b cant
b should
c must not
c may
d may not
d must
2 Helen ______ go to 6 Its a big decision, so you
Mexico for her gap year, ____ think carefully before
but she is not sure. you take a gap year.
a must a can
b can b cant
c may c should
d should d shouldnt

3 Applicants for the job 7 There were a lot of people at

_____ be qualified and the interview, so I ____ get
very experienced. the job.
a may a shouldnt
b may not b cant
c should c may not
d shouldnt d must not

4 You _____ be able to 8 You wont be able to travel

work hard and learn without your passport. You
quickly. Its essential. ____ forget it!
a can a may not
b cant b cant
c must c shouldnt
d must not d must not

27
TALK ABOUT IT

With a partner answer these questions

Is it a good idea to take a gap year?

Would you like to work abroad?
Do you think it is easy to get a job in another country?

Unusual Occupations

Read the following text and ask the questions

New Zealand is
becoming an
increasingly popular
destination for
overseas visitors. It
attracts tourists and
people on business,
but the vast majority
come as students.
Mostly from Asian
countries, they stay
for anything from a
few weeks to a few
years or more,
studying at language
schools, colleges and
universities. New
Zealand can offer
good homestay
accommodation, a
clean and beautiful
environment and a
reasonable cost of
tuition. These factors
attract an ever-
increasing number of
overseas students,
accounting for
millions of dollars in
revenue for New
Zealand.

28
 It refers to They refers to These factors refers to

a) Overseas a) Asian countries a) Accommodation,

b) New Zealand b) Tourists and buses environment and reasonable
c) Popular people tuition costs.
destination c) Students b) Schools, colleges,
universities.
c) Increasing overseas
students.

Words that refer back to a previous word or phrase

but without repeating it. Reference words are very
common many reading texts and can often cause
Reference
some confusion. An important part of understanding a
words
text is being able to identify the reference words and
their relationship to other words, phrases or
sentences.

Be careful reference words

can change depending on
whether they are the subject or
the object of the sentence.

They often find university

courses difficult.
Overseas students often find university
courses difficult.
Overseas students often find
them difficult.

He works with Mr. Jones every

day.
Mr. Smith works with Mr. Jones every
day.
Mr. Smith works with him every
day.

Read this paragraph and write the words that tell you...

a) Samantha is in the living

room.
b) Kenji was hot
c) Kenji was very tired.

Kenji came into the room. Samantha was sitting on the sofa watching television.
She looked at Kenji. His face was red and she was sweating. Slowly, Kenji sat
down in a chair. He took off his shoes. Oh! he said. My feet!

29
SUFFIXES

A. Add a suffix to each word

-y -ly -ful -ous -ment -ance -or

a) Use b) Inform c) Normal ______ d) Health ______

______ ______
e) Danger f) Visit ______ g) Excite ______ h) Perform ______
______

Suffixes are word endings that add a certain meaning to the word.

1. Complete these texts with the words above.

A day in the life of

Marco Vasquez, forensic scientist, Brazil
I help the police to find the bad guys! I take photographs and study things
like hair, clothes, and shoes. I try to find a
______________________________that will be b ________________, and
then I write a report. Its not a c _______________________job. Its very
safe, and d _______________its. Very different from the shows you see on
TV!

Junko Hayashi, zookeeper, Japan

I prepare food for the animals here. I also check that they are e
____________________________. Sometimes when a f
________________________ has a question, I try to help. There is always a
lot of g _____________________ about the sea lion h
_________________________. It starts at 2:00p.m. Thats my favorite part
of the day!

30
Get in pairs and look at the pictures and guess and match what every job is about.

i. Horse semen extractor

ii. High tension electricity maintenance
iii. Deodorant tester
iv. Zoo keeper elephant birth helper
v. Sewer cleaner

Get in pairs and discuss these questions about the worst jobs of the world

Would you like to have one of these jobs? Why? / Why not?

Is it necessary that people do these jobs?

What do you think is the worst?

Do you know any other unusual job?

31
Would you like to have one of these jobs? Why? / Why not?

Is it necessary that people do these jobs?

What do you think is the worst?

Do you know any other unusual job?

LIFE AS A RODEO CLOWN

Analyze and discuss in pairs the following vocabulary:

Wig noun

A cover of artificial hair that you

wear on your head.

Risk your life phrase

To put yourself in a situation in

which you could get killed.

Injury noun

Physical harm.

Barrel noun

A large round container with a flat

top and bottom.

Distract verb

To get someones attention and

preventing them from concentrating
on something.

32
Life as a rodeo clown, listening activity

UNDERSTANDING THE AUDIO (Audio 3)

1 Write T (true), F (False) or N (not in the audio) for each statement.

a) There arent many bull riding competitions in the U.S. ( )

b) A rodeo clown can easily get injured. ( )
c) You have to be well-qualified to be a rodeo clown ( )
d) It looks fun, but its a hard job. ( )
e) Rodeos are becoming less popular in the U.S. ( )

2 Find

a) the most dangerous job for a rodeo clown.

_______________________________________________________

b) two important thins a rodeo clown should do.

2________________________________________________________

c) three ways rodeo clowns change their appearances t look like clowns.

1________________________________________________________

2________________________________________________________

3________________________________________________________

d) two types of rodeo clown.

1________________________________________________________

2________________________________________________________

d) two ways rodeo clowns try to distract bulls.

1)________________________________________________________

2)________________________________________________________

33
 3 What is the difference between a bull fighting clown and the other rodeo clowns?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________

LISTENING SKILL: Identifying reference words

1 Listen again to the rodeo clown audio.

Who or what do the words in italics refer to?

a) There are over 650 of these all over the U.S.

_________________________________________________________________

b) Their job also has a serious side.

_________________________________________

c) Clowns try to protect them.

________________________________________________

d) When the bull runs at him.

_________________________________________________

e) This is the most dangerous job.

_____________________________________________

f) Sometimes even jumps on its back.

_________________________________________

Secret shoppers

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Do you know what a secret shopper is? Secret shoppers
go shopping in stores but they arent real shoppers: they
work for the store owners! 1) Their job is to check
standards. They check that workers 2) there are friendly
and helpful. They check that the stores are clean. They
make a list of any problems they find and they write
reports. They send 3) them to the store owners. Large
companies often use 3) them to study the performance of
4) their stores and their workers. Many websites offer the
chance to be a secret shopper but be careful! Some of
5) these ask for a registration fee, and you even lose
money. You can, however, contact companies directly and
offer to be a secret shopper.

1______________________________________________

2______________________________________________

3______________________________________________

4______________________________________________
Fill the gaps with the correct pronouns.

Once upon a time there was a girl called Little Red Riding Hood.
Together with ________mum, _______ lived in a big forest.
One fine day, Little Red Riding Hoods mother said, _______ grandma is ill.
Please go and take this cake and a bottle of wine to _____. Grandmas house is
not too far from ______ house, but always keep to the path and dont stop!
So, Little Red Riding Hood made ______ way to Grandmas house.
In the forest _______ met the big bad wolf.
Little Red Riding Hood greeted and the wolf asked:
Where are ______ going, Little Red Riding Hood?
To grandmas house. answered Little Red Riding Hood.
Can you tell _____ where grandma lives?
_____ lives in a little cottage at the edge of the forest.
Why dont_______ pick some nice flowers for ______ ? asked the wolf.
Thats a good idea. said Little Red Riding Hood and began looking for flowers.
Meanwhile, the wolf was on _______ way to grandmas house.
The house was quite small but nice and _______ roof was
made out of straw.
The wolf went inside and swallowed poor old Grandma. After
that ______ put Grandmas clothes on and lay down in bed.

35
 she you our
they her your
her she His
he Her its
her me her

Listen to the audio and fill up the blanks in the conversation. (Audio 4)

ALFIES NEW BIKE

Alfie's got a new bike and invites Oliver and Daisy to go out for a ride. Sophie is working
in Istanbul.

Oliver Hey Alfie how are things?

Alfie: Cool great you? What are you up to?
Oliver Me? Not too much Im just sitting here whit a coffee and the laptop.
Alfie: Are ______ doing that project Dr. Taylor gave ______, an analysis of
motivations in...
Oliver No Im reading the newspaper on ______ politics the world economy.
Alfie: Oh right the football results.
Oliver International relations, but on a football pitch! Anyway, what can ______ do
for ______?
Alfie: Well I got a new bike; my uncle bought ______ for ______. Its my birthday
present.
Oliver: Wow! Did you tell ______ hes more than 6 months late?
Alfie: No Im not complaining a presents a present, and its a nice bike. ______ got
me a helmet too, and Ive got some cool cycling gloves well. The man in the
shop gave ______ them free. So, why dont ______ come around with yours
and we can take ______ for a ride?

36
Oliver The gloves?
Alfie: Ha ha. The bikes... take the bikes for a ride. See if Daisy wants to bring ______
too.
Oliver: Daisys out with a new friend of ______, Amy. Hang on. Mums calling. Shes in
Turkey. Let me talk to ______ and Ill call you back.
Alfie: Ok, say hi to ______ for me.
Oliver: I will do Hi mum
Sophie Honey Hi
:
Oliver: How is Istanbul?
Sophie I love it
:
Oliver: But you love everywhere you go!
Sophie True! But seriously, its great fun youd love it. All the different meze at
: lunch, oh the colors, and ______ bring you lots and you choose which ones you
want. Look here is a photo!
Oliver: Oh wow!
Sophie And Ive been to the Blue Mosque, the Hagia Sofia of course, with my name!
: Um... the Topkapi Palace... Thats what you can see behind ______. Oh, and
Im going on a night cruise on the Bosphorus tonight. Its really an amazing
city, modern but traditional, full of culture and color and...
Oliver: So take me there. Or take ______. Daisy like too, wouldnt ______?
Sophie ______ would yes, Im sure
:
Oliver: And have ______ been to a Turkish Bath yet?
Mum: Yes, a hammam. I went to one yesterday. I love it! Now, the taxis there
______ drive a bit different from ours back in Britain. Theyre a bit scary!
Anyway, love, Ive got to go. Hows Daisy? Give ______ my love!
Oliver: Ok, Mum. Bye. Hi, its ______ again. So tell ______ about this bike of ______,
is it anything like mine?

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