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Isthmus Nahuatl
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Isthmus Nahuatl (Isthmus Nahuat; native name: mela'tjtol) is a

Nahuatl dialect cluster spoken by about 30,000 people in Veracruz,
Isthmus Nahuatl
Mexico. According to Ethnologue 16, the Cosoleacaque dialect is mela'tjtol
84% intelligible with Pajapan, and 83% intelligible with Mecayapan. Native to Mexico
Region Veracruz, Tabasco
Native (30,000 cited 1990
Contents speakers 1994)[1]
Language Uto-Aztecan
1 Phonology family
1.1 Vowels Aztecan (Nahuan)
Nahuatl
1.2 Consonants Eastern Peripheral
2 Writing system Nahuatl
3 Grammar Isthmus Nahuatl
4 References
Writing Latin
5 Bibliography system
6 External links
Language codes
ISO 639-3 Variously:
nhk Cosoleacaque
Phonology nhx Mecayapan
nhp Pajapan
The following description is that of Mecayapan dialect.
Glottolog isth1245 (http://glott
olog.org/resource/lang
Vowels
uoid/id/isth1245)[2]

Front back

Close i i
o o
Mid e e

Open a a

Consonants

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Labial Dental Palatal Velar Glottal

Nasal m n

voiceless p t k
Plosive
voiced b d

voiceless ts t
Affricate
voiced (dz*) (d)

voiceless s h
Fricative
voiced z (*)

Approximant l j w

Rhotic r

Occur only as allophones.

Writing system
Aa Bb Cc Ch ch Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll

/a/ /b/ /k/ /t/ /d/ /e/ // /i j/ /h/ /k/ /l/

Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Xx Yy Zz '

/m/ /n/ /o/ /p/ /k/ /r/ /s/ /t/ /w/ // /j/ //

H is used at the beginnings of words before u, and has no value of its own. C is used to represent /k/ before the
vowels a and o, while qu is used before i and e.

An underline (a, e, i, o) is used to mark long vowels.

Stress on the second-last syllable of a word that does not end in l or r, and stress on the last syllable of a word
that does end in l or r, is unmarked. All other stress patterns are marked with an acute accent on the stressed
vowel (, , , ).

The letters f, k, v and z occur only in loanwords.

Grammar
This variety of Nahuatl has developed a distinction between inclusive and exclusive "we", which Classical
Nahuatl and other modern forms of Nahuatl lack. The exclusive form is regularly derived from the first person
singular ("I"), while the inclusive continues the suppletive first person plural of Classical Nahuatl.

Classical Isthmus-Mecayapan

1st person singular niqusa "I leave" niquisa "I leave" 1st person singular

niquisaj "We (not you) leave" 1st person plural exclusive

1st person plural tiqusaj "We leave" tiquisaj "We (including you) leave" 1st person plural inclusive

References
1. Cosoleacaque (http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/nhk/) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
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1. Cosoleacaque (http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/nhk/) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)

Mecayapan (http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/nhx/) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Pajapan (http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/nhp/) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
2. Hammarstrm, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Isthmus Nahuatl" (http://glotto
log.org/resource/languoid/id/isth1245). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the
Science of Human History.

Bibliography
Wolgemuth, et al. 2000. Diccionario Nhuatl de los municipios Mecayapan y Tatahuicapan de
Jurez, Veracruz. (http://www.sil.org/mexico/nahuatl/istmo/G020a-DiccNahIst-nhx.htm)
Wolgemuth, Carl. 2002. Gramtica Nhuatl (melatjto l) de los municipios de Mecayapan y
tatahuicapan de Jurez, Veracruz (Segunda edicin). (http://www.sil.org/mexico/nahuatl/istmo/G0
27a-GramNahIst-nhx.htm)
Wolgemuth, Carl. 2007. Nahuatl grammar of the townships of Mecayapan and Tatahuicapan de
Jurez, Veracruz (https://www.ualberta.ca/~csmackay/Mecayapan.pdf). SIL International.
Garca de Len, Antonio (1976). Pajapan, un dialecto mexicano del Golfo (in Spanish). Mxico,
D.F.: INAH.
Ando Koji. 2007. Gramtica nhuatl de Pajapan, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa.

External links
SIL Mexico (http://www.sil.org/mexico/nahuatl/istmo/00i-NahuatlMecaTata-nhx.htm) includes sound
recordings

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