Resumo
Existem diferenas nos ndices de sucesso dos implantes dentrios disponveis no mercado. Estas diferenas
podem estar associadas s caractersticas na escala macro e nanomtrica dos implantes. As diferenas
macromtricas envolvem o material usado na fabricao, a forma do corpo do implante, o perfil dos filetes de
rosca, dimenses dos implantes e o modo de fixao dos componentes protticos. As diferenas nas escalas
micro e nanomtrica so identificadas na morfologia da superfcie do implante, as quais influenciam nos
mecanismos de interao com clulas durante o perodo de cicatrizao e reparo dos tecidos. O objetivo do
presente trabalho analisar os diferentes mecanismos envolvidos na osseointegrao e as interaes das clulas
com a superfcie dos implantes osseointegrveis de titnio comercialmente puro. A anlise do envolvimento das
protenas da matriz extracelular, da membrana celular e do citoesqueleto permitir entender a razo que o titnio
com e sem tratamento da superfcie apresenta osseointegrao e este fenmeno no obervado em outros metais. As
fases de adeso, proliferao e diferenciao das clulas sseas e a adeso de protenas ao titnio esto
intimamente relacionadas com as propriedades da superfcie dos implantes, como rugosidade, composio qumica,
molhabilidade e energia de superfcie.
1. Introduo
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There are differences in success rates of dental implants available. These differences may be
associated with the characteristics on the macro and nano scale of the implants. The macro
differences is the material, design, the profile of the screw threads, dimensions of the implants
and fixation of prosthetic components. The differences in the micro and nano scale are
identified in the morphology of the implant surface, which influence the mechanisms of
interaction with cells during healing and tissue repair. The objective of this study is to analyze
the different mechanisms involved in osseointegration and the interactions of cells with the
surface of dental implants of commercially pure titanium. The analysis of the extracellular
matrix proteins, cell membrane and cytoskeletal explain why the titanium with or without
surface treatment has osseointegration and this phenomenon is not observable on other
metals. The layers of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone cells and adhesion
proteins are closely related to the titanium with surface properties of implants, such as
roughness, chemical composition, surface energy and wettability.