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RESERVOIR PERFORMANCE
MONITORING (RPM)

Robert Pahmiyer
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RPM Vision

Provide Reservoir Performance Monitoring

Products and Services focused on
Enhancing the Reservoir and Well

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RPM Monitoring Products and Services

Temperature Pressure

OptoLog DTS EZ-Gauge

Fiber Optic Distributed Temperature Monitoring Permanent Pressure Monitoring
Fluid Entry Identification
Gas or Water Breakthrough
Symphony
Cross-Flow Plus, Pro, Premium
Steamflood Management Electronic Permanent P/T Monitoring
Realtime Stimulation Optimization

iViewTM Reservoir Management

OptoLog DTS Visualization Reservoir Energy
Drive Mechanism
iFlowTM Permeability
Skin
OptoLog DTS Flow Profiling

StimWatchTM
Real-Time Stimulation Monitoring and
Optimization

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3 Key RPM Products

EZ-GaugeTM
Permanent Pressure Monitoring
SymphonyTM
Electronic Permanent P/T Monitoring
Systems
OptoLogTM DTS Fiber Optic Distributed
Temperature Monitoring System

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EZ-GaugeTM
Permanent Pressure Monitoring

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EZ-GaugeTM
Permanent Pressure
Monitoring
Benefits:
Extremely reliable system
Excellent for HT and high-vibration applications
System integrity validated at surface
Accuracy of 0.01% FS (Quartz)

1200 600
D ownhole
W ellhead
D elta P - D H to W H
1000 500

800 400

Delta Pressure (psia)

Pressure (psia)

600 300

400 200

200 100

0 0
0 50 100 150 200
T ime (hrs)

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EZ-Gauge Technology
Advantages
No downhole electronics
Cost effective
Suitable for harsh environments Temp > 600F
Accurate quartz/strain pressure gauge
Rugged and robust design
Easy to install and maintain

Worldwide Installations :
Oil Wells
Steamflood Wells
Gas Wells
Geothermal Wells
Pumping Wells
Waste Disposal Wells
Gas Storage
Wells

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Key EZ-Gauge Recent Projects

EZ-Gauge Permanent Pressure Monitoring System:
Philippines - Unocal
Indonesia - Caltex
China Dagang, Kela, Yanxia
Bolivia - BP
Vietnam JVPC
India Oilex
Malaysia - Petronas
Permian - Oxy, Kinder Morgan
Rockies - Chevron, Shell
Bakersfield - Venoco, Aera, XOM, Dcor
Northeast - NNG Iowa, NNG Kansas, Peoples Energy Illinois
SouthEast - Winchester
Canada Suncor

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2005-06 Case History Vietnam

Customer Challenge Reliability
Halliburton Solution EZ-Gauge
Pressure Monitoring System
5 Wells Installed in 2005
2 Wells Installed in 2006 to date

Customer Testimonial
"For quite some time, we have been searching for a reliable downhole monitoring system for our
unique and heterogeneous reservoir type (fractured granite basement), which has extremely high
downhole temperatures up to 312 degrees Fahrenheit. We have selected to run the EZ-
Gauge system, free of downhole electronics, as it is the most suitable solution for our
requirements. We look forward to the improved reliability of the EZ-Gauge system and are
considering increasing the percentage of wells that can include this downhole instrumentation in
the future,"
Senior Petroleum Engineering Manager, Vietnam.

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2005 Case History California

Customer Challenge Reliable Downhole Pressure for
Reservoir Management and Optimizing Lift of Heavy Crude
Halliburton Solution Permanent EZ-Gauge System

6 Permanent Installations in 2005

3 Installs to date in 2006
Close to 90 Permanent Installations over last 10 years

Customer Testimonial
I can tell you these systems are widely touted by us users. It can also save us thousands in
fluid level work if we had it in every well. This, of course is critical reservoir management
data. I use it to optimize wells. So there you have it:
invaluable data always live and available
reliable and durable
simple to understand
Production Engineer, California

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Two key areas of Customer Concern

Data quality

Safety/Reliability

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EZ-Gauge vs Memory, Resolution and

Accuracy

Small scale pressure

variations seen with
the memory data are
matched in the EZ-
Gauge data

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EZ-Gauge versus EMR

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Log-Log Derivative DHSIT #1

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Safety/Reliability Concerns

Possible Failure - Crushed or Ripped Cap

tubing on trip in hole.
Probability of Occurrence - < 1% of trips in hole.
Worst Case Scenario Problem identified on trip
in hole.
Solution - Well equipment is pulled back out of hole
until bad spot is found. Pull equipment entirely or, if
splice is allowed, perform a high pressure splice of
capillary tubing allowing continued running of well
equipment

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Safety/Reliability Concerns cont..

Possible Failure - Hole develops in Cap

tubing or volume chamber due to corrosion.
Probability of Occurrence - Less likely than hole
in production tubing. No cases to date with
systems installed over 22 years!

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Possible Failure - Well destroyed at sea-floor due to

surface disaster.
Probability of Occurrence - Very unlikely but possible.
Worst Case Scenario Cap tubing is parted at sea-floor
allowing fluids to flow to sea-floor.
Production rates of gas are limited by sonic velocity of gas
and extremely small capacity of cap tubing normally not
exceeding 5 cu ft per min.
Liquids entering cap tube will reduce rates to near zero
Risk Mitigation
Not necessary for liquid production.
Potential gas flow rates exceed regulation for re-entry of
well, install cap tbg sub-surface safety valve to prevent
flow if disaster occurs.

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SymphonyTM
Electronic Permanent P/T Monitoring Systems

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Symphony Plus
Specifications
Sensor - Piezo-resistive up to 10k psi
Temperature Rating : 302F (150C)
Drift < 3 psi / year
Accuracy 0.05% full scale
Resolution 0.0003% full scale

Features/Benefits
Cost effective
Low power consumption
Small size
Rugged and reliable
Low maintenance
Real-time surface readout

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Symphony Pro
Specifications
Sensor - Quartz up to 16k psi
Temperature Rating: 350F (175C)
Drift < 3 psi / year
Accuracy 0.01% full scale
Resolution 0.00006% full scale

Features & Benefits

Cost effective
High quality data
Instantaneous response
Low power consumption
Small size
Rugged and reliable
Low maintenance
Real-time surface readout

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Symphony Premium
Specifications
Sensor Quartz
P Range : 0-10k psi, 16k psi, 20k psi
T Range : 0 -200 C
Accuracy
0.02% full scale for Pressure
+/- 1 C
Resolution
0.01 psi, 0.01 C
Drift < 2 psi / year
High quality data

Features/Benefits
Small size or 1 OD
Rugged, reliable and proven
Real-time surface readout

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Key Symphony Recent Projects

Symphony Permanent P/T Monitoring

System:
Alaska - BP
Canada Vaquero, Defiant, High Pine, Trident
Russia - Achimgas
Angola - XOM
Sakhalin - XOM
Mexico - Pemex
Algeria BP
Brazil - ChevTex

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2005-06 Case History Alaska

Customer Challenge Reliable Cost Effective Downhole
Monitoring
Halliburton Solution Permanent Symphony Plus System
Installations:
Installed 3 in 2004
Installed 7 in 2005
Projected to Install at least 10 in 2006

Customer Testimonial
Good Job, People and Equipment -
Completion Engineer, Alaska

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2005-06 Case History Mexico

Customer Challenge High Temp Downhole Monitoring
Halliburton Solution Permanent Symphony Premium System
Installations:
Installed 1 in 2005
Installed 4 to date in 2006
Projected to Install additional 17 in 2006

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OptoLogTM
Distributed Temperature Monitoring

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 OptoLogTM DTS Fiber Optics
Distributed Temperature Monitoring
Temperature measurement every meter along the length of fiber

DTS backscattered
laser pulse light

laser
fiber
detection

Depth to reflection determined from total travel time.

scattered light spectrum
Temp. dependent
Function of Raman Raleigh

intensity
Temperature Stokes and Anti-stokes
Anti-
Backscatter Stokes Stokes

-n 0 +n
Wavelength shift
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Point Vs. Distributed Sensing

OptoLogTM DTS
Single Probe Traverse Multi Single Probe
Distributed
Multi-Point
Temp. Sensing

T1 T1
T1

T2 T1 T1

T=Time T3 T1 T1

T4 T1 T1

T5 T1 T1

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OptoLogTM DTS
Fiber-Optic Distributed
Temperature Monitoring
Benefits:

Wellbore temperature every 1-meter

Monitor steam flood movement
Identify fluid entry points
Identify gas or water breakthrough locations
Identify fluid cross-flow
Calculated Flow profile
Permanent or Semi-Permanent or Retrievable

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OptoLog DTS Deployment Options

Permanent
Strapped to casing or Tubing
FiberTube Pre-installed fiber
ElectroFiber Conductor+Fiber
FiberStem Pushed fiber
FiberStream Pumped fiber
Retrievable
Like wireline
FiberTube
FiberCable
Inside coiled tubing
FiberTube Pre-installed fiber
FiberCable

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OptoLog Key DTS Applications

iFlowTM - Flow or Injection

Profiling
StimWatchSM Stimulation
Monitoring Service

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iFlowTM Analysis of DTS Data for Fluid Entry Quantification

Well 7196B-2
0
Rate (stb/d)
Rate (stb/d)
100 200 300 400 500 600 Observed
700 800 900 1000
0

Identified steam
200
fluid entry anomaly. Grad
DTS
Simulated
points. Rate
400 Cum Rate
Case History
600
On-Shore California
Allocated
800
flow rates. Wheres the fluid coming
Depth (ft)

from?
Depth (ft)

1000

Answer:
iFlow with OptoLog DTS Data
1200

1400

1600 SPE Journal of Petroleum

Engineering, Tech Update,
1800
November 2004
2000
95 100 105 110 115 120
Temperature
Temperature F (F)
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2005 Case History Rockies

Customer Challenge Maximizing Micro-Darcy Reservoir
Drainage
Solution OptoLog DTS and iFlowTM Flow Profiling
Pilot Project Retrievable DTS Surveys with iFlow Analysis (direct
comparison to PL)

3 Retrievable OptoLog DTS Surveys with iFlow in 2005

1 Permanent OptoLog DTS Installation (monobore) in 2005
Expected to install 2 wells in 2006
Additional Work for EZ-Gauge 3 wells

Customer Testimonial
Halliburton RPM crews deserve a lot of credit
for a safe and fully functional installation -
Completion Engineer, Wyoming

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iFlow Example Results

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StimWatchSM Stimulation Monitoring

Service
Powered By OptoLogTM DTS

Enhanced real time monitoring

and optimization of stimulation
treatments

Maximizing production thru

improved job placement

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StimWatchTM - Real-Time Visualization of OptoLog DTS

Data During an Acid Stimulation
Maximize efficiency of Acid job
Real time decisions for duration of stimulation job.
Identify problems during job to allow for changes to procedure.
Ensure proper placement of acid.
Monitor diversion process

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SM
StimWatch - Acid Job Example 1

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SM
StimWatch - Acid Job Example 2

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Key Recent OptoLog Projects

OptoLog DTS Distributed Temperature

Monitoring System
Bakersfield Oxy, Aera, Berry Pet.
Rockies Shell, Ivanhoe
Brazil - Petrobras
Indonesia Caltex
Indonesia - Total

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RPM Oil & Gas Installations

OptoLog
EZ-Gauge
FastQ

Perm Retrieve Total Deepest Oldest

EZ-Gauge +1400 +3000 +4400 22,000 23 yrs
OptoLog +105 +4500 +4605 17,000 7 yrs
Symphony Plus/Pro 20 2 22 15,000 2 yrs
FastQ 3 +200 +203

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QUESTIONS?

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