NIM : 16/396925/BI/09683
ENGLISH TASK
PESTICIDES MAY BE HARMFUL TO ANIMALS EVEN AT SAFE LEVELS
B. Short Summary
Paracelsus recognised that all thing is actually poison, but dose is the only thing that
restrict them. Some compounds can be helpful at low level but it can be hazardous in high
level ones, even the water can be poisoning, and radiation can be safe in certain dose. Since
then the modern toxicologists job is to find that line, and the governments job to put the
limit on exposure. But for some substances may be banned since the balance safe and
deadly range may not clearly recognised. This case is also believed in one set of pesticides
named neonicotinoids.
Even so according to Oosthoek, even the pesticide used at a level that is stated
safe, there may have impact to wild life. The accumulation of pesticides may killed some
species, This thing is supported by the amount of wildlife animal that living in the highly
contaminated stream is less than uncontaminated stream area.
(Source: http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/smartnews/2013/06/pesticides-may-be-
harmful-to-animals-even-at-safe-levels/)
Name : Finandya Fatihasari
NIM : 16/396925/BI/09683
ENGLISH TASK
VERTEBRATES
1. The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is part of the axial
skeleton. The vertebral column is the defining characteristic of a vertebrate
Protect the spinal nerve
Maintain the shape of body
2. Bone is less flexible than cartilage but stronger. An endoskeleton made of bone
rather than cartilage allows animals to grow larger and heavier. Bone also provides
more protection for soft tissues and internal organs.
3. The nervous system consists of a brain in the head region. It also includes a long
spinal cord that runs from the brain to the tail end of the backbone. Long nerve
fibers extend from the spinal cord
The spesial feature that all vertebrates have is vertebral column, or backbone. The
backbone is repetation of vertebrae that take part of holding shape of the body and
protects the spinal cord. The backbone runs from head to tail along dorsal. In many spesies
there are shock-absorbing discs between vertebrae that helps to cushion during movement
C. Make a short summary of the above text (max. 150 words). Make sure you include all
important elements and key terms of the subject matter
Vertebrates are chordata that have several special features like they have column or
backbone. The backbone is repetation of vertebrae that take part of holding shape of the
body and protects the spinal cord. Another special feature that vertebrates have is
endoskeleton that made up by bone and cartilage. It helps animal to protect their internal
organs and soft tissues.
Beside the special features that help to distinguish vertebrate, there are also several traits
that helps to helps the vertebrates to life like muscle system that helps vertebrates to
move, closed circulatory system with a heart to transport oxigen, excretory system that
helps to filter waste from blood, endocrine system as hormon secretery to produce hormon.