CSIR-UGC-JRF-NET Life Sciences-Notes (Syllabus wise)
Biomolecules (Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids and Vitamins).
Stabilizing interactions pH, buffer, molarity, normality Membrane structure and function Operon Cell organelles Cell division, checkpoints, cyclins involved and cell cycle Cellular communications: Tight junction, Gap Junctions .. DNA replication enzymes involved Transcription- translation Enzymes involved Inhibitors, mode of action of antibiotics Post- translational modification of proteins Cell signalling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signalling through G- protein coupled receptors. Oncology: Mode of action of tumor suppressor genes like p53, rB etc Anticancer drugs source & mode of action example: tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor blocker, Methotrexate Specific immune cells affected by diseases eg: HIV virus attacks T helper cells, Mycobacterium tuberculosis attacks macrophages Different types of immunoglobulins and its importance MHCs Autoimmune disorders Cell signalling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signalling through G- protein coupled receptors. Photosynthesis - C3 , C4 and CAM pathways. Respiration Nitrogen metabolism Plant hormones :Precursors and functions Phytochromes, Secondary metabolites synthesis, pathways Flowering genes in plants Mendelian ratio + statistics. Extra chromosomal inheritance: Inheritance of Mitochondrial and chloroplast genes, maternal inheritance. Microbial genetics: transformation, conjugation, transduction especially Hfr prophage. Cot curve analysis Human genetics : Pedigree analysis, genetic disorders. (Genetics Problems) ABO blood group Structural and numerical alterations of chromosomes : Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation, ploidy and their genetic implications. Mitotic and meiotic Non-disjunction
Darwinisms; The evolutionary synthesis.
Origin of cells and unicellular evolution: endosymbiotic theory. Concept of Oparin and Haldane; Experiment of Miller (1953); Rules In ecology (Allens rule, Bergmans rule, Glogers rule, Yodas Law) Geological time scale (make some codes in order to remember). Gene pool, Gene frequency; Hardy-Weinberg Law; concepts and rate of change in gene frequency through natural selection. (Genetics Problems) Speciation, allpatry and sympatry, convergent, divergent and parallel evolution. Major Biomes of the World Biosphere Reserve and Sanctuaries Endangered: plants, animals and birds (In India) Techniques in molecular biology and its applications Microscopic Techniques