FACULTY OF MEDICINE UPH

LIPPO VILLAGE KARAWACI TANGERANG - BANTEN

MANUAL OF ANATOMY LABORATORY

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM BLOCK

SEMESTER III, 2017/2018; BATCH 2016

Bernard SM Hutabarat, dr, PAK

Stefanus S.S, dr, M.Biomed

MORTUI VIVO DOCENT

( THE DEAD TEACH THE LIVING )

GENERAL RULES AT THE DISSECTING ROOM.

MORTUI VIVOS DOCENT ( THE DEAD TEACH THE LIVING ) is an

universal basic principle that must always be remembered by every medical
students and those who study Anatomy on cadaver.
Universally, MORTUI VIVOS DOCENT means that medical students
learn from the dead so the cadavers also become their teacher.
Based on MORTUI VIVOS DOCENT every medical student who works
on cadavers must obey Code of Ethic of Anatomy as follows :

Students :

1. 1. Prepare him / herself for Laboratory practice, including :

1.1. Study the Lab. Manual accordingly before coming to Dissection Room.
1.2. Bring along Anatomy dissecting instruments ( minimum 1 for each group )
1.3. Must bring along Lab. Manual, Anatomy atlas and ( if necessary )
anatomy lecture materials
1.4. Wear Laboratory dress properly
2. Respect the cadavers as the students respect their teachers.
3. NOT Allowed to take cadavers photo and video.
4. NOT make fun of cadavers or parts of the cadavers whatever the condition of
the cadavers or parts of the cadavers might be.
5. NOT throw part of the cadaver if his / her fellow student wants to borrow the
specimen
6. Give / take directly the specimen from his / her fellow student if he / she wants
to lend / borrow the specimen.
7. NOT damage cadavers or parts of the cadavers on purpose or for fun.
8. NOT playing during practise in the lab
9. Work very carefully to avoid accidents from dissection instruments.
MUST prepare him / herself for Laboratory practice, including :
9.1. Study the Lab. Manual accordingly

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 9.2. Bring along Anatomy dissecting instruments ( minimum 1 set for each group )
9.3. Bring along Lab. Manual, Anatomy atlas and ( if necessary ) anatomy lecture
materials
9.4. Wear the required Laboratory dress properly

. LABORATORY WEEK TWOO; SEPTEMBER 25, 26, 28 : 2017

TOPICS : INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF THE HEART

COMPETENCY AREA : 5

COMPETENCY LEVEL : 4A

LEARNING OBJECTIVES :

After finished laboratory practice Student should be able to identify :

1. Chambers of the heart

2. Orifices of the right and left atria ( orificiae atriae dextra et sinistra )
3. Interatrial septum ( septum interatriale )
4. Fossa ovalis
5. Internal structures of the atria.
6. Right and left atrioventricular orifices ( ostiae atrioventriculares dextra et sinistra )
7. Tricuspid and bicuspid valves ( valvae tricuspidalis et bicuspidalis )
8. Parts of the valves of the heart ( partes valvae cordes )
9. Internal structures of the ventricles
10. Aortic and pulmonary valves ( valvulae semilunares aortae et pulmonalis )
11. Vascularization of the heart.
12. Projection of the location of Conduction system of the heart ( projectio systema
conductionis cordis )

ATTENTION FOR STUDENTS :

To achieve the learning objectives Students at Dissection Room do the following

procedures :

1. Identify chambers of the heart. Look for :

1.1. Right atrium ( atrium dextrum )
1.2. Right auricle ( auricula dextra )
1.3. Right atrioventricular orifice ( ostium atrioventriculare dextrum )
1.4. Right ventricle ( ventriculus dexter )
1.5. Left atrium ( atrium sinistrum )
1.6. Left auricle (auricula sinistra )
1.7. Left atrioventricular orifice ( ostium atrioventriculare sinistrum )
1.8. Left ventricle ( ventriculus sinister )
2. Identify internal structures / parts of the right atrium. Look for :
2.1. Opening of superior vena cava ( ostium venae cavae superioris )
2.2. Opening of coronary sinus ( ostium sinus coronarii )
2.3. Opening of the inferior vena cava ( ostium venae cavae inferioris )
2.4. Valve of inferior vena cava ( valvula venae cavae inferioris Eustachii )

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 Discuss among the group function of valvula venae cavae inferioris Eustachii at fetal
circulation ( circulatio foetalis )
2.5. Interatrial septum ( septum interatriale )
2.6. Oval fossa ( fossa ovalis ). Discuss among the group :
2.6.1. Embryologic origin and previous name of fossa ovalis.
2.6.2. Embryologic process of the formation of fossa ovalis.
2.6.3. Role of previous fossa ovalis in circulatio foetalis.
2.6.4. Twentyfive out of hundred cadavers ( 25 % ) show little hole at the fossa
ovalis. Only a probe ( sonde ) can pass through that hole. What is the name
of that congenital malformation?
2.7 Pectinate muscles ( Mm. pectinati )
3. Identify tricuspid valve at the right atrioventricular orifice. Look for :
3.1. Tricuspidal valve ( valva tricuspidalis ).
3.2. Cuspis of tricuspid valve ( cuspes valvulae tricuspidalis ):
3.2.1. Anterior cusp ( cuspis anterior )
3.2.2. Posterior cusp ( cuspis posterior )
3.2.3. Septal cusp ( cuspis septalis )
3.3. Identify the other components of atrioventricular valves. Look for :
3.3.1. Tendinous cord ( chordae tendineae )
3.3.2. Papillary muscles (Mm. papillares). Where are the origins of papillary
muscles ?
4. Identify internal structures / parts of the ventricles. Look for :
4.1. Walls / endocardium of the ventricles. Compare walls between the two ventricles,
which one is thicker. Why?
4.2. Trabeculae carneae
4.3. Interventricular septum ( septum interventriculare ). Discuss among the group
parts of interventricular septum.
4.4. Opening of pulmonary trunk ( ostium trunci pulmonalis )
4.5. Pulmonary valve ( valva trunci pulmonalis )
4.5.1. Right semilunar cusp ( valvula semilunaris dextra )
4.5.2. Left semilunar cusp ( valvula semilunaris sinistra )
4.5.3. Anterior semilunar cusp ( valvula semilunaris anterior )
4.6. Aortic orifice ( ostium aortae )
4.7. Aortic valve ( valvae aortae )
4.7.1. Right semilunar/coronary cusp (valvula semilunaris/coronaria dextra)
4.7.2. Left semilunar/coronary cusp (valvula semilunaris/coronaria sinistra)
4.7.3. Posterior semilunar/coronary cusp (valvula semilunaris/coronaria posterior)
4.8. Septomarginal trabecula ( trabecula septomarginalis ).
Discuss among the group previous name of the septomarginal trabecula. What is the
reason for that name?
5. Identify openings of pulmonary veins ( ostia venarum pulmonalium ).
6. Identify left atrioventricular/mitral/bicuspidal valve ( valva atrioventricularis sinistra, valva
mitralis/bicuspidalis ). Why does the valve called valva mitralis ?
7. Discuss among the group conduction system of the heart (systema conductionis cordis)
8. At the specimen try to project the location of :
8.1. Sinoatrial / sinoauricular node of Keith Flack ( Nodus sinoatrialis / sinoauricularis
Keith Flack )
8.2. Atrioventricular node ( nodus atrioventricularis ) Aschoff Tawara.
8.3. Atrioventricular bundle of His
8.4. Right and left bundle branch of atrioventricular bundle of His.
9. Identify at the specimen blood vessels of the heart. Look for :

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 9.1. Right and left coronary arteries ( Aa. coronariae dextra et sinistra )
Discuss among the group :
9.1.1. The location of coronary arteries.
9.1.2. Main branches of coronary arteries and their location.
9.1.3. What are the names of veins that accompany main branches of
coronary arteries
9.2. Sinus coronarius.
9.3. Discuss among the group :
9.3.1. Names of the 7 cardiac veins ( Vv. Cardiacae )
9.3.2. Names of 5 cardiac veins that drain their blood into sinus coronarius.
9.3.3. Names of 2 cardiac veins that directly drain its blood into right atrium

SPECIMENS :

1. Cadaver
2. Heart ( Cor )
3. Plastinates.

INSTRUCTORS :

1. Bernard SM Hutabarat,dr,PAK
2. Stefanus S Sumali,dr,MBiomed
3. Deisy Budiono,dr

REFERENCES

1. Atlas of Anatomy:
2. Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies ( FIFAT ) :
Terminologia Anatomica , 2nd edit. Georg Thieme Verlag , Stuttgart New York
3. Textbook of Anatomy
4. Textbook of Anatomy
5. Lecture materials

GOD SPEED AND BLESS THE STUDENTS