In this study, the researchers determined the " Overcoming lack of confidence over
competitor to gain unique change in Daet ." As shown in the paradigm there are (3) components
which are input, process and output. Conceptual framework comprises of the respondents in
terms of age, sex, civil status, occupation/position and monthly income. Self-confidence of
entrepreneur over competitor in business and the difficulties encountered by the business owner's
confidence with regards to the formulation of " Overcoming lack of confidence over competitor
The process used by the researchers includes formulating questionnaire, data gathering,
organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting the data gathered which help to determine the
The output is the product of the accomplishment which can refers to the positive or negative
result of entrepreneur. In this research, the output is the measures to strengthen the self-
confidence of entrepreneur.
Feedback mechanism determines whether the expected output was obtained and it looks back
until system meets the desired output. This shows the success and failure of the system.
Chapter 2
Related Literature
This chapter presented the researcher obtained related literatures, and studies which started
concepts, ideas, discussion and findings relevant to the main theme of this present study which
was centered by overcoming lack of confidence over competitors to gain unique change. Related
Literature The following were the researcher's gathered related literatures which posed
Albert Bandura (1994) in his article asserts that, in a responsive environment that rewards
performance achievement, the outcomes people expect depend heavily on their self-confidence
that they can perform the skill. However, in an environment in which outcomes are fixed at a
minimum level of performance or in which a social condition restricts people's ability to perform
successfully or control their circumstances, outcomes and confidence expectation would not be
casually linked. For instance, people who believe that their physical health is personally
determined but find it is failing despite their efforts to improve it would experience low self-
confidence.
According to Linda Ugelow (2016) , when you are confident in your abilities you are
happier due to your successes. Also when you are feeling better about your capabilities, the more
energized and motivated you are to take action and achieve your goal.
According to Ron Kurtus (2007) , having confidence concerning a competition means that
you are sure you can win. It is a combination of a judgement of your skills, success record, and
the skills of the component. Confidence applies to performance, head to head and predatory
According to Christopher Hann (2013), an entrepreneur should be confident and take risks,
because if youre not going to, someone else is, and someone will beat you to it.
According to Chris W. Dunn (2016), Building a successful business requires a thick skin
From Lior Arussy's 3 keys destroying your competition (2013), Figure out exactly why your
competition is desperate and make sure they're lacking in is the area your business exceptional
at.
According to Michael's 8 reasons why your business needs strong competition (2016), Your
own success might be depend on how well your competition are doing. In many cases, a strategic
partnership without stealing each other customer might have a positive impact on each player's
revenue.
process, project and risk management (2008) , To jump into the game as an industry shaper, a
company should have a high level of confidence, its customer, its competition and its
environment.
From Kheras Business Competition: How to come out on Top (1998), It is rare for small
business to have no competition. From local to global business competition, you must study the
competitors in order to be able to place yourself in a position to take them on. In some cases, it
will be impossible fir you beat the price of some of your global competitors. That doesnt mean
that you cant compete with those businesses, it just means you'll have to find creative ways to
compete.
According to Derek Halpens How to learn from your Competition (2008), No matter
business you're in, you will benefit greatly from studying your competition. The entrepreneur
make studying their competition is part of their routine. In competition you must know what to
look for. Its not copying their ideas, its about figuring out their study and why they do things
they do.
Related Studies
To gain insights, concepts and ideas related to the study, the researcher reviewed and
recommendation as well as methodology and design that gave inputs to the present study.
In the study of Jasleen Kaur Kathuria (2014) entitled: Managerial performance in relation
to emotional maturity, self-confidence and leadership skill. To overcome the various hurdles in
achieving challenges, one needs to be emotionally mature and self-confidence and at the same
time being a manager, he must have a leadership skill to lead the group working under him for
inspiring teamwork for the accomplishment of the objective of the enterprise. It is hypothesized
that if a manager tends to be highly emotionally mature in handling various problems of the
organization and confident enough about his own decisions and get the work done from the
people in a channelized manner and possess the ability to lead the group working under him/her,
then he/she might face the challenges with enthusiasm and work with positive attitude to achieve
In the study of Francis Dao (2008) entitled: Without confidence, there is no leadership.
Leadership is about having the confidence to make decision if someone is afraid to make and
commit to decisions, all of the communication and empowerment of the world wont make a
squat of difference.
In the study of Tether et. Al (2013) entitled: Business and entrepreneurship skills and
experience. Entrepreneurship skills are required for creating and running new business ventures
or innovative project in existing firms. They include risk assessment, strategic thinking, self-
confidence, the ability to make the best of personal networks, motivating others to achieve a
common goal and the ability to deal with other challenges and requirements.
In the study of Dr. Guillermo G. Gomez (2012) titled: The art of customer service onboard.
A key element of success will be the competence of manager who are supposed to be motivated
and self-conditioned for team success exercising intuition and dedication to ensure customer
loyalty.
The study of Geoff Gannon (2016) titled: How are we doing ?: A second look of Amerco
(UHAL). Operating in a specialty niche, where our success is dependent more on how we treat
our customer than on competitive or market condition. Further, management that explicitly state
their guiding principles and stick to them. It shows self-confidence and provide a clear yardstick
women entrepreneurs. Self-confidence affect entrepreneur in their start up decision and even less
is understand about how it affects entrepreneur decision and action in their ongoing business.
In the study of Amy Anderson (2014) titled: The business of Self-esteem. Our self-esteem
can be traced to a number of factors and although we may not be able to pinpoint just one as the
root of trouble, its worth taking a look of what might be driving us to lose confidence.
In the study of CFNC (2001) titled: Self-confidence: a key to success. Self-confidence is an
important ingredient success. But if its lacking, it is possible to fake it. Putting on a false front
will allow a person to get through a variety of swenty palm inducing situations.
In the study of Noel Tichy and Ram Charan (1989) titled: Speed, simplicity; self-
confidence. People must have the self-confidence to be clear, precise, to be sure that every
In the study of Jack Welch (2016) titled: Why your business needs strong competition. In
reality you will never succeed in completely eliminating a competitor. No matter how good your
offering, you cannot please everyone (nor should try). There will be customer who will choose
Ugelow, L (2016) Building self-confidence: The how, when and whys. (Positive Psychology
Program, Netherlands)
Hann, C (2013) Lessons from successful entrepreneur on how to beat the competition.
Dunn, C. W (2016) 10 Things you can do to boost self-confidence (Entrepreneur Media, United
Michael (2016) 8 reasons why your business needs strong competition. Toronto, Canada.
Bonham, S. S (2008) Actionable strategies through integrated performance, process, project and
Khera, C (1998) Business competition: How to come out on top. (University of Mayland).
Tether et al (2013) Business and Entrepreneurship skills and experience. (Work Bank & OECD).
Gomez, G. G (2016) The art of customer service onboard (Pass Christian University, US)
Gannon, G (2016) How are we doing : A second look of Amerco. (Punch Card Research.)
Tichy, J and Charan, R (1989) Speed, Simplicity, Self-confidence. (Harvard Business School,
US)
Welch, J (2016) Why your business needs strong competition. Toronto, Canada.
Input Output
Process
1. Profile of the Measures to
Data gathering
Respondents strengthen the self-
through the use of
survey, questionnaire confidence of
1.1 Age
and interview entrepreneur over
1.2 Sex competitor in business
Presentation
1.3 Civil Status
Analysis and
1.4
Occupation/Position Interpretation of data
gathered
1.5 Monthly Income
FEEDBACK
Harry Jansen
Kraemer Jr. Linda Ugelow
designated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives. Self-
efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave. Such beliefs
produce these diverse effects through four major processes. They include cognitive,
A strong sense of efficacy enhances human accomplishment and personal well-being in many
ways. People with high assurance in their capabilities approach difficult tasks as challenges to be
mastered rather than as threats to be avoided. Such an efficacious outlook fosters intrinsic
interest and deep engrossment in activities. They set themselves challenging goals and maintain
strong commitment to them. They heighten and sustain their efforts in the face of failure. They
quickly recover their sense of efficacy after failures or setbacks. They attribute failure to
insufficient effort or deficient knowledge and skills which are acquirable. They approach
threatening situations with assurance that they can exercise control over them. Such an
efficacious outlook produces personal accomplishments, reduces stress and lowers vulnerability
to depression.
In contrast, people who doubt their capabilities shy away from difficult tasks which they
view as personal threats. They have low aspirations and weak commitment to the goals they
choose to pursue. When faced with difficult tasks, they dwell on their personal deficiencies, on
the obstacles they will encounter, and all kinds of adverse outcomes rather than concentrate on
how to perform successfully. They slacken their efforts and give up quickly in the face of
difficulties. They are slow to recover their sense of efficacy following failure or setbacks.
Because they view insufficient performance as deficient aptitude it does not require much failure
Another theory of Harry Jansen Kraemer Jr. To him, leadership is a delicate balance of true
self confidence and genuine humility. It includes understanding the significant value and
influence that you, as an individual, can have in any position in an organization. It is the
knowledge that your opinions and views are important, leading you to make sure your supervisor
or team makes no decision without your input. You believe it is appropriate to challenge the
team in a respectful way, not driven by the need to "be right," but rather to "do the right thing."
Being truly self confident means recognizing that you may not be the brightest, quickest or most
articulate team member, but that you are nevertheless comfortable with who you see in the
mirror. This confidence is not egotistical or self-serving. It's grounded in a genuine desire to
Balanced with self confidence is genuine humility. With it, leaders understand they are no better,
no more important, than any other team member. Leaders never forget where they came from or
take themselves too seriously. Instead of considering success a result of solitary efforts, leaders
recognize their teams' contributions, and maybe even those of a larger force, "upstairs."
Another theory of Linda Ugelow. Self-confidence also brings about more happiness.
Typically, when you are confident in your abilities you are happier due to your successes. Also,
when you are feeling better about your capabilities, the more energized and motivated you are to
on the past.
Many psychologists tend to refer to self-efficacy when considering an individuals belief about
their abilities concerning a specific task or set of tasks, while self-confidence is more often
referred to as a broader and more stable trait concerning an individuals perceptions of overall
capability.