School / Board Exam.

Type Questions

Very Short Answer Type Question

1. If A = {1, 3, 5, 9} and B = {2, 11}, find A B.

Sol. Given that A = {1, 3, 5, 9} and B = {2, 11} A B = {(1, 2), (1, 11), (3, 2), (3, 11), (5, 2), (5, 11), (9, 2),
(9, 11)}

2. If A B = {(a, 1), (b, 3), (a, 3), (b, 1), (a, 2), (b, 2)}. Find A and B.

Sol. Given that

A B = {(a, 1), (b, 3), (a, 3), (b, 1), (a, 2), (b, 2)}

A = set of first elements = {a, b}

B = set of second elements = {1, 2, 3}

3. Let A and B be two sets such that A B consists of 6 elements. If three elements of A B are (1, 4),
(2, 6), (3, 6). Find A.

Sol. A = {1, 2, 3}

4. Find the domain of ( ) 5 f x x .

Sol. ( ) 5 f x x

For f(x) to be defined, x 5 0 x 5 Domain = [5, )

5. If the ordered pair (x 1, 5) = (3, y 2), find x and y.

Sol. Since the ordered pairs are equal, the corresponding elements are equal

Therefore, x 1 = 3 and 5 = y 2 x = 4 and y = 3 x = 4, y = 3

Solutions

Chapter 2

Relations and Functions

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6. If f(x) = 3x2 and g(x) = 5x + 6 be two real functions. Find (f + g)(x).

Sol. Given that f(x) = 3x2

g(x) = 5x + 6 (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

= 3x2 + 5x + 6

7. If f(x) be a signum function, then find the value of f(x) at x = 5.

Sol. For signum function f(x), f(5) = 1

8. Find the value of [5.5], where [x] represents the greatest integer function of x.
Sol. [5.5] = 6

Short Answer type Question

9. If P = {a, b, c}, find P P.

Sol. P = {a, b, c} P P = {(a, a), (a, b), (a, c), (b, a), (b, b), (b, c), (c, a), (c, b), (c, c)}

10. Let A = {2, 3} and B = {5, 6}. Write A B. How many subsets will A B have?

Sol. Given that A = {2, 3}

B = {5, 6} A B = {(2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 5), (3, 6)}

Total number of subsets of A B = 24 = 16

11. List all the relations on the set A = {5, 5}.

Sol. Given that A = {5, 5}

A A = {(5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5)}

Hence all the relations on A are

{ }, {(5, 5)}, {(5, 5)}, {(5, 5)}, {(5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5),
(5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5)}{(5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5,
5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5)}, {(5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5), (5, 5)} 12. Let A = {1, 3, 6, 9}. Let R be the
relation on A defined by R = {(x, y) : x A, y A and x divides y} Find R in roster form.

Sol. Given that A = {1, 3, 6, 9} Here, R = {(x, y) : x A, y A and x divides y}

In roster form, R = {(1, 1), (1, 3), (1, 6), (1, 9), (3, 3), (3, 6), (3, 9), (6,6), (9, 9)}

13. Find the domain of the relation R given by R = {(x, y) : x N, y N and x + y = 5} Sol. Here, R = {(x,
y) : x N, y N and x + y = 5}

R = {(1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1)}

Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4}

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14. Find the range of the relation R given by R = {(x, y) : x N, y N and x2 + y2 24} Sol. Here, R =
{(x, y) : x N, y N and x2 + y2 24}

R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (4, 1), (4, 2)}

Range of R = {1, 2, 3, 4}

15. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. If R be the relation on A defined by R = {(x, y) : x A, y A and

y = 3x}. find the range of R.

Sol. Given that A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} and R = {(x, y) : x A, y A and y = 3x} R = {(1, 3), (2,
6), (3, 9)}
Range of R = {3, 6, 9} 16. If R is a relation from set A = {2, 4, 5} to set B = {1, 4, 6, 8} defined as R = {(x,
y) : x A, y B and x divides y}. Find the domain of R.

Sol. Given that A = {2, 4, 5}

B = {1, 4, 6, 8} and R = {(x, y): x A, y B and x divides y}

In roster form, R = {(2, 4), (2, 6), (2, 8), (4, 4), (4, 8)} Domain of R = {2, 4}

17. Find the domain of f(x) = |x|.

Sol. Given that f(x) = |x| = 0

00

xx

xx

Domain = R

18. Given that A = {1, 2, 3, 5} and B = {4, 6, 9}. Define a relation R from A to B by R = {(x, y): the
difference between x and y is even; x A, y B}. Write R in roster form.

Sol. Given that A = {1, 2, 3, 5}

B = {4, 6, 9} and R = {(x, y): the difference between x and y is even; x A, y B}

In roster form, R = {(1, 9), (2, 4), (2, 6), (3, 9), (5, 9)}

19. Given that A = {5, 7, 9, 13} and B = {4, 6, 7, 9, 12}. Define a relation R from A to B by R = {(x, y):
the difference between x and y is odd; x A, y B}. Write R in roster form.

Sol. Given that A = {5, 7, 9, 13}

B = {4, 6, 7, 9, 12} and R = {(x, y): the difference between x and y is odd; x A, y B}

In roster form, R = {(5, 4), (5, 6), (5, 12), (7, 4), (7, 6), (7, 12), (9, 4), (9, 6), (9, 12), (13, 4), (13, 6), (13,
12)}

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20. Find the domain of 2 ( ) 16 f x x .

Sol. 2 ( ) 16 f x x For f(x) to be defined, 16 x2 0 16 x2 x2 16 p [4, +4]

Domain = [4, +4]

21. Find the domain of f(x) = x|x|.

Sol. Given that f(x) = x|x|

=

0, 0, 0 0, xx x xx

Domain = R

22. Determine the domain of the relation R defined by

R = {(x + 1, x + 5) : x {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}} on {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} Sol. R = {(x + 1, x + 5): x {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}}

In roster form, R = {(1, 5), (2, 6), (3, 7), (4, 8), (5, 9), (6, 10)}

Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

23. If A = {3, 1, 1, 3} and

1 ,: f x x A x . Determine whether f is a function or not.

Sol. A = {3, 1, 1, 3}

and

1 ,: f x x A x

1 1 3, ,(1, 1)(1,1), 3, 33

Here f is a function because each element of A has a distinct image and no two different ordered
pairs in f have same first element.

24. If A B = {(a1, 1), (a1, 2), (a1, 3), (b1, 1), (b1, 2), (b1, 3)}. Find B A.

Sol. Here, A B = {(a1, 1), (a1, 2), (a1, 3), (b1, 1), (b1, 2), (b1, 3)} A = Set of first element = {a1, b1}

B = Set of second elements = {1, 2, 3} B A = {(1, a1), (1, b1), (2, a1), (2, b1), (3, a1), (3, b1)}

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25. Find the range of |x 15|.

Sol. Let f(x) = |x 15|

graph of y = |x 15|

x xO

15

15

from graph, range of f(x) = |x 15| is [0, ).

26. If f and g are two functions defined by

f(x) = 3x2 + 6x + 5 and g(x) = 3x 6, then find the value of 2f + g at x = 1.

Sol. Given that

f(x) = 3x2 + 6x + 5

g(x) = 3x 6

Now, (2f + g)(x) = 2f(x) + g(x)

= 2(3x2 + 6x + 5) + (3x 6)

= 6x2 + 12x + 10 + 3x 6

= 6x2 + 15x + 4

Putting x = 1, we get

6x2 + 15x + 4 = 6(1)2 + 15(1) + 4

= 6 + 15 + 4

= 25

27. If f(x) = x2 3x + 1, find x R such that f(2x) = f(x).

Sol. Given that

f(x) = x2 3x + 1

Now, f(2x) = (2x)2 3(2x) + 1

= 4x2 6x + 1

Since f(x) = f(2x) x2 3x + 1 = 4x2 6x + 1 3x2 3x = 0 3x(x 1) = 0 x = 0, 1 x = 0, 1

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Long Answer Type Questions 28. Let R be a relation on the set of natural numbers N such that R =
{(x, y) : x + 2y = 41; x, y N}. Find the domain and range of R. Sol. x can be only be those natural
numbers for which y N 41 2 x yN 41 x is even x is odd x = 1, 3, 5, 7,.......37, 39

clearly, y = 1, 2,...........20 Domain of R = {1, 3, 5, 7,.......37, 39}

Range of R = {1, 2,........20}

29. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and B = {x, y, z}. Let R be a relation from A to B defined by R = {(1, x), (1, z), (3,
x), (4, y)}

Draw arrow diagram of relation R.

Sol. Given R = {(1, x), (1, z), (3, x), (4, y)}

1
2

30. If A and B are two non-empty sets having n elements in common then prove that A B and B A
have n2 elements in common. Sol. Let C = A B then C C = (A B) (A B) = (A B) (B A) = (A
B) (B A)[ (A C) (B D) = (A B) (C D)] Since A B has n elements, so C has n elements
Hence C C has n2 elements (A B) (B A) has n2 elements Hence A B and B A has n2
elements in common

31. For any three sets A, B, C, prove that (i) A (B C) = (A B) (A C) (ii) A (B C) = (A B) (A

C) Sol. (i) Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of A (B C). then, (a, b) A (B C) a A and b B
C a A and (b B or b C) (a A and b B) or (a A and b C) (a, b) A B or (a, b) A C
(a, b) (A B) (A C) A (B C) (A B) (A C) ...(i)

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Again let (x, y) be an arbitrary element of (A B) (A C) then (x, y) (A B) (A C) (x, y) (A

B) or (x, y) A C (x A and y B) or (x A and y C) x A and (y B or y C) x A and y (B
C) (x, y) A (B C) (A B) (A C) A (B C) ...(ii)

Hence from (i) and (ii), A (B C) = (A B) (A C) (ii) Let (a, b) be an arbitiary element of A (B
C) then (a, b) A (B C) a A and b (B C) a A and (b B and b C) (a A and b B) and
(a A and b C) (a, b) A B and (a, b) A C (a, b) (A B) (A C) A (B C) (A B) (A
C) ...(i) Again, let (x, y) be an arbitrary element of (A B) (A C) Then (x, y) (A B) (A C) (x,
y) (A B) and (x, y) (A C) (x A and y B) and (x A and y C) x A and (y B and y C) x
A and y (B C) (x, y) A (B C) (A B) (A C) A (B C) ...(ii)

from (i) and (ii), A (B C) = (A B) (A C) 32. If A B, show that A A (A B) (B A)

Sol. Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of A A Now, (a, b) A A a A and b A (a A, b A)

and (a A and b A) (a A, b B) and (a B, b A) (a, b) (A B) and (a, b) (B A) (a, b) (A
B) (B A) (A A) (A B) (B A) Hence A B A A (A B) (B A)

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33. If A B, prove that A C B C for any set C.

Sol. Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of A C then (a, b) A C a A and b C a B and b C

(a, b) B C A C B C 34. If A B and C D, prove that A C B D.
Sol. Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of A C. Then (a, b) (A C) a A and b C a B and b D
(a, b) B D A C B D

35. For any sets A, B, C, D, prove that

(A B) (C D) = (A C) (B D) Sol. Let (a, b) be an arbitrary element of (A B) (C D) then (a,

b) (A B) (C D) (a, b) (A B) and (a, b) (C D) (a A and b B) and (a C and b D) (a
A and a C) and (b B and b D) a (A C) and b (B D) (a, b) (A C) (B D) Similarly, (A
C) (B D) (A B) (C D) Hence (A B) (C D) = (A C) (B D)

36. Determine domain and range of the relation

R = {(x, y) : y = |x 1|, x Z and |x| 3} Sol. Let R = {(x, y) : y = |x 1|, x z and |x| 3} = {(x, y) : y =
|x 1|, x z and 3 x 3} [ |x| 3 3 x 3]

= {(x, y) : y = |x 1|, x = 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3}

Since y = |x 1| y = 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2

Hence R = {(3, 4), (2, 3), (1, 2), (0, 1), (1, 0), (2, 1), (3, 2)} Domain of R = set of first elements of
all ordered pairs belonging to R

= {3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3}

Range of R = set of second elements of all ordered pairs belonging to R

= {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}

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SECTION - B

Model Test Paper

Very Short Answer Type Questions :

1. If A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4, 5}. Find B A.

Sol. B A = {(3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1), (4, 2), (5, 1), (5, 2)}

2. Find a and b, if (2a, a + b) = (6, 2).

Sol. a = 3, b = 1

3. If the set A has 3 elements and the set B = {7, 9, 11}, then find the number of elements in A B.

Sol. n(A B) = 9

4. Given that R = {(1, x), (1, 3), (3, x), (4, y)}. Find the domain of R.

Sol. Domain of R = {1, 3, 4}

5. Let A = {p, q, r} and B = {s, t}. Find the number of relations from A to B.

Sol. n(A B) = 6
total number of relations = 26 = 64

6. If f(x + 1) = x2 + 1, then find the value of f(x).

Sol. f(x) = x2 2x + 2

7. Find the domain of function

()

fx

x .

Sol. 1 x2 > 0

x2 < 1 1 < x < 1 Domain of f(x) = (1, 1)

Short Answer Type Questions :

8. If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 2} and C = {3, 5, 7}, then find

(i) A (B C). (ii) (A B) (A C). Sol. (i) B C = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7} A (B C) = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1,
5), (1, 7), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 5), (2, 7), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7)}

(ii) A B = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}

A C = {(1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 7), (2, 3), (2, 5), (2, 7), (3, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7)}

(A B) (A C) =

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9. (i) If A = {4, 5}, B = {6, 7}, C = {7, 8}, Find (A B) (B C).

(ii) If A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 3}, Find (A B) (B A).

Sol. (i) A B = {(4, 6), (4, 7), (5, 6), (5, 7)}

B C = {(6, 7), (6, 8), (7, 7), (7, 8)} (A B) (B C) = {(4, 6), (4, 7), (5, 6), (5, 7), (6, 7), (6, 8), (7, 7), (7,
8)}

(ii) A B = {(1, 1), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 3)}

B A = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)} (A B) (B A) = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2)}

10. (i) If (x + 2 , 4) = (5, 2x + y), find x and y.

(ii) If (x 2, 2y + 1) = (y 1, x + 2), find x and y.

Sol. (i) x + 2 = 5 and 4 = 2x + y x = 3 and 4 = 2(3) + y y = 2 x = 3, y = 2

(ii) x 2 = y 1 x y = 1 ...(i)

and 2y + 1 = x + 2 x 2y = 1 ...(ii)

from (i) and (ii),

xy

xy

2 = 1

=1+

y = 2

y=2

and x = 1 + 2 = 3 x = 3 and y = 2

11. The Cartesian product has 9 elements among which are found (1, 0) and (0, 1). Find the set A
and the remaining elements of A A.

Sol. Let n(A) = p

Given n(A A) = 9 n(A)n(A) = 9 p2 = 9 p = 3 n(A) = 3

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now, (1, 0) A A 1 A and 0 A again, (0, 1) A A 0 A and 1 A thus {1, 0, 1} A

but A has exactly three elements A = {1, 0, 1}

Remaining elements of A A are

(1, 1), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)

12. Let A be a non-empty set such that A B = A C. Show that B = C.

Sol. Given that A B = A C

A and B are non-empty sets

to prove B = C

Let b be an arbitrary element of B since A is non-empty there exists a A Now, a A and b B (a,
b) A B (a, b) A B [ A B = A C] b C Thus b B b C B C ...(i)

Again let c be an arbitrary element of C Since A is non-empty there exists a A Now, a A and c
C (a, c) A C (a, c) A B c B Thus c C c B C B ...(ii)

from (i) and (ii), B = C

13. Find the linear relation between the elements of the ordered pairs of the relation R, where R =
{(2, 1), (4, 7), (1, 2)....}.

Sol. Given R = {(2, 1), (4, 7), (1, 2),...........}

Let y = ax + b be the linear relation between the components of R Since (2, 1) R y = ax + b 1 = 2a
+ b ...(i) Also (4, 7) R y = ax + b 7 = 4a + b ...(ii) Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get 2a = 6 a = 3
substituting a = 3 in (i), we get 1 = 6 + b b = 5

putting a = 3 and b = 5 in y = ax + b, we have

y = 3x 5, which is the required relation

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14. Given f(x + 1) = 3x + 5, find f(x).

Sol. f(x + 1) = 3x + 5

Putting x 1 in place of x we get,

f(x 1 + 1) = 3(x 1) + 5 f(x) = 3x 3 + 5 f(x) = 3x + 2 f(x) = 3x + 2

15. Which of the following relations are functions? Give reasons. If it is a function, determine its
domain and range.

(i) f = {(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5), (4, 6), (5, 7)}.

(ii) g = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (6, 0), (7, 2)}.

Sol. (i) Given that f = {(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5), (4, 6), (5, 7)}

Here every first element has one and only one image, therefore f is a function.

Domain of f = set of first elements of all ordered pairs in f

= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Range of f = set of second elements of all ordered pairs in f

= {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

(ii) Given that g = {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), (6, 0), (7, 2)}

Here, every first element has one and only one image, therefore g is a function

Domain of g = set of first elements of all ordered pairs in g

= {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7}

Range of g = set of second elements of all ordered pairs in g

= {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}

16. Draw the graph of the function 1, 0 ( ) 0, 0 1, 0 x f x x x Sol. Let y = f(x), then

for x > 0, y = 1, which is a straight line parallel to x-axis at a distance of 1 unit from x-axis towards
positive direction of y-axis.

for x = 0, y = 0, which is origin

For x < 0, y = 1, which is a straight line parallel to x-axis at a distance of 1 unit from x-axis towards
negative direction of x-axis Y

XX

y=1

y = 1

This function is also called the signum function

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17. Let

2 , : 2 x f x x R x be a function from R to R. Determine the range of f.

Sol.

2 , : 2 x f x x R x

22

2y + yx2 = x2

x2(y 1) = 2y

22

,
2

y y 01 +ve+ve ve

Range of f is ( , 0] (1, )

18. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ....., 20}. Define a relation R from A to A by R = {(x, y) : 3x y = 1}. Also write down
its domain, codomain and range.

Sol. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ....., 20}

R = {(x, y) : 3x y = 1}

Also write down its domain, co-domain and range

y = 3x 1

Domain = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

1234567

2 5 8 11 14 17 20

AB

Range = {2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20}

Co-domain = {1, 2, ....., 20}

19. Let g = {(2, 4), (1, 5), (2, a), (a, b)} describe by g(x) = px + q where p, q R, find a, b.

Sol. g = {(2, 4), (1, 5), (2, a), (a, b)}

g(x) = p(x) + q

4 = p(2) + q

a=4

2 1 2 a

4 5 a b x gx () AB
5 = p + q

+9 = 3p

3 p=3

p=3

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4 = 2p + q

q = 4 6 = 2

g(x) = 3x 2

g(2) = 3 2 2 = 4 a = 4 and b = 10

g(4) = 12 2 = 10

Long Answer Type Questions : 20. Define the function f : R R by y = f(x) = x2, x R. Complete the
table given below by using this definition. What is the domain and range of the function. Draw the
graph of f

x 5 4 2 0 1 3 5 7 10 y = f(x) = x2

Sol. The completed table is given below

x 5 4 2 0 1 3 5 7 10 y = f(x) = x2 25 16 4 0 1 9 25 49 100

Here f(x) is defined for all real x Domin = R

Here, f(x) takes only non-negative values Range = [0, )

XX

yx = 2

01 2 3 4-4 -3-2-1

10

15

Graph of = yx 2

21. Find the domain and range:

(i)
2 1 ( ) , 1 x fx x x 1.

(ii) 2 1 ( ) , 1 fx x x 1.

Sol. (i)

2 1 ( ) , 1 1 x f x x x Here f(x) is defined for all real x 1 Domain = R {1}

Let

2 1

()

yfx

41(School/Board Exams.) Solutions Relations and Functions

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd.-Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka,
New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456

or y = x + 1, x 1 y 2

Hence range of f = R {2}

(ii) Given 2 1 ( ) , 1 fx x x 1

Let 2 1 () 1 y f x x for y to be real, 1 x2 0 x2 1 x 1

Hence domain of f(x) = R{1, 1}

Also, 2

1 x

11

yy

1 y x y
for x to be real,

1 0 y y

< y < 0 or 1 y <

sign scheme for

1y

+ve+ve ve 10 Hence range = ( , 0) [1, )

22. Find the domain and range of the function

2()32fxxx .

Sol. 2 ( ) 3 2 f x x x

for f(x) to be defined x2 3x + 2 0 (x 1)(x 2) 0

+ve+ve ve 21

sign scheme for 3 + 2 xx 2

< x 1 or 2 x <

Domain = ] , 1] [2, [

To find range :

Let

320yxx

42 Relations and Functions (School/Board Exams.) Solutions

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd.-Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka,
New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456

y2 = x2 3x + 2 x2 3x + (2 y2) = 0 ...(i) for x to be real, discriminant of (i) 0 i.e., (3)2 4(2

y2) 0 9 8 + 4y2 0 4y2 1

y2

which is always true

but also y 0 Range = [0, )

23. Let f and g be two functions defined by

()2fxx
and

2 ( ) 1 g x x

Determine the following functions:

(i) f + g

(ii) fg

(iii)

fg

Sol. Given ( ) 2 f x x

domain of f = [2, ) = Df

and g(x) = 2 1 x

domain of g = ( , 1] [1, ) = Dg Let D = Df Dg = [2, )

(i) (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

2 2 1 xx , domain = [2, )

(ii) f(x)g(x) = ( fg)(x)

= 22 2 1 ( 2)( 1) x x x x domain = [2, )

(iii) 2 2 () 2 2 () () 1 1 f f x x x x g g x x x

domain = [2, )

43(School/Board Exams.) Solutions Relations and Functions

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd.-Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka,
New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456

24. Let R be a relation defined by

R = {(a, b) : ab + 2 > 0}. Verify the following (i) (a, a) R for all a A (ii) (a, b) R implies (b, a) R
(iii) (a, b) R and (b, c) R implies (a, c) R

Sol. Let R be a relation defined by

R = {(a, b) : ab + 2 > 0} (i) (a, a) R for all a A

a2 + 2 > 0 it is true (ii) (a, b) R implies (b, a) R

ab + 2 > 0 ba + 2 > also true

it is also true. (iii) (a, b) R and (b, c) R implies (a, c) R

ab + 2 > 0, bc + 2 > 0 then ac + 2 > 0

e.g.,

12202 2 1 2 5 a b c1 520 2
2 5 + 2 < 0 not ture

it is not true.

25. Find the domain and range of

2 23 , : 32 x f x x R x

Sol. The domain and range of f =

2 23 , : 32 x x xR x

23

32 x

domain R

3y + 2yx2 = 2 + 3x2

(2y 3)x2 = 2 3y

2 23 23 y

23

0 23 yy

23

23 y

32 0 23 yy

Range

23 , 32

+ve+ve ve

2
3

23 32 y

44 Relations and Functions (School/Board Exams.) Solutions

Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd.-Regd. Office: Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka,
New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456

26. Find the domain and range of

(i) 2 ( ) 3 f x x

(ii) 2 ( ) 16 f x x

(iii) 2 ( ) 9 f x x

Sol. Domain and range of

(i) 2 ( ) 3 f x x Domain R

2 30 x

Range = [ 3, )

(ii) 2 ( ) 16 f x x 2 16 0 x

2 16 0 x

( 4)( 4) 0 xx

[4, 4]

Domain = [ 4, 4]

Range = [0, 4]

(iii) 2 ( ) 9 fxx

Domain 2 90 x

( 3)( 3) 0 xx

( , 3] [3, )

Range = [0, )

Type equation here.