Chapter 10

10.4 The angular position of a point on a rotating wheel is given by

= 4.0t 3.0 t 2 + t 3 where is in radians and t is in seconds. What are the angular velocities at
(a) t=2.0 s and (b) t=4.0 s (c) What is the average angular acceleration for the time interval that
begins at t=2.0s and ends at t=4.0s? What are the instantaneous accelerations at(d) the beginning
and (e) the end of this time interval?
(t) = 4 3.0 t 2 + t 3
d
(t) = = 6 t + 3t 2
dt
( t) = 6 + 6 t
a. and b. Angular velocity at t=2s and t=4s

d
(t) = = 6 t + 3t 2
dt
d
(2) = = 6 2 + 3 (2) 2
dt
= 0rad / s
d
(4) = = 6 4 + 3 (4) 2
dt
= 24 rad / s
c. Average angular acceleration.
(4) (2) 24 rad / s 0 rad / s
= =
4 2 2s
2
= 12rad / s

d. and e. Angular acceleration at 2.0s and 4.0 s.

( t) = 6 + 6t
(2) = 6 + 6(2)
= 6 rad / s2
(4) = 6 + 6(4)
= 18 rad / s2

10.10 A disk, initially rotating at 120 rad/s is slowed down with a constant angular acceleration of
magnitude of 4.0rad / s2 (a) How much time does the disk take to stop? (b) Through what angle
does the disk rotate during that
time?

 f = i + t
i = 0 f i 0 rad / s 120rad / s
t= =
f = ? 4.0 rad / s2
i = 120 rad / s = 30s
f = 0 1
f = i + i t + t 2
2
= 4 rad / s2 1
t=? f = 0 + 120rad / s 30s + 4 rad / s2 (30s)2
2
= 1800rad

10.23
What are the magnitudes of (a) the angular velocity, (b) the radial acceleration, and(c) the
tangential acceleration of a spaceship taking a circular turn of radius 3220 km at a speed of 29,000
km/hr.
29,000km 1000m 1h
v= = 8055.6m / s
h 1km 3600s
r = 3220 10 3 m
v 8055.6m / s
= = 3 = 2.5 103 rad / s
r 3220 10 m
v 2 (8055.6m / s) 2
ar = = = 20.15m / s2
r 3220 10 3 m
at = r = 0

10.47 The body shown in Fig 11-37 is pivoted at O, and two force act on it as shown. (a) Find an
expression for thenet torque on the body about the pivot. (b) If
r1 = 1.3m, r2 = 2.15m, F1 = 4.20N, F2 = 4.90N, 1 = 75, and 2 = 60, what is the net torque about
the pivot?

a) Consider clockwise rotation as positive...

= r2 F2 sin 2 r1 F1 sin1

b) ...put in the numbers...

r2 F2 sin 2 r1 F1 sin1
=
= 2.15m 4.90N sin60 1.3m 4.20N sin 75
= 3.849
The sign depends on which direction is assumed positive.

10.51 Figure 10-40

shows a uniform disk that can rotate around its center like a merry-go-round.
The disk has a radius of 2.00 cm and a mass of 20 grams and it is initially at rest. Starting at time
t=0, two forces are to be applied tangentially to the rim as indicated so that at time t=1.25s the disk
has an angular velocity of 250 rad/s counterclockwise.
 F1
F2

First we find the angular acceleration

i = 0 rad / s f = i + t
f = 250 rad / s f i 250rad / s 0 rad / s
= =
t = 1.25s t 1.25s
2
=? = 200rad / s

Now we use the angular acceleration to find the torque.

1 1
I = m r2 = 0.020(2 102 m) 2 = 4 10 6 kg m2
2 2
I = r F1 r F2
r F2 = r F1 I
4 106 kg m 2
F2 =0.1N 200rad / s2
2 102
= 0.14N

10.55 In Fig. 10-44, one block has mass M = 500g and the other has a mass m = 460g, and the
pulley, whichis mounted in horizontal fricitonless bearings, has a radius of 5.00cm. When
released from rest, the more massive block falls 75.0 cm in 5s (without the cord slipping on the
pulley) (a) What is the magnitude of the block acceleration? What is the tension in the part of
the cord that supports (b) the more
massive block and (c) the less massive
block? (d) What is the
magnitude of the pulleys angular acceleration? (e) What is its rotational inertia?

Tm TM

+
TM +
Tm
mg
Mg

First we compute the acceleration of the masses.

 x i = 0cm 1
x f = xi + vi t + a t2
x f = 75cm 2
1
vi = 0 x f = 0 + 0 + at 2
2
vf = ? 2x 2 75cm
a=? a = 2f =
t (5s)2
t =5s = 6cm / s2
Now that we know the acceleration, we can compute the tensions using net force on each block

M a = Mg TM m a = Tm mg
T = Mg M a
M Tm = mg + m a
= 500 (980 6) = 460 (980 + 6)
= 4.87 10 5 dynes = 4.5356 105 dynes

Knowing the tensions allows us to compute the torque.

I = r TM rTm
a
I = r (TM Tm )
r
r2 (TM Tm )
I=
a
(5cm) 2 (4.87 10 5 4.5356 105 )
=
6cm / s2
= 1.39 105 gcm 2

10.60 A 32.0 kg wheel, essentially a thin hoop with radius 1.20 m is rotation at 280 rev/min. It
must be brought to a stop in 15.0s (a) How much work must be done to stop it? (b) what is the
required average power?

Here we recognize that the work that must be done is equal to the change in kinetic energy.

280rev 2 rad 1min

i = = 29.32rad / s
min 1rev 60s
f = 0rad / s
I = m r2 = 32kg (1.2m) 2 = 46 kgm 2
W = Kf Ki
1 1
= I f 2 I i 2
2 2
1 1
= 46kg m2 (0rad / s)2 46kg m 2 (29.32rad / s)2
2 2
4
= 1.977 10 J

The power is the rate at which we do work

W 1.977 10 4 J
P= = = 1.32 103
t 15s

10.67 A uniform spherical shell of mass M and radius R rotates about a vertical axis on
frictionless bearings (Fig 11-45). A massless cord passes around the equator of the shell over a
pulley of rotational inertia
I and radius r and is attached to a small object of mass m. There is no
friction on the pulleys axle; the cord does not slip on the pulley. What is the speed of the object
after it falls a distance h form rest. use energy considerations.

This is an energy conservation problem

1 1 2 1 2
E i = mgh Ef = mv 2 + Isph sph + Ip p
2 2 2
Now set the final energy equal to the initial energy...
Ef = Ei

1 2 1 2 1 2
mv + Isph sph + I p p = mgh
2 2 2
1 1 2 v 2 1 v2
mv 2 + ( M R 2 ) 2 + Ip 2 = mgh
2 2 3 R 2 r
2 I
v 2 (m + M + p2 ) = 2mgh
3 r
2mgh
v=
2 I
(m + M + p2 )
3 r

10.69 In Fig. 10-48, two 6.20 kg blocks are connected by a massless string over a pulley of radius
2.40cm and the rotational
inertia I = 7.4 104 kg m 2 . The string does not slip on the pulley; it is
not known whether there is friction between the table and the sliding block; the pulleys axis is
fritionless. When this system is released from rest, the pullley turns through 1.3 rad in 91. ms and
the acceleration of the blocks is constant. What are (a) the magnitude of the pulleys angular
acceleration, , (b) magnitudes
of either mass accceleration (c) the string tension for 1 and the
string tension for 2.

We begin by finding the angular acceleration

1
f = i + i t + t 2
2
1 2
f = 0 + 0 + t
2
2 f 21.3rad 2
= 2 = 2 = 314rad / s
t (0.091s)
Now we can find the acceleration

 a = r = 2.40 102 m 314rad / s2 = 7.54m / s2

The equations for the hanging mass and the pulley are:

ma = mg T1
I = r(T1 T2 )

We solve for T1

T1 = mg ma
= 6.2kg(9.8 7.54)
= 14N
...and use the Torque to find the remaining tension

I = r(T1 T2 )
I
T2 = T1
r
7.4 10 4 kgm / s2
= 14N 2
314rad / s2
2.4 10 m
= 4.32N

10.101 In Fig. 10-64, a wheel of radius of 0.20 m is mounted on a frictionless horizontal axis.
The rotational inertia of the wheel about the axis is I = 0.40kg m2 . A massless cord wrapped
around the wheels circumference is attached to a 6.0 kg box. The system is released from rest.
When the box has a kinetic energy of 6.0 J, what are the wheels rotational kinetic energy and (b)
the distance that the box has fallen.

This is an energy conservation problem, although it is possible to do it as a torque/force problem.
First we will compute the velocity of the box when it has a K of 6 J.

1
K = mv2
2
2K 2 6J
v= = = 1.414 m / s
m 6kg

Now we can find the K of the wheel

 1 1 v
K = I 2 = I( ) 2
2 2 r
1 1.414 m / s 2
= 0.4kg m2 ( )
2 0.2m
= 10J
Now we use the energy conservation to find the distance of the fall

mgh = K l + K t
K + Kt
h= l
mg
16J
=
6kg 9.8
= 0.272m