I.M.E
H150169C
Solid Mechanic 1
Assignment 1
Question
Answers
1)
- An object can experience Normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface i.e. can be tension
or compression.
- Tensile stress - where the forces acting on the object are trying to pull it apart i.e. stretch.
- Compressive stress - where the forces acting on it are trying to push the material together i.e.
squash or squeeze.
- An object can experience Shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface. Can cause object to slide
over each other.
= FA ; where is stress in N m2
F is the force in N
Examples
Fig1: types of stress (http://hep.physics.wayne.edu)
Compressive stress: simplest example is when a person sits on the chair, the legs of the chair will
experience a stress due to them being squeezed between the floor and the person.
-has no units since the dimensions of the parameters cancel each other
Examples
c) Elasticity
-is defined as the ability of a body or material to retain its normal shape and size spontaneously
after a stress or strain.
Stress Strain
Stress/strain = constant
This equation is used to obtain the relationship between stress and strain of a material with
respect to the load that is applied to the material
This results in a constant known as young modulus
E= stress/strain
= F/A/ L/L
=F*L/A*L
Fig3: elasticity(http://www.schoolphysics.co.uk)
d) Factor of safety.
- defined as the ratio of the allowable working stress to the working stress.
-it is also a term which describes the load carrying capacity of any given system beyond the
expected loads, shown in the formula
FoS = Sm/Sw
Factor of safety are mainly applied on major products such as bridges and buildings though the
structures ability to carry a load must be determined to a reasonable accuracy.
e) Thermal stress
F = *t*E
Where f = thermal stress
=thermal coefficient
t =temperature change
E = elastic modulus
REFERENCES
http://hep.physics.wayne.edu/~harr/courses/5210/w15/lecture37.htm
http://www.angelfire.com/nc3/pweb/lessons/stress.htm
http://www.schoolphysics.co.uk/age14-16/Matter/text/Elasticity_/index.html