Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. Which of the following has maximum ionic character?
(1) LiCl (2) NaCl (3) KCl (4) CsCl
Sol. Answer (4)
Cl is common hence larger the cation more will be the ionic character (Fajans rule). Hence, CsCl will have
highest ionic character.
2. Which of the following compounds has a central atom assuming sp3 hybridisation?
(1) SO3 (2) PCl5 (3) NH3 (4) CO32
Sol. Answer (3)
NH3
1
VSEP = (V + M C + A)
2
1
= (5 + 3 0 + 0) = 4 sp3
2
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
94 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
K C N
KCN has ionic and covalent bonds.
11. Which of the following species will have intramolecular hydrogen bonding ?
H OH
C C
(1) O (2) O
H
O
o-Hydroxybenzaldehyde O H
m-Hydroxybenzoic acid
O H
Cl
(3) (4)
H
C
N O
O O o-Chlorobenzaldehyde
p-Nitrophenol
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 95
Sol. Answer (1)
C
O Intramolecular
H Hydrogen bonding
O
NH +4 = 7 + 4 1 = 10e
BH 4 = 5 + 4 + 1= 10e
Both have same number of electrons and same total number of atoms, hence, isostructural.
Cl F I Xe
O O
F I O
3 3 3
spd spd sp
T-Shaped Linear Pyramidal
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
96 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
17. In which of the following reactions hybridisation of underlined species is not changing?
NH 3 +H NH 4
sp 3 sp 3
NO 2 = 7 + 8 2 1= 22
When NH3 converts into NH4 number of lone pair decreases, hence, bond angle increases.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 97
21. Among KO2, AlO2+, BaO2 and NO2+ unpaired electron is present in
(1) NO2+ and BaO2 (2) KO2 and AlO2+ (3) KO2 only (4) BaO2 only
Sol. Answer (3)
KO 2 K O 2
AlO 2 Al 3 O 22
BaO 2 Ba 2 O 22
NO 2 ONO
Species Bond order No. of unpaired electron
3
O 2 1
2
O 22 1 0
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
Cl Cl
(5, 2, 3) linear
XeF2, BP = 2, LP = 3 Total no. of hybridized orbital = 5
(5, 2, 3) linear
SO2 , O S O , BP = 2 , LP = 1 Total no. of hybridized orbital = 3
120 120
120
P P
=0
27. Pick out the isoelectronic structures from the following.
(i) CH3+ (ii) H3O+
(iii) NH3 (iv) CH3
(1) (i) and (ii) (2) (iii) and (iv) (3) (i) and (iii) (4) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Sol. Answer (4)
O N C
and are Isoelectronic
H H H H H H H H H
28. The type of hybrid orbitals used by chlorine atom in ClO2 is
(1) sp3 (2) sp2 (3) sp (4) sp3d
Sol. Answer (1)
ClO 2
1
VSEP = (V + M C + A)
2
1
= (7 + 0 0 + 1)
2
8
= 4 sp3
2
29. Which of the following molecule is of T-shape?
(1) I3 (2) ClF3 (3) SF4 (4) XeF4
Sol. Answer (2)
CIF3 is T-shaped.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 99
30. The molecule which has pyramidal shape is
(1) SO3 (2) NO3 (3) CO32 (4) PF3
Sol. Answer (4)
P
is pyramidal with one lone and three bond pairs.
F F F
Cl
|
C
CCl4 ;
Cl | Cl
Cl
All atoms in surrounding are same and no lone pairs present on central atom.
Hence = 0
32. Polarization is the distortion of shape of an anion by the cation. Which statement is correct?
(1) Maximum polarization is done by cation of high charge
(2) A large cation is likely to bring larger degree of polarization
(3) A smaller anion is likely to undergo a higher degree of polarization
(4) Minimum polarization is done by cation of small size
Sol. Answer (1)
Smaller the cation and larger the anion, higher is polarization.
33. Arrange the given species in increasing order of OO bond length
H2 O 2 , KO 2 , Na 2O 2 , O2
I II III IV
(1) I < III < IV < II (2) II < I < IV < III (3) IV < I < III < II (4) IV < II < I < III
O KO H O Na O
2 2 2 2 2 2
Increasing OO bond length
34. In which of the following, central atom does not have one lone pair of electron?
(1) PCl5 (2) NH3 (3) PCl3 (4) XeF6
Cl Cl
ClPCl
|
Cl
Since P-has 5e in its outermost shell and is forming 5 bonds hence all the 5e are consumed and no lone
pair will remain.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
100 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
CO CO
Bond length
1.128 1.115
36. Which of the following combination of orbitals will form a nonbonding molecular orbital ?
+ + +
(1) + (2) + +
+ +
+ +
(3) + + + (4) +
+ +
+
+ Non-bonding overlap
NO NO NO 2 NO 3
I II III IV
(1) I < II < III < IV (2) II < I < III < IV (3) II < III < IV < I (4) I < III < IV < II
Sol. Answer (2)
Compound Bond order
NO 2.5
NO 3
3
NO2
2
4
NO3
3
1
Bond length
Bond order
38. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing dipole moment m-dichlorobenzene (I), o-dichlorobenzene
(II), p-dichlorobenzene (III)
(1) I < II < III (2) II < III < I (3) I < III < II (4) III < I < II
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 101
Sol. Answer (4)
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
I II
III
P
O O
O
O P P O
O
O O
P
O
Each P is attached to 4 oxygen atoms.
O
40. Correct order of bond angle for OPX ( P angle) in the given molecules is
X
O
P greatest
F FF
More electronegative substituent
41. The species having bond order different from that in CO is [IIT-JEE 2007]
(1) NO (2) NO+ (3) CN (4) N2
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
102 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Pyramidal
S
O F
F
F O
Xe
See saw.
F O
45. Assuming that Hunds rule is violated, the bond order and magnetic nature of the diatomic molecule B2
is [IIT-JEE 2010]
(1) 1 and diamagnetic (2) 0 and diamagnetic
(3) 1 and paramagnetic (4) 0 and paramagnetic
2p2X
1s 2 * 1s 2 2s 2 * 2s 2
2p0Y
Bond order = 1
and diamagnetic.
46. Assuming 2s-2p mixing is NOT operative, the paramagnetic species among the following is
[JEE(Advanced)2014]
(1) Be2 (2) B2 (3) C2 (4) N2
Be2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s2
B2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz2
C2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz22px12py1
N2 = 1s2*1s22s2*2s22pz22px22py2
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 103
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)
O
||
FXeF BP = 4, LP = 1 VSEP = 5 , (5, 4, 1) seesaw
||
O
F do not have d orbital hence it is always monovalent but Cl, Br, I have d orbital hence can show variable
valency.
4. Molecular axis is Z axis, then which of the following combination of orbitals will result in formation of s molecular
orbitals?
(1) NH3, NF3, BF3 (2) NO3, NO2, SF4 (3) XeO4, NH4+, CH4 (4) CH3, NH3, NF3
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
104 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Dipole moment of CH3Cl is more than CH3F because bond length of CF is less (charge in both is same).
=qd
(4) In CO32 ion all CO bonds are equal, while in H2CO3 all CO bonds are not equal
In (SiH3)3N lone pair is delocalized hence lone pair-bond pair repulsion decreases, hence, bond angle
increases.
9. In which of the following pairs first partner is more soluble in water than second partner ?
O O
(1) H and H (2) NaCl and AgCl
O O
N N
O O
o-Nitrophenol p-Nitrophenol
O
H
OH O
C
(3) Be(OH)2 and Ba(OH)2 (4) and
HOOC OH
p-Hydroxybenzoic o-Hydroxybenzoic
acid acid
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
SF4 and XeO2F2 both have 5 VSEP, 4 bond pair and 1 lone pair.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 105
11. Bond order increases in which of the given transitions?
When CO CO+, bond order increases from 3 to 3.5 and when O2 O 2 bond order increases from
2 to 2.5 because in both case electron is removed from antibonding molecular orbital.
12. Which of the following is correct order as per the property mentioned with it?
(1) 2pz < *2p z = 2p y < *2p y (Energy order for O2 molecule)
}CH3
(4) < CH2 = CH CH3 < CH3 CH2 CH = CH2 (CC Bond length)
N P As
H | H H | H H | H
H H H
EN N > P > As
CH3 is electron donating and CN is electron attracting, hence, order of dipole moment will be o < m < p
CH3
CH2=CHCH3, Here CH3 can show hyper conjugation hence bond length will be between single and double
bond.
CH3CH2CH=CH2.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
106 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
13. Which of the following are correctly matched with name of bond present between them?
Joining Entities Bond
(1) 2 ice cubes pressed together Hydrogen bonding
(2) Hydrated sodium ions with hydrated chloride ion Dipole-dipole interaction
(3) H2 gas molecules Hydrogen bonding
(4) HCl gas molecules London's dispersive force
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
H2 gas molecule can not form H-bonding.
HCl gas molecules have dipole interaction.
14. Amongst the given structures, which are permissible resonance forms?
.. .. .. + .. +
(1) CH2 N O
.. ] (2) CH2 = N = O (3) CH2 = N O
.. (4) CH2 N = O
..
..
..
F2 CsF
Covalent Ionic
A
Where A , B and C respectively are compounds which have more ionic, covalent and metallic character
respectively. Which combination go well for A , B and C ?
(1) MgF2, I2, Na3Bi (2) IF7, ClF, Na3N (3) BeF2, S8, Na3Sb (4) OF2, ClF, NF3
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
MgF2 I2 Na3Bi
BeF2 S8 Na3Sb
In ice water molecules are excessively H-bonded giving a cage-like structure which is lighter than water.
Primary amines are more basic than tertiary amines in aqueous solution mainly due to H-bonding with water
molecules. Dimerisation of acetic acid in benzene is due to intermolecular H-bonding.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 107
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
In molecular orbital theory (MOT), the atoms in a molecule are supposed to loose their individual control over the
electrons. The nuclei of the bonded atoms are considered to be present at equilibrium in inter-nuclear positions.
The orbitals where the probability of finding electrons is maximum are multicentred orbitals called molecular orbitals
extending over 2 or more nuclei when a pair of atomic orbitals combine and give rise to a pair of molecular orbitals
bonding and antibonding molecular orbital. Electron density is increased for bonding MO's in internuclear region
but decreased for antibonding MO's. Shielding of the nuclei by increased electron density in bonding MO's reduces
inter nuclear repulsion & thus stabilizes the molecule whereas lower electron density in antibonding MO's increases
the repulsion and destabilises the system.
Antibonding MO
Energy
O
Bonding MO
N2 2.5
N2 2.5
N2 3.0
N 2 & N 2 both have same bond order but N2 has higher number of antibonding electron. Hence correct order
is N 2 N 2 N 2 .
2. Which of the following hetero-diatomic molecular ion is paramagnetic?
(1) NO+ (2) CO (3) CN (4) NO
Sol. Answer (4)
NO is paramagnetic.
3. Which of the following species have identical value of bond order?
(1) F2 and Ne2 (2) C2 and N2 (3) N2+ and O+2 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
F2 1
Ne2 0
C2 2
N2 3
N2 2.5
O 2 2.5
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
108 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Comprehension-II
Properties of most ionic solids deviate from ideal ionic character because lattice may undergo some distortion.
Cations are usually smaller than anions and have higher effective nuclear charge than the latter. The outer electron
cloud in a cation is more firmly held than in an anion. Loose electron cloud of anion when attracted by electron
cloud of cation gets distorted. This phenomenon is known as polarisation. Due to this polarisation, electron cloud
of anion shifts towards cation which decreases magnitude of '+ve' charge on cation & 've' charge on anion. In other
words, covalent character develops in ionic bond.
1. Which of the following is an ionic compound?
(1) AlF3 (2) AlCl3 (3) AlBr3 (4) AlI3
Sol. Answer (1)
Cations are same, hence, smaller the size of anion, lesser is polarization and greater will be ionic character.
2. Which of the following alkali metal carbonate decompose on heating?
(1) Li2CO3 (2) Na2CO3 (3) K2CO3 (4) Rb2CO3
Sol. Answer (1)
Li2CO3 has smaller cation hence more covalent character hence decompose on heating.
3. Amongst LiCl, RbCl, BeCl2 and MgCl2 the compounds with greatest and least ionic character respectively are
(1) LiCl & RbCl (2) RbCl & MgCl2 (3) RbCl & BeCl2 (4) MgCl2 & BeCl2
Sol. Answer (3)
LiCl BeCl2
RbCl MgCl2
Anions are same hence greatest ionic character is possessed by species having largest cation and least ionic
character will be possessed by species containing smallest cation.
Comprehension-III
Electric Dipole moment is a vector quantity. If a compound contain more than one polar bond then, the net electric
dipole moment is equal to vector sum of individual dipole moment.
e.g., In H2O O
H H
= 1.84D 104.5
1. Which of the following compounds have zero dipole moment?
(1) SF4 (2) ICl4 (3) H2S (4) SnCl2
Sol. Answer (2)
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 109
3. Which of the following compounds have zero dipole moment?
OH CH3 Cl
OH CH3 Cl
OH
In , H atoms are not in same plane. In p-xylene both moments are cancelled.
OH
4. A compound has molecular formula XeOn where n is number of oxygen atoms, dipole moment of the compound
is minimum when n is
Comprehension-IV
Lattice energy : Lattice energy is the amount of energy released when one mole of ionic compound is formed from
its gaseous ions"
Na Cl NaCl (s) x kJ
(g) (g)
q1 q2
Lattice energy
r2
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
110 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Comprehension-V
Shape of the compound depend on type and number of electron pair around central atom. These electron pair
repel each other and stay as far as possible. The repulsion sequence is as
Compound Structure
(3) I3 Linear
(4) N3 Linear
d have largest lobes and can easily takes part in all three hybridization.
z2
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : Polarisation is the distortion of the shape of an anion by an adjacently placed cation.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Maximum polarisation is brought about by a cation of high charge.
Sol. Answer (2)
Factual.
2. STATEMENT-1 : PH3 and PF3 are pyramidal in shape with one lone pair on P but PF3 has greater bond angle than
PH3.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Back bonding is present in PF3 but absent in PH3.
Sol. Answer (1)
More EN atom shall repel each other strongly, increasing the bond angle. But back-bonding is possible in
PF3 due to vacand d-orbitals in P and availability of lp on F.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 111
and
and
S=C=S
and
In PCl5 all bond angles and bond lengths are not equal.
6. STATEMENT-1 : The compounds which have polar bonds have non-zero dipole moment.
and
O=C=O
and
H2O is liquid due to Hydrogen-bonding; O is more electronegative than S but for Hydrogen-bonding one atom
should be highly electronegative while S is not highly electronegative.
and
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
112 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Boiling point of H2O is higher because it forms four hydrogen bonds per molecule.
and
and
11. STATEMENT-1: p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid
and
o-hydroxybenzoic acid has lower boiling point as it has intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions
Column-I Column-II
(Order) (Property)
OH OH
NO2
(B) > (q) Thermal stability
NO2
xx Si(CH3)
|
N N
CH3 | CH3
CH3 (CH3)Si Si(CH3)
In NSi(CH3)3 , Si uses its vacant d-orbital for back bonding with lone pair electrons of central N atom, hence,
has less tendency to release its electrons, hence, less basic.
Ortho nitro phenol shows intramolecular hydrogen bonding while para nitro phenol shows intermolecular
hydrogen bonding hence ortho isomer is more volatile.
Na+ is smaller than Ca+2, hence, Na2CO3 has more lattice energy than CaCO3. Hence, Na2CO3 is more
thermally stable.
Water has high density than ice because ice forms cage like structure and large vacancies are created in
ice.
2. Match the following :
Column-I Column-II
(Molecule) (Number of lone pair + bond pair
respectively at central atom)
(A) ClF3 (p) 2+2
(B) XeF4 (q) 2+3
(C) I3 (r) 2+4
(D) H2S (s) 3+2
Sol. Answer A(q), B(r), C(s), D(p)
F
ClF3 : |
FClF
BP 3
23
LP 2
XeF4 : I
xx
F
|
FXeF I
xx xx
|
F
I
BP 4
2 4
LP 2
I3
LP = 3, BP = 2 3 + 2
H2S : HSH
LP = 2, BP = 2 2 + 2
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
114 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Column-I Column-II
(Molecule) (Hybridisation of central atom)
H2Te
1
VSEP = (V + M C + A)
2
1
= (6 + 2 0 + 0)
2
8
= = 4 sp3
2
XeF4
1
VSEP = (8 + 4 0 + 0)
2
12
= = 6 sp3d2
2
IClF2
Cl is centre atom.
1
VSEP = (7 + 3 0 + 0)
2
10
= = 5 sp3d
2
O
||
HCOH
Central atom is C.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 115
4. Match the following
Column I Column II
(A) NF3 (p) Lowest bond angle among column I
(B) NH3 (q) Lowest dipole moment among column II
(C) NO2 (r) Incomplete octet
(D) N2O (s) 103 < Bond angle < 10928'
Sol. Answer A(p), B(s), C(r), D(q)
5. Match the orbital overlap figures shown in Column-I with the description given in Column-II and select the correct
answer using the code given below the columns. [JEE(Advanced)-2014]
Column-I Column-II
Code :
A B C D
(1) q p r s
(2) s r p q
(3) q r p s
(4) s p r q
A. d d ( bonding)
B. p d ( bonding)
C. p d ( antibonding)
D. d d ( antibonding)
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
116 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. How many no. of -bonds are present in H2SO4?
Fact
2. How many POP bonds are present in P4O10 ?
Fact
3. How many hybrid orbitals are used for bond formation in SF4?
Sol. Answer (4)
Hybridization is sp3d.
Five hybrid orbitals and one hybrid orbital is unused carrying lone pair.
4. How many right angle bonds are present in BrF5?
Sol. Answer (0)
Its shape is distorted square pyramidal.
5. What will be the bond order between OO in peroxide of sodium?
Sol. Answer (1)
Presence of lone pair will distort all the bond angles and none of the bond angle is exactly equal to 90.
FaBrFeq = 84
FeqBrFeq = 89
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 117
XeF4, SF4, SiF4, BF4, BrF4, [Cu(NH3)4]2+, [FeCl4]2, [CoCl4]2 and [PtCl4]2.
Defining shape on the basis of the location of X and Z atoms, the total number of species having a square
planar shape is [JEE(Advanced)-2014]
11. Among the triatomic molecules/ions, BeCl2 , N3 , N2O, NO2 , O3 , SCl2, ICl2 , I3 and XeF2, the total number of linear
molecule(s)/ion(s) where the hybridization of the central atom does not have contribution from the d-orbital(s) is
[Atomic number : S = 16, Cl = 17, I = 53 and Xe = 54] [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
Sol. Answer (4)
Cl Be Cl N3
Hybridization sp Hybridisation sp
..
..
..
[Cl ..I Cl]
..
Cl Cl 3 3
Hybridisation sp Hybridisation sp d
Structure Angular Structure linear
.. ..
[I ..I I]
.. F ..Xe F ..
3 3
Hybridisation sp d Hybridisation sp d
Structure linear Structure linear
NNO
Hybridisation sp
Structure linear
Only BeCl2, N3, N2O and NO2 are linear with sp-hybridisation.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
118 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions
STATEMENT-3 : One hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative element can form only one H-bond.
Fact.
H OH
2. STATEMENT-1 : In the molecule C will form intramolecular H-bonding to a greater extent.
H F
STATEMENT-3 : Increase in percentage of 'P' orbital increases the directional nature of bond.
3. STATEMENT-1 : All hybrid orbitals of same composition have same shape and energy.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 119
SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions]
1. Shape of the compounds XeF3+ and XeF5+ are respectively
(1) T-shape, square pyramid (2) Sea-saw, square pyramidal
(3) Bent T-shaped, square pyramidal (4) T-shaped in both
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact
Fact
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
120 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
8. Which of the following representation represent * molecular orbital, (z is considered as internuclear axis)?
+ + +
(1) + (2) +
+ + +
px px py py
+
+
(3) (4)
+
+
+
2pz 2pz
(1) CH3Cl > CH3F (2) NH3 > NF3 (3) HF > HCl (4) All of these
(1) N2 (2) CO
Fact
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
Solution of Assignment (Set-2) Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 121
13. How many orbitals on one phosphorus atom in P4, have 25% s character?
(1) 0 (2) 2
(3) 4 (4) 3
Fact
15. Why H2 is more stable than H2+ while He2+ is more stable than He2?
H2 is more stable than H2+ but He2+ is more stable than He2.
16. Explain the stability order of CO & SiO & give reason for same.
Sol. CO > SiO (stability order) because there is no tendency of p-p bonding in Si.
17. Why HSH bond angle in H2S is smaller than HOH bond angle in H2O?
O S
Sol. > (bond angle)
H H H H
O is more electronegative than S, so it has more tendency to attract bonded electron pairs.
18. Na2CO3 does not decompose on heating whereas CaCO3 decomposes, why?
Sol. More the carbonate ion is polarized by the cation more is the chance of formation of CO2 and therefore higher
is probability of decomposition.
19. Why AlCl3 is a covalent molecule but is ionized in water to give Al+3 and Cl ions?
Sol. AlCl3 (anhydrous) is covalent because of very high ionization energy required for formation of Al+3. But in
hydrated condition, this excessive energy is obtained by hydration energy of smaller Al+3 ion.
20. Explain, why white phosphorus is more reactive than red phosphorus.
Sol. White P has following tetrahedral structure where each phosphorus is attached to 3 other phosphorus atoms
by sigma bonds :
P
P P
P
In red phosphorus, molecule forms a chain structure (polymer like) where 2 inter molecular bonds are made
by each P4 unit.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
122 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
21. Why carbon exists as graphite but silicon does not exist in any such form?
Sol. Silicon has lower bond energy than carbon, so less tendency of catenation is present.
Sol. IF7 has lower covalent character i.e., higher ionic character this strengthens the I F interaction, hence,
stabilizing the molecule.
23. Calculate the percentage of covalent character of HX having bond length = 1.62 and observed dipole moment =
0.39 D.
0.39
Percentage ionic character 100 = 5%
7.776
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, Plot No.-4, Sector-11, Dwarka, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456