International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Sustainable Energy Systems (ICETEESES16)

Design of Monopole Antenna with Defected

Ground for WLAN Application
Missi K. Bhasker1, Chandan2 and R.K. Prasad3

AbstractIn this paper, a dual-band monopole antenna
is proposed for wireless local area network (WLAN)
application. The antenna consists of rectangular ring with
two slots and defected ground plane, due to which two
resonant modes are generated to cover 2.7 and 5.5 GHz
WLAN bands. The antenna is fed by 50 microstrip lines.
The overall dimensionof the antenna is 20250.8mm3. The
designed antenna operates over the frequency ranges from
2.12.84 GHz and 5.15.89 GHz with -10 dB return loss
which is suitable for WLAN bands. The Radiation pattern,
peak realized gain, radiation efficiency and current
distribution are used to analyze the radiation characteristics
of the antenna. Theradiation pattern of the proposed antenna
is omnidirectional. The peak realized gain of the antenna is
2.00 dBi at 2.7 GHz band and 3.25 dBi at 5.5 GHz band and
the radiation efficiency is 90.29% at 2.7 GHz band and
88.98% at 5.5 GHz band respectively.1
[6] are proposed these antenna covers WLAN band but the
return loss of the lower WLAN band is low. T-shaped
monopole antenna with shorted L-shaped strip-sleeves [7],
a compact and small printed monopole antenna [8], and
compact uniplanar antenna [9] covers WLAN bands but
the higher WLAN band has low return loss.
In this article, a monopole antenna for dual-band
WLAN application is proposed. The antenna consists of a
rectangular patch with a rectangular ring with two slots
and a defected ground plane with E-shaped slot. Antenna
is also analyzed using parametric analysis to study the
various effects of parameters and to get optimum design.
The proposed antenna covers both WLAN bands and has
good radiation pattern characteristics and gain is suitable
for WLAN applications.

Keywords: Dual Band, Efficiency, Gain, Monopole II. ANTENNA DESIGN

Antennaand Radiation Pattern
Figure 1and 2, shows the proposed WLAN monopole
I. INTRODUCTION antenna for dual band frequency operation. The dimension
of the antenna is 20250.8 mm3 (Wsub Lsub h). The
In recent years, there are tremendous growths in the antenna is made of a FR4 substrate with relative
wireless communication for local area network. There are
permittivity (r) 4.4 and loss tangent () 0.02. The ground
several standards for the WLAN application, the lower
plane of the antenna is defected as shown in figure 2. The
band ranges from 2.42.485 GHz for IEEE 802.11b/g and
shape parameters of the antenna are optimized using finite
the upper band covers frequency range from 5.155.825 element method (FEM) Ansofts HFSS, to achieve the
GHz for IEEE 802.11a. To meet these standards, there is a 2.1-2.84 GHz and 5.15.89 GHz for WLAN bands. The
necessity of antenna which covers multiple bands with optimized shape parameters of the proposed antenna are
good impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics. shown in Table 1.
For achieving these services, the developed antenna must
have simple structure, compact size and easy integration
with the circuit.
In literature, many multiband antennas have been
proposed such as printed double-T monopole antenna [1],
a simple dual-band microstrip-fed printed antenna [2].
These entire antennas cover dual band for WLAN
Applications but sizes of these antennas are comparatively
large. In [3], a CPW fed antenna is proposed in which a
chip inductor is used which covers only one band of
WLAN application. This antenna is small in size but
fabrication of this type of antenna is complex. In Compact
dual-band slot antenna [4], the size of the proposed
antenna is large and the lower WLAN band has very low
return loss. Rectangular ring with open-ended CPW-Fed
monopole antenna [5], dual-band H-shaped slot antenna

E-mail: 1missibhasker08@gmail.com, 2chandanhcst@gmail.com,

3rkp.sikarpur@gmail.com
Fig. 1: Front View of the Proposed Antenna

978-1-5090-2118-5/16/$31.00 2016 IEEE

92 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Sustainable Energy Systems (ICETEESES16)

2.7 GHz lower band and 3.25 dBi at 5.5 GHz higher
WLAN band. The radiation efficiency as shown in figure
12 is 90.29% at 2.7 GHz band and 88.98% at 5.5 GHz for
lower and higher WLAN band respectively.

Fig. 2: Ground Plane of the Proposed Antenna

TABLE 1: PARAMETER OF THE PROPOSED ANTENNA (UNIT: MILIMETERS)

Wsub Lsub Wp Lp Ls Wf Lg
20 25 10 12 12 2.5 12.5 Fig. 3: Return Loss of Proposed Antenna
L W d L1 A B g
10 6 .5 4 10 11 0.5

In this design, a monopole antenna with a rectangular

patch is design (antenna 1) as in figure 4 due to this single
WLAN band is achieved from 2.23 to 2.9 GHz but higher
WLAN frequency band is not obtained. After that, a
rectangular slotis cut in the rectangular patch with two slots
(antenna 2) as in figure 4 due to this dual band is obtained
from 2.1-2.8 GHz and 5.7-6.3 GHz. The lower frequency
band is obtained butat higher frequency band the impedance
matching is not proper so the band is shifted. After that,
ground plan is defected with E-shape slot (antenna 3) as in
Fig. 4: Comparison of Different Antenna
figure 4 due to this required band is obtained from 2.1-2.84
GHz and 5.1 to 5.89 GHz with good impedance matching
suitable for WLAN applications.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The simulated impedance bandwidth of the proposed
antenna covers two impendence bandwidth from 2.12.84
GHz as the lower band and 5.15.89 GHz as the higher
band respectively. The return loss is-22.24 dB and-26.37
dB at the resonating frequency 2.7 GHz and 5.5 GHz with
-10 dB return loss throughout the operating frequency of
WLAN bands as shown in figure 3.
The far-field radiation characteristics of the proposed Fig. 5: Radiation Pattern at 2.7 GHz at Phi 0 Degree
antenna are studied. Figure 5-8, presents the radiation
pattern of the proposed antenna at 2.7 and 5.5 GHz bands.
The obtained radiation pattern is stable at both operating
frequencies. The radiation pattern of the antenna is
omnidirectional at theta all and phi 0 and 90 degree for
both bands. The 3D current distribution plot shows that
the surface current flows along theground plane near E
shape slot and rectangular patch for 2.7 GHz frequency
band shown in figure 5 and for 5.5.GHz band along the
whole strip and between two slots as in figure 9-10.
Figure 11, shows the measured peak gain of the
proposed antenna for frequencies across the operating
band. The peak realized gain of the antenna is 2.00 dBi at Fig. 6: Radiation Pattern at 2.7 GHz at Phi 90 Degree

978-1-5090-2118-5/16/$31.00 2016 IEEE

 Design of Monopole Antenna with Defected Ground for WLAN Application 93
Fig. 7: Radiation Pattern at 5.5 GHz at Phi 0 Degree
Fig. 8: Radiation Pattern at 5.5 GHz at Phi 90 Degree
Fig. 9: Current Distribution at 2.7 GHz
Fig. 10: Gain of the Proposed Antenna
978-1-5090-2118-5/16/$31.00 2016 IEEE
Fig. 11: Gain of the Proposed Antenna
Fig. 12: Efficiency of the Proposed Antenna
IV. CONCLUSION
A dual band antenna with dimension of 20 25 0.8
mm3 for WLAN application is proposed. The simulated
result shows that antenna can operate from 2.12.84 GHz
as the lower band and 5.15.89 GHz as the higher
covering 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN band. The obtained
impedance bandwidth is 29.95 % for 2.7 GHz and 15.43%
for 5.5 GHz bands. The simulated result shows that good
impedance matching and radiation characteristics were
obtained which is suitable for WLAN bands. The
proposed antenna has omnidirectional radiation pattern
with gain 2 dBi at 2.7 GHz and 3.25 dBi at 5.5 GHz and
the radiation efficiency is 90.29% at 2.7 GHz band and
88.98% at 5.5 GHz band respectively, over the operating
WLAN bands.
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94 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Sustainable Energy Systems (ICETEESES16)
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Technology Letters, Vol. 52, No.4, PP. 957-959, 2010.
[12] Jenun-Wen and yau-Der Wang, TShaped Monopole Antenna
with Shorted L-Shaped StripSleeves for WLAN 2.4/5.8-GHz
Operation, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 46,
No.1, PP. 65-69, 2005.
[13] WenShan Chen, A compact and Small Printed Monopole
Antenna for WLAN Application, Microwave and Optical
Technology Letters, Vol. 53, No.7, PP. 1518-1522, 2011.
[14] V.Deepu and K.R.Rohit, Compact Uniplanar Antenna for WLAN
Application, Electronics Letter, Vol.43,No. 2, PP.42-43-2007.
978-1-5090-2118-5/16/$31.00 2016 IEEE