TI LIU THAM KHO

Theo dc th quc gia

Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol):Chc nng sinh hc chnh ca vitamin D l duy tr nng
calci v phospho bnh thng trong huyt tng bng tng hiu qu hp thu cc cht khong t
khu phn n, rut non, v tng huy ng calci v phospho t xng vo mu. Cc dng hot
ng ca ergocalciferol v colecalciferol c th c tc dng phn hi m tnh i vi s to thnh
hormon cn gip (PTH).
Vitamin E: Ngoi vic lm mt cc triu chng thiu vitamin E, vitamin E cn c s dng
lm cht chng oxy ha m v mt l thuyt c th do mt trong cc c ch tc dng sau:Ngn
cn oxy ha cc thnh phn thit yu trong t bo; ngn cn to thnh cc sn phm oxy ha c
hi, v d cc sn phm peroxy ha do chuyn ha cc acid bo cha bo ha; phn ng vi cc
gc t do (nguyn nhn gy tn hi mng t bo do oxy ha), m khng to ra cc gc t do khc
trong qu trnh .
Vitamin K: Vitamin K l mt thnh phn quan trng ca h enzym gan tng hp ra cc yu
t ng mu nh prothrombin (yu t II), cc yu t VII, IX v X, v cc protein C v protein S.
Vitamin C: Vitamin C cn cho s to thnh colagen, tu sa m trong c th v tham gia trong
mt s phn ng oxy ha - kh. Vitamin C tham gia trong chuyn ha phenylalanin, tyrosin, acid
folic, norepinephrin, histamin, st, v mt s h thng enzym chuyn ha thuc, trong s dng
carbohydrat, trong tng hp lipid v protein, trong chc nng min dch, trong khng vi nhim
khun, trong gi gn s ton vn ca mch mu v trong h hp t bo. Thiu ht vitamin C dn
n bnh scorbut, trong c s sai st tng hp colagen vi biu hin l khng lnh vt thng,
khim khuyt v cu to rng, v mao mch gy nhiu m xut huyt, m bm mu, chy mu
di da v nim mc (thng l chy mu li). Dng vitamin C lm mt hon ton cc triu chng
thiu ht vitamin C.
Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Thiamin pyrophosphat, dng thiamin c hot tnh sinh l, l
coenzym chuyn ha carbohydrat lm nhim v kh carboxyl ca cc alpha - cetoacid nh pyruvat
v alpha - cetoglutarat v trong vic s dng pentose trong chu trnh hexose monophosphat. Thiu
ht thiamin dn n tch ly acid pyruvic v acid lactic trong m.
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): c bin i thnh flavin mononucleotide (FMN) v sau thnh
flavin adenine dinucleotid (FAD), l cc dng c hot tnh v ng vai tr nh mt coezym trong
chui h hp v s phosphoryl oxy ha. Niacinamid (nicotinamid) c bin i trong c th
thnh Nicotinamid adenine dinucleotid (NAD) v Nicotinamid adenine dinucleotid phosphate
(NADP) lin quan n cc ph ng chuyn in t trong chui h hp.
Pyridoxin (Vitamin B6): c chuyn ha thnh Pyridoxal phosphate l mt coenzyme ca
nhiu s chuyn ha.
Vitamin B12: Hai dng vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin v hydroxocobalamin u c tc dng
to mu. Trong c th ngi, cc cobalamin ny to thnh cc coenzym hot ng l
methylcobalamin v 5 - deoxyadenosylcobalamin rt cn thit cho t bo sao chp v tng
trng.Methylcobalamin rt cn to methionin v dn cht l S- adenosylmethionin t
homocystein.
Ngoi ra, khi nng vitamin B12 khng s gy ra suy gim chc nng ca mt s dng
acid folic cn thit khc trong t bo. Bt thng huyt hc cc ngi bnh thiu vitamin B12
l do qu trnh ny. 5 - deoxyadenosylcobalamin rt cn cho s ng phn ha, chuyn L -
methylmalonyl CoA thnh succinyl CoA. Vitamin B12 rt cn thit cho tt c cc m c tc
sinh trng t bo mnh nh cc m to mu, rut non, t cung. Thiu vitamin B12 cng gy hy
myelin si thn kinh.
Niacinamide: Trong c th, nicotinamid c to thnh t acid nicotinic. Thm vo , mt
phn tryptophan trong thc n c oxy ha to thnh acid nicotinic v sau thnh nicotinamid.
Nicotinamid v acid nicotinic l vitamin nhm B, tan trong nc, c trong nhiu thc phm nh
nm men, tht, c, sa, trng, rau xanh, v cc ht ng cc; tuy nhin, mt s lng nh vitamin
ny trong ng cc tn ti dng kh hp thu. Nicotinamid v acid nicotinic c trn th trng l
nhng ch phm c tng hp bng ha hc.

Theo t in bch khoa dc hc

Folate (Folic acid): Acid folic l vitamin thuc nhm B. Trong c th, n c kh thnh
tetrahydrofolat l coenzym ca nhiu qu trnh chuyn ha trong c tng hp cc nucleotid c
nhn purin hoc pyrimidin; do vy nh hng ln tng hp DNA. Khi c vitamin C, acid folic
c chuyn thnh leucovorin l cht cn thit cho s tng hp DNA v RNA. Acid folic l yu
t khng th thiu c cho tng hp nucleoprotein v to hng cu bnh thng; thiu acid folic
gy ra thiu mu nguyn hng cu khng l ging nh thiu mu do thiu vitamin B12. Acid folic
cng tham gia vo mt s bin i acid amin, vo s to thnh v s dng format.
Biotin: Biotin l mt vitamin cn thit cho s hot ng ca cc enzym chuyn vn cc n
v carboxyl v gn carbon dioxyd v cn cho nhiu chc nng chuyn ha, bao gm tn to glucose,
to lipid, sinh tng hp acid bo, chuyn ha propionat v d ha acid amin c mch nhnh.
Cc nguyn t vi lng thng thng c ly t mt ba n cn bng, nhng nhu cu tng
ln trong trng hp tng d ho (th d nh do phu thut, a chn thng, bng), cung cp khng
y hoc tht thot bt thng v trong nhng trng hp km hp thu.

Thnh phn cu to theo cng thc tt cho ngi b to bn, tiu chy:
- T l thnh phn sinh nng lng (%): Protein:Fat:Carbohydrate = 16:27:57
- Nng lng: 1.5 kcal/mL
- p sut thm thu: 460 mOsm/kg.H2O
- Dng cht chng oxi ha c b sung:
o Vitamin C, Vitamin E
o L-carnitine: 25 mg
- Du MCT: 1 780 mg