MASONRY

Masonry refers to the structured construction of wall and important features of a building
through the use of mortar and bond materials. Materials- such as bricks, granite, glass, concrete
block, stucco, marble, stone and travertine- are used in installing panels and in ornamental
designs by laying masonry units in specific patterns. These units can be reinforced through the
use of steel (rebar) units to strengthen structures. The use of masonry units in a building should
conform to the prescribed requirements of the 2003 International Building Code.

Types of stones and patterns

Rubble is a broken stone of irregular size, shape and

texture. This word is derived from rubbish, which means
trash a garbage. Rubble, is naturally found in the soil, is
known also as brash (compare cornbrash). Where
present, it becomes noticeable when the land is ploughed or
worked.

Ashlar Masonry with the use of dressed or

cut stones laid in parallel courses is known as ashlar
masonry. Whereas masonry with the use of
irregularly shaped stones is known as rubble
masonry. Ashlar blocks are rectangular cuboid blocks
that are masonry sculpted. They have square edges
and smooth faces.
 Random Ashlar is an arrangement of stones in various
sizes. They are used to make courses that are not continuous
for the whole length of the wall. However, the course has a
formal appearance.

Brick denotes a solid rectangular masonry unit formed in a

plastic state from clay and shale.

Types of Bricks
Common Bricks are made from clay and sold in the market. They are sometimes called rustic,
with roughly finished appearance.

Face Bricks are used for extension and interior, and other architecture structures.

Calcium Silicate Bricks are made with alumina and silica. They are used for furnaces and
other structures that require higher temperature up to 178 degree Celcius.

Brick Laying Patterns

Bricks are laid horizontal or vertical layer with a string or nylon cord as guide. The vertical layer
of bricks is guided by a plumb line wherein the mortar, having a thickness of 3-10mm, is place
between layers.
 Running
Running English

Common Dutch

Garden Wall Flemish

Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB)

CHB are widely used in the basic construction of many buildings because of its low cost and
durability. The blocks are easily painted and cleaned, and require little upkeep. Because of its
relatively large size, buildings constructed of concrete blocks are more quickly than brick
structures.
 Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Calauan Campus
Calauan, Laguna

WRITTEN REPORT
In partial fulfillment of the requirement in
BTED 3163
Industrial Technology

Prepared by:

Bregala, Ma. Judy Ann

Formento, Nina Verginia
Olazo, Edgar Jr.
Sandoval, Ara Nia

Bachelor in Business Teacher Education III-2

 Submitted To:

Mr. Myrold S. Gonzales

BTED 3163 Instructor

SEPTEMBER 2017