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CLIMATE

1. We can divide the Earth into five climatic zones. Look at the map. Which zone is Romania
in? Read and listen to the text to find out what this means.

Climate is the usual type of weather in a place. For example, the climate in India is hot and
the climate in Greenland is very cold. Climate affects the way people dress, work, build
houses and enjoy their free time.
The two polar zones: Arctic and Antarctic
There are only two seasons in the polar zones: a very long winter with temperatures below -30
C, and a short summer with temperatures of a few degrees above zero. Temperatures go down
when you move away from the equator, and the polar zones are very far from the equator, so it
is always extremely cold. During the summer the sun shines all day long but it doesnt come
up at all during the winter. The land in the polar zones is always covered with snow.
The two temperate zones: North Temperate Zone and South Temperate Zone
The North and South Temperate Zones have four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and
winter. In these zones the temperatures are never too hot or too cold, and there is a moderate
amount of rainfall, However, there are climatic differences between the temperate zones.
The Tropical Zone
In this zone, night and day both last about twelve hours each. At this latitude the suns rays
fall at a 90 angle all year long and the temperature is always quite high. At the equator it rains
almost every day. As you move north or south it rains less, but it is always hot.
Local climate
Climate also varies locally. This can be because of the following:

1. altitude: temperatures go down when


you move higher

2. winds: when winds come from a hot area


temperatures go up, when winds come from a
cold area temperatures go down.

4. exposure to
the sun: for
example,
mountains that
face the sun are
warmer than
those that are
3. distance from the sea: lands heats and cools not.
faster than the sea; on the coast winters are mild
and summers are warm; inland winters are cold
and summers are hot.

Comprehension check
2. Choose the correct answer A or B?
1. Climate is
A. the general weather of a place B. the weather on a particular day

2. The polar zones


A. have one cold season B. are far from the equator
3. There are four seasons in the
A. polar zones B. the temperate zones
4. There is a lot of rain in the
A. tropical zones B. temperate zones
5. Summers in areas near the coast are usually
A. cool B. warm

3. Write the names of the country under the correct climate zone. One is done for you.
Iceland, Venezuela, Nigeria, Italy, New Zealand, Ecuador, Great Britain, Australia,
Greenland, Madagascar, China, Spain, Russia, Panama, Turkey
POLAR ZONES TEMPERATE ZONES TROPICAL ZONES
Italy

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