(In) A (a) place filled with melancholy, you look around

and only unfamiliar and (the and should go before the last
item in a list e.g. unfamiliar, lugubrious, and greyish)
lugubrious, greyish people catch your tired eyes; It (lower
case when you start a new sentence after a semicolon) is
Chekhovs piece of art that you are wandering in. Perusing
Anthon Chekhovs short stories, one can realize the
distinctive features that are portrayed (might be better just
to say realize their distinctiveness in order to avoid faulty
comparison) in comparison to other utterly mundane
Victorian fictions. The author himself (don't really need
this reflexive pronoun here), being a poet of hopelessness,
gravity and sadness, stretches his ideas into a harmony of
realistic art, intrigues (leads might be a better verb here,
intrigue into is unidiomatic) people deeply into the internal
cave of concealed ideas with exceptional gravity and
humor. His level of rich expressions with cynical laughter
towards human nature and behavior, modern psychological
realism, (the subject of the sentence here could be tidied up
a little -- e.g. His rich expression, cynical laughter and
modern psychological realism) nevertheless astonished
(have astonished) people, making his works pivotal literary
(literary should be taken out) in European fiction. His
deliberate (deliberately, since this word modifies
inconclusive) inconclusive plots ultimately emphasize
realism in human life having neither definite start nor end.
In most of his works including The Lady With The Little
Dog and The Grasshopper, (commas go inside quotation
marks) Chekhov uses his astonishing talent of (and instead
of of) psychological insight to illustrate the tension of
external and internal aspects of human life.

In most of Chekhovs works, he emphasizes the metaphor

of shell into (as it applies to, with respect to instead of
into) the characters. He demonstrates the shell into (take
into out) which covers a persons true inner quality and
only portrays the beautiful and gratifying exterior covers
(you might need to rephrase this, since it sounds like you're
saying Chekhov only portrays the exterior -- e.g. the "shell"
which covers a person's true inner quality with a beautiful
and gratifying exterior cover). Both The Grasshopper
and The Lady With The Little Dog is (are) an (no article)
apotheosis (apotheoses, plural) of stories that are portrayed
with characters dealing with interior and exterior shells.
However, They (lower case) are distinctive as The
Grasshopper deals with two unbridgeable features of
characters where no attempt to agree with each other is
taken creating only conflict (characters who make no
attempt to agree with each other) , whereas The Lady
With The Little Dog deals with two characters who both
has (have) each of (each of can be taken out) exterior and
interior lives that they attempt to resolve. (this is very
good) The Grasshopper portrays a conflict of (between)
two different characters, implying (the) significance of two
different (replace two different with the) exterior cover and
interior cover. Chekhov displays Olga as an exterior person
who lays her importance on things that are visually
portrayed to other people. He displays her as an art lover,
who loves and enjoys the beauty of the (no article here) art,
appreciating fancy decorations and compositions, only in
an extent (to the extent) of a (an) exterior level, where
(because) she isnt a connoisseur that (who) analyses deep
into the world of art (analyzes art deeply). Further more
(furthermore), the relationships that she makes are shown
(shown to be) shallow like her habitual behavior of
enjoying objects and moving to look for other objects when
she looses (loses) her interest in (take in out). Not only she
is shown as (as someone) that (who) she (take she out)
appreciates (the) exterior beauty of objects, she is also
described as one, a charming object with a graceful dress,
without any allure in the interior. The artists enjoy her, as
an object source of inspiration, and when her exterior
beauty is drawn on the canvas, she is no longer useful with
her same, mundane exterior beauty. Contrasting to Olgas
characteristics (in contrast to Olga, to avoid faulty
comparison), her husband is portrayed as a representative
of a typical interior person who the readers have to
comprehend his internal self rather than exteriorly, and
notice the true quality of his personality (whom the readers
have to see from the interior in order to understand the true
quality of his personality). He has a (the) job of doctor, of
an intensely interior job, where he has to go into the interior
body of the patient. Disparate to (Unlike) the job of (an)
artist where the emphasis is on portraying the (no article
here) exterior beauty, the job of the doctor is where the
exterior part of the people are concealed with a mask on
their face (the job of a doctor is one in which the exterior of
a person is concealed rather than revealed -- this is a good
observation). He has the type of personality where his
beauty in concealed within his interior personality. They
(need to specify who) are perfectly in the position of where
What one lacks, the other has in excess, and a strange
sterility dominates at the center of their family life as
Carol Apollonio stated in the article essay (article or essay,
not both) Scenic Storytelling in Chekhovs
Grasshopper.

The Lady with the little Dog, portrays the conflicts that
the two character (characters) faces (face) against the will
(in trying instead of against the will) to live their concealed
inner romantic life. The two characters are both restricted
by their (the) meaningless lives there (they) are in, by
(with) their wife, husband, and children (spouses and
children). Their (The) interior lives that they crave are
unfortunately opposite of (in conflict with instead of
opposite of) the needs of people around them who only
need the exterior part of their lives, which diminishes
(discourages) them to (from) live (living) with honesty in
(about) their emotions. Their split of (take of out) lifestyle
of exterior and interior were (is) born within the tiredness
that they feel towards the their distorted life with no quality
of interior beauty. Gurov was a man of insincere serial
adulterer, perceiving life and people around him as dull,
viewing by the exterior surface. (Gurov in the past is an
insincere man and a serial adulterer who perceives life and
the people around him as dull because he sees only their
exterior surfaces)