Name : Ramzul Irham Riza

NIM : D200102010

The destruction of coral reef ecosystems

An aquatic ecosystem is an Ecosystem located in a Body of water.

Communities of Organisms that are dependent on each other and on their
environment live in aquatic ecosystems. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems
are Marine Ecosystem and Fresh water Ecosystem

Marine ecosystems cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface and

contain approximately 97% of the planet's water. They generate 32% of the world's
net Primary Production. They are distinguished from freshwater ecosystems by the
presence of dissolved compounds, especially salts, in the water. Approximately 85%
of the dissolved materials in seawater are sodium and chlorine. Seawater has an
average salinity of 35 parts per thousand (ppt) of water. Actual salinity varies among
different marine ecosystems.

Marine ecosystems can be divided into the following zones: oceanic (the
relatively shallow part of the ocean that lies over the continental shelf); profundal
(bottom or deep water); benthic (bottom substrates); intertidal (the area between
high and low tides); estuaries; salt marshes; coral reefs; and hydrothermal vents
(where chemosynthetic sulfur bacteria form the food base).

Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae,

dinoflagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks. Fish caught in marine
ecosystems are the biggest source of commercial foods obtained from wild
populations.

Environmental problems concerning marine ecosystems include

unsustainable exploitation of marine resources (for example overfishing of certain
species), marine pollution, climate change, and building on coastal areas.

As we know ecosystem have funtion to protective organism and the place to

interaction organism. In coral reefs ecosystem there are many spesies of organism
such pisces,algae,etc. We can imagine,what will happened if the coral reefs
ecosystems damaged...? many spesies and organism will die. It isn t impossible,
they will distinct. Besides coral reefs ecosystem also can as tourist attraction as
taman laut bunaken.

The causing the damage coral reef ecosystems is over eksplotation of coral
reefs for the example of eksplotation is taking over to coral reefs to be sold so that
fishes havent habitat so it can make decreases populaion of fish.one the other cause
the coral reefs damaged is taking fishes with the bomb. Try to imagine it,what will
happened if we are taking fishes with the bomb besaides it can make coral reefs
damaged and than it can make this ecosystem unbalance,why because all orgamism
in that ecosystem wiil be die. Besides their living resources diversities, decreasing
and damaging of coral reefs is difficult to rehabilitate and it may take so long time.

To rehabilitating coral reffs ecosystem it is so difficult,one of our government

program to keep the coral reffs is making Marine Protected Area such as Taman
Nasional Laut,Cagar Alam Laut, and Suaka Margasatwa Laut.Coral reefs is the
organism who can repair theirselves with the right strategy and right place or
Condition.(Republika,13 Mei 2009). The other way to rehabilitating coral reefs is
making biorock.Biorock is made by Thomas J.G and Wolf H.Hilbertz. The is Making
false coral reefs from the iron and formed like iglo.The place to put it in iron
frame.The iron frame function as catode in electrolitation progress.That progress is
making Calcium Carbonat which is it the based to form a new coral reefs. We must
have respect with our environment cause it the place where we life.