1. Diagram 1 shows a spoon in a cup of hot water.

Which of the following statements is correct when the metal spoon and hot water are
at normal equilibrium?
A Temperature of a spoon is higher than the hot water
B The quantity of heat energy in a spoon is the same as the hot water
C Rate of change of temperature of a spoon is bigger than the hot water
D Net heat flow between the spoon and the hot water is zero

2 The sensitivity of thermometer can be increased by

A Using a bigger bulb so that more mercury can be stored in the bulb
B Using a thicker bulb so that more hear can be absorbed
C Using a narrower bore of capillary so that smaller change of reading can be detected
D Using a liquid with lower heat conductivity

3 Which of the following liquids is the most suitable to be used as liquid-in-glass

thermometer to measure temperature ranges from -50C to 120C
Liquid Melting point Boiling point
A W -55 100
B X -60 130
C Y -40 110
D Z -30 120

4 Which of the following affects the specific heat capacity of an object?

A Size of the object
B Colour of the object
C Density of the object
D The material that the object is made

5 From the statement below.

Object A cools down quickly than object B
Which statement is correct regarding the specific heat capacity of object A and B?
A Object A and B have high specific heat capacity
B Object A has higher specific heat capacity than object B
C Object A has lower specific heat capacity than object B
D Object A and B have low specific heat capacity.
6 Equal volume of tea at 80C is poured into two different containers of different
materials. Diagram below shows the thermometer readings after 10 minutes.

ceramic

The thermometer reading is different because

A Heat capacity of ceramic > heat capacity of aluminium
B Heat capacity of ceramic < heat capacity of aluminium
C Heat capacity of ceramic > heat capacity of tea
D Heat capacity of ceramic < heat capacity of tea

7 Which of the following statements about the phenomenon related to the specific heat
capacity is incorrect?
A Wooden house makes house cooler during hot sunny day
B Handle of utensil is made of heat insulator
C Thermometer has higher specific heat capacity than our body
D Steam is used to carry a lot of heat energy at high pressure to run the rail in AC
generators.

8 Diagram below shows a relationship between volume and temperature of a gas.

The graph obeys

A Boyles law
B Charles law
C Pressure law
9

Diagram above shows a fish producing air bubble. What would happen to the size of
the bubble as it moves upward towards to the water surface?
A Increasing
B Decreasing
C Remain unchanged
D Increase a little and decrease

10 If the air bubble inside a ballon is heated, the volume will

A Increase
B Decrease
C Remain unchanged
D Increase a little and decrease

11 Diagram below shows two objects, P and Q which are at thermal equilibrium with
each other.

Which of the following statements about the two objects is not true?
A P and Q are at the same temperature
B The rate of flow of heat from P to Q is the same as that from Q to P.
C There is no heat flow between P and Q

12 Which of the following about the suitability of mercury as the thermometric substance
of a liquid-in-glass thermometer is not true?
A Easily seen because of its red color.
B A metal and good conductor of heat
C Does not stick to glass easily
D A liquid at temperature between -39C and 390C

14 The specific heat capacity of a substance is

A The heat required to raise its temperature by 1C
B The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1C
C The heat required to raise the temperature of 10 kg of the substance by 1C
D The heat required to raise the temperature from 0C to 100C
15 Water which has a high specific heat capacity, 4200 Jkg-1C-1 is used as the cooling
agent in the radiator of a car. What is the reason for using water as the cooling agent?
A It is a good conductor
B It can absorb a large amount of heat with increase in temperature.
C It can cool down very fast.

16 Diagram below shows a process in which a solid changes to liquid.

The heat absorbed during the process is called the..

A Specific heat capacity of the solid
B Specific heat capacity of the liquid
C Specific latent heat of vaporisation
D Specific latent heat of fusion

17 The specific latent heat of vaporization of a substance is the heat required to..
A Raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1C
B Melt 1kg of the solid at its melting point.
C Change 1kg of the solid substance to vapour
D Boil away 1kg of liquid at its boiling point

18 When water is boiling at 100C, the heat supplied to it is used to

A Increase the kinetic energy of the water molecules
B Increase the rate of collision of the water molecules
C Overcome the forces of attraction between the water molecules
D Reduce the average speed of motion of the water molecules.

19 Thermal equilibrium occurs when

A The net transfer of heat between two objects in thermal contact is maximum.
B The net transfer of heat between two objects in thermal contact is minimum
C The net transfer of heat between two objects in thermal contact is zero.
D No heat is transferred between two objects.
20 Diagram below shows a mercury thermometer.

Which of the following ways does not increase the sensitivity of a mercury
thermometer?
A Using a smaller bulb
B Using a longer tube
C Using a glass stem with thinner wall
D Using a capillary tube with a finer bore

21 Which are the correct SI units of heat and temperature?

Heat Temperature
A Degree celcius Joule
B Joule Kelvin
C Degree celcius Kelvin
D Joule Degree celcius

22 Diagram below shows a balloon expand when immersed in hot water.

What happened to the molecules of the gas inside the balloon?

A They move further apart and have a greater average speed
B They move further apart and their average speed is unchanged
C They move further apart and have a smaller average speed
D They remain at the same average distance apart and have a greater average speed.
23 Diagram below shows a bicycle pump.

If the piston of the pump is pushed in until the volume V of the gas is halved, the
pressure of the gas becomes
A P
B P
C 2P
D 4P

24 Choose the correct fixed points to calibrate a mercury thermometer.

Lower fixed point Upper fixed point
A Freezing point of water Boiling point of water
B Freezing point of water Boiling point of mercury
C Freezing point of mercury Boiling point of mercury
D Freezing point of mercury Boiling point of water

25 The specific heat capacity of a substance is

A The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance
without changing its state.
B The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by
1C
C The amount of heat energy retained by 1kg of the substance when the temperature
drops by 1C
D The amount of heat loss to the surrounding when 1 kg of the substance changes its
state.

26 The specific heat capacity of aluminium is higher than that of copper. What will
happen if both metal of the same mass are supplied with the same amount of heat?
A The rate of temperature rise in the aluminium is higher
B The aluminium will expand more than the copper
C The copper will get heated up faster
D The copper will expand faster than the aluminium
27 Why does steam causes more severe burns than boiling water?
A The specific latent heat of steam is higher.
B The specific heat capacity of steam is higher.
C The temperature of steam is higher than the temperature of boiling water.
D The molecules of the steam move faster and thus hit the skin harder.

28 When water is boiled, the temperature remains constant although the heating process
continues. Which statements explain the process?
S - The energy supplied is transferred to the water molecules as kinetic energy.
T- The energy supplied is used to break the bonds between the water molecules.
U- The energy supplied is used to break up the atoms in the water molecules.
V- The energy supplies is used to do work when water expands to form steam.

A S and V
B S and U
C T and V
D U and V

29 A gas contains gas at a pressure p N m-2. At constant temperature, the gas pressure
remains unchanged because
A The size of the gas molecules remains unchanged
B The gas molecules move at constant average velocity
C The wall of the canister is very strong.
1. Diagram 2 shows a liquid-in-glass thermometer that has been used to measure a boiling
water, and melting ice. Then the thermometer is used to measure liquid Y at room
temperature. The measured temperatures are marked on the thermometer. Calculate the
temperatureof the liquid.

2. If a 43.56 g sample of propane absorbs 0.48 kJ of heat as it changes its temperature from
20.1C to 41.1C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the propane?

3. At 27C, the pressure of a car tyre is 95 kPa. After it travels for 2 hours, the pressure of
the tyre increases to 108 kPa. What is the temperature of the tyre?

4. A steel container filled with nitrous oxide at 15.0 atm is cooled down from 2C to -40C.
calculate the final pressure, assuming the volume remains constant.
5. An iron cylinder containing gas has a pressure of 360 kPa when it is kept in a store at
27C. calculate the pressure of the gas when the cylinder is moved outdoors where the
temperature is 50C.

6. 500 g of a liquid at 90C is mixed with another liquid of the same type of mass M g at
40C. The final temperature of the mixture is 60C. What is the value of M?

7. The air pressure in a car tyre is 180 kPa at a temperature of 27C. After a journey, the
temperature of the air in the tyre rises to 37C. What is the temperature of the air in the
tyre at this temperature?

8. The length of mercury in an uncalibrated thermometer is 4 cm when the thermometer is

placed in pure melting ice, and 44 cm when it is placed in pure steam. When placed in a
liquid X, the length is 48 cm. What is the temperature of the liquid X?

9. An electric heating element is immersed in 0.05 kg of oil. The temperature of the oil rises
from 20C to 50C in 100 seconds. If the specific heat capacity of the oil is 2000 Jkg-1C-
1
, what is the power supplied by the heating element?

10. A block of iron of mass 2kg at temperature 30C is heated with an electrical heater rated
100 W for 2 minutes. What is the final temperature of the block of iron? [ specific heat
capacity of iron = 452 Jkg-1C-1]
11. An electric kettle which has a power rating 2 kW contains 1.5 kg of water at 30C. how
long does it take to bring the water to boil? [ specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-
1
C-1]

12. How much heat energy is required to melt 0.3 kg of ice at 0C to water?

13. How much heat is required to change 50 g of water at 100C to steam at 100C?

14. The air in a tube has a pressure of 10 kPa at a temperature of 27C. When the pressure in
the tube becomes 35 kPa, what will be its temperature?

15. An air bubble has a volume of 10 cm3 at the bottom of a 50 m deep pond. What will be its
volume at the surface of the pond? [ atmospheric pressure = 10 m water]

16. 0.3 kg of water at a temperature of 70C is added to 0.5 kg of water at 90C. Calculate
the final temperature of the mixture.

17. 1.5 kg of water is cooled from 80C to 30C. Find the total amount of heat loss from the
water. [ specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1C-1]
18. An 0.5 kg solid is heated from 30C to C with 10400 J of energy. If its specific heat
capacity is 520 Jkg-1C-, what is the value of , in C?

19. Some ice cubes are added to 400 g of water at 30C. The minimum temperature of the
mixture of ice and water when all the ice cubes have melted is 8C. what is the mass of
ice cubes used? [ specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1C-1] [ specific latent heat of
fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105 Jkg-1C-1]

20. A 2.5 kg ice block at -4C is heated until it reaches a temperature of 50C. what is the
total heat energy required? [ specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 Jkg-1C-1] [ specific heat
capacity of water = 4200 Jkg-1C-1] [ specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105 Jkg-
1
C-1]

21. The temperature of 3kg metal block is raised from 30C to 45C when the energy of
45000 J is absorbed. What is the specific capacity of the metal?

22. A bullet travelling at 360 m s-1 is stopped by a sandbag. Assuming all the energy lost by
the bullet is converted to heat energy and is absorbed by the bullet. What is the rise in the
temperature of the bullet? [ specific heat capacity of the bullet = 120 Jkg-1C-1]

23. How much heat must be supplied to the 1.5 kg of water at 25C to change its state to
steam at 100C?
24. A container holds 500 ml of CO2 at 20C and 9.89 x 104 Pa. What will be the volume of
the CO2 if the pressure is increased to 10.6 x 104 Pa?

25. A ballon filled with air at temperature of 27C.Then the balloon is heated to a
temperature of 77C. if the pressure is kept constant, find the total volume of the balloon
if its initial volume is 15 cm3.

26. When an unmarked thermometer is placed in pure melting ice and steam, the lengths of
the mercury thread are 3.0 12.5 cm respectively. When it is placed in a substance to
measure its temperature, the length of the mercury thread is 6.5 cm. Find the temperature,
, of the substance.

27. A liquid of mass 0.5 kg is cooled from 80C to 30C. If the total heat lost in the cooling
process is 8400 J, find the specific heat capacity of the liquid.
28. How many joules of heat energy are needed to raise the temperature of a metal block of
mass 2kg from 30C to 40C if the specific heat capacity of the metal is 420 Jkg-1C-1?

29. When object X absorbs X J of heat its temperature rise is 10C. When object Y absorbs
800 J of heat, its temperature rise is 40C.
a) Which object has a higher heat capacity?

b) If the mass of X is 0.5 kg and the mass of Y is 0.04 kg, which object has a larger
specific heat capacity?

c) Which material is a better conductor of heat, that of X or Y?

30. Given the specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 3.4 x 104 J kg-1. How much time is
needed by an immersion heater of power 500 W to melt 2 kg of ice?
31. A 50 W immersion heater is used to heat some water until boils. The water is then heated
for another 135 s during which 0.003 kg of it is lost in boiling. If all the heat from the
immersion heater is used to boil away the water during 135s, calculate the specific latent
heat of vaporization of water.

32. Diagram above shows a capillary tube containing some air confined in it by a length of
Hg. At 15C, the length of the air column is 24 cm. If the pressure of the surroundings
remains constant, what is the length of the air column when it is heated to 87C?
1. Diagram below shows a steel pan with plastic handle.

a) What is meant by specific heat capacity?

b) Explain why the handle and the pot is made up of different material.

c) Explain why it is an advantage that the steel from which the pan is made has a much
lower heat capacity than the plastic from which the handle is made.

d) The mass of a steel pan is 1.2 kg and the specific heat capacity of a steel is 420 J kg-
1
C-1. The soup has a mass of 0.75 kg and a specific heat capacity of 4328 J kg-1C-1.
Calculate the total amount of heat absorbed by the pot and the soup in heating them
both from 15C to 55C.
2. Diagram below shows a cylinder with piston X. atmospheric pressure is 10 Nm-2 and the
cross-sectional area of the piston is 20 cm2.]

a) What is the definition of pressure?

b) Based on the diagram above, compare the size of air bubble trapped in the cylinder
before and after the pressure is exerted.

c) From your respond in 2.b) relate the volume of air bubble and the pressure exerted.
State the physics law that involved?

d) Why is the volume of the air bubble decreases when the piston is pushed?