radiation is according to what theory? **Please prepare for a very short 300 item ANS: Prevost theory exam on Friday. 12. Thermal conductivity of wood depends 1. One of the reasons for insulating the on? pipes is: ANS: Moisture, Temperature and ANS: Heat loss from the surface is Density minimized 13. A fur coat on an animal will help the 2. The rate of radiant energy, that is animal to remain: emitted by a surface at any ANS: warm in winter temperature and in small wavelengths 14. The nature of flow of a fluid inside a is found from the known rate of energy, tube, whether it is turbulent or laminar, that under the same conditions will be can be ascertained by: emitted from a black surface, by ANS: Reynolds number multiplying with the absorptivity. The 15. What mode of heat transfer is the above enunciation is called: Stefan-Boltzmann law applicable? ANS: Kirchhoffs law ANS: Radiation 3. Which is generally used to measure the 16. At all wave lengths and temperatures temperature inside the furnace? the monochromatic emissivity of a ANS: Optical Pyrometer white body is equal to? 4. All heat transfer processes involves: ANS: Zero ANS: Temperature difference between 17. The statement that the emissivity and the bodies absorptivity of a surface is surface is 5. What is thermal diffusivity? surrounded by its own temperature are ANS: A physical property of the the same for both monochromatic and material total radiation called: 6. What is the unit of thermal diffusivity? ANS: Kirchhoffs law ANS: m2/hr 18. A reservoir that supplies energy in the 7. Non-isotropic conductivity is shown by? form of heat is called: ANS: Wood ANS: Source 8. For glass wool thermal conductivity 19. Flow of hot and cold fluids alternately changes from sample to sample due over a surface occurs in what type of changes in: heat exchanger? ANS: Structure, density and ANS: Regenerator composition 20. Least value of Prandtl number can be 9. What is the SI unit of thermal expected in case of ______________. conductivity? ANS: Liquid metals ANS: W/m-K 21. The boiling point of a solution is a 10. What is the value of the Prandtl linear function of water at the same number for air? pressure. This statement is called: ANS: 0.7 ANS: Dubrings rule 22. These are provided in heat exchangers 34. When the entire heat exchanger is to avoid deformation of tubes because selected as control volume, heat of thermal expansion. becomes __________. ANS: Floating heads ANS: Zero 23. What do you call the first stage of 35. Heat is conducted in the direction of: crystal formation? ANS: Decreasing temperature ANS: Nucleation 36. The heat transfer term in the first law of 24. Dritus Boelter equation can be applied thermodynamics is due to: in case of fluids flowing in: ANS: Conduction, convection and ANS: Turbulent region radiation 25. A correction of LMTD is essential in case 37. All heat transfer processes require a of: medium of energy exchange except: ANS: Cross flow heat exchanger ANS: Radiation 26. Which of the following is used as 38. Thermal conduction is described by: entrainer in acetic acid-water ANS: Fouriers law separation? 39. Convection is described by what law? ANS: Butyl acetate ANS: Newtons law 27. A type of radiation consisting of singly 40. Radiation heat transfer is described by: charged particles that generate to ANS: Kirchhoffs law intermediate distances. 41. The equivalent of ratio of emissive ANS: Beta radiation power to absorptivity for bodies in 28. An electrically charged atom or radical thermal equilibrium is described by: which carries electricity through an ANS: Kirchhoffs law electrolyte is called: 42. The temperature potential between ANS: Ion temperature at the two ends of a heat 29. The energy of a body that can be exchanger are given by: transmitted in the form of heat. ANS: LMTD ANS: Thermal Energy 43. Transfer heat from one fluid to another 30. In an isometric process, the heat is a function of: transferred is equal to: ANS: Heat exchanger ANS: Change in internal energy 44. Exchange heat to increase energy to the 31. A substance that is able to absorb flow is a function of: liquids or gases and is used for ANS: Superheater removing them from a given medium or 45. What is the series of processes that region. eventually bring the system back to its ANS: Absorbent original condition? 32. Radiant heat transfer is described by: ANS: Cycle ANS: Kirchhoffs law 46. A theoretical body which when heated 33. A reservoir that absorbs energy in the to incandescence would emit a form of heat is called __________. continuous light-ray spectrum. ANS: Sink ANS: Black body 47. What is the reason for insulating the 56. What do you call the effectiveness of a pipes? body as a thermal radiator at a given ANS: Heat loss from the surface is temperature? minimized ANS: Emissivity 48. Heat transfer due to density 57. The natural direction of the heat flow differential: between two reservoirs is dependent ANS: Convection on: 49. The passing of heat energy from ANS: Temperature difference molecule to molecule through a 58. Why are metals good conductors of substance: heat? ANS: Conduction ANS: They contain free electrons. 50. The radiant heat transfer depends on: 59. In natural convection, a heated portion ANS: Heat rays of a fluid moves because __________ is 51. What kind of heat exchanger where less than that of the surroundings. water is heated to a point that ANS: Density dissolved gases are liberated? 60. In order to emit electromagnetic ANS: Deaerator radiation, an object must be at a what 52. Heat transfer processes which include a temperature? change of phase of a fluid are ANS: Above 0K considered ________. 61. The rate at which an object radiates ANS: Convection electromagnetic energy does not 53. A hot block is cooled by blowing cool air depend on its: over its top surface. The heat that is ANS: Mass first transferred to the air layer close to 62. The vaporization of a solid without first the block is by conduction. It is becoming liquid refers to: eventually carried away from the ANS: Sublimation surface by _________. 63. In the process of freeze drying, ice goes ANS: Convection directly into water vapor. What is the 54. A body that is hot compared to its temperature at which this process can surroundings illuminates more energy take place? than it receivers, while its surrounding ANS: Below the triple point of water absorbs more energy than they give. 64. What happen when a vapor condenses The heat is transferred from one to into a liquid? another by energy wave motion. What ANS: It evolves heat. is this mode of heat transfer? 65. In a cooling tower, the water is cooled ANS: Radiation mainly by: 55. Which requires the greatest amount of ANS: Evaporation heat per kilogram for a given increase in 66. How do you classify a body that has an temperature? emissivity factor of 0.7? ANS: Water ANS: Gray body 67. At what particular condition that no more heat can be removed from a substance and the temperature can no transfer through cylindrical wall in the longer be lowered? radial direction is expressed in what ANS: Absolute zero function? 68. What refers to the heat transfer ANS: Logarithmic wherein the heat is transferred from 78. The law which states that the ratio of one point to another by actual the emissive powers to absorptivities movement of substance? are equal when the two bodies are in ANS: Convection thermal equilibrium is known as: 69. The ratio of the radiation of actual body ANS: Kirchhoffs Law of Radiation to the radiation of a blackbody is known 79. It refers to the ratio of the internal as _________. thermal resistance of a solid to the ANS: Emittance boundary layer thermal resistance or 70. What is the usual geometric view factor external resistance of the body. for a black body? ANS: Biot number ANS: One 80. It refers to the ratio of the rate of heat 71. What happens to the heat transferred transferred by conduction to the rate of radially across insulated pipe per unit energy stored. area? ANS: Fourier number ANS: Decrease from pipe wall to 81. A hot block is cooled by blowing cool air insulated surface over its top surface. The heat that is 72. What do you call a change of phase first transferred to the air layer close to directly from vapor to solid without the block is by conduction. It is passing through the liquid state? eventually carried away from the ANS: Deposition surface by: 73. What is the Stefan-Boltzmann ANS: Convection constant? 82. It is the term used to describe the ANS: 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2-K4 energy of a body that can be 74. What is the usual value of transmissivity transmitted in the form of heat. for opaque materials? ANS: Thermal energy ANS: 0 83. The mechanism of heat transfer in 75. A body whose emissivity is less than 1 is which there is no medium required for known as a real body. What is the other the heat energy to travel is: term for real body? ANS: Radiation ANS: Gray body 84. What refers to a form of energy 76. What refers to an ideal body that associated with the kinetic random absorbs all of the radiant energy that motion of large numbers of molecules? intrudes on it and also emits the ANS: Heat maximum possible energy when acting 85. How much is the part of light that is as a source? absorbed by the body that transmits ANS: Black body and reflects 80% and 10% respectively? 77. The thermal resistance for one- ANS: 10% dimensional steady conduction heat 86. In convection heat transfer, what 95. What heat exchange device provides happens to the heat transfer coefficient heat transfer between the exhaust if the viscosity of the fluid increases? gases and air prior to the entrance of a ANS: Decreases combustor? 87. How do you call a phenomenon ANS: Regenerator wherein the heat is transferred by 96. What transfer of heat is involved in the motion of fluid under the action of changing of boiling water to vapor at mechanical device? the same temperature? ANS: Forced convection ANS: Convection 88. In conduction heat transfer, what 97. What is known as the science of low happens to the heat transfer per unit temperatures? time when the thermal conductivity ANS: Cryogenics decreases? 98. What thermal state of the body ANS: Decrease considered as reference to 89. What is the driving force in heat communicate heat to the other bodies? transfer? ANS: Temperature ANS: Temperature gradient 99. The true mean temperature difference 90. What is the measure of the relative is also known as: effectiveness of momentum and energy ANS: LMTD transport by diffusion in the velocity 100. What is the geometric view and thermal boundary layer? factor of a gray body? ANS: Prandtl number ANS: Greater than zero but less than 91. What is the property of the solid that one provides the measure of the rate of heat transfer to the energy storage? ANS: Thermal diffusivity 92. In convection heat transfer, what happens to the heat transfer coefficient if the viscosity of the fluid decreases? ANS: Increase 93. What do you call theoretical body where absorptivity and emissivity are independent of the wavelength over the spectral region of the irradiation and the surface emission? ANS: Transparent body 94. What is the structure designed to prevent the spread of fire having a fire resistance rating of not less than four hours? ANS: Fire wall